Microservice architecture and distributed architecture are two different architecture design methods, each with advantages and disadvantages. How do we usually choose when designing architecture? One is based on our experience and technology, and the other is based on the requirements and characteristics of the project. In this article, Lao Zuo sorts out the differences and advantages of the two architecture technologies, and then we can choose which one to use when designing.
First, architecture granularity
Microservice architecture: microservice architecture divides applications into a group of small, independent services. Each service focuses on specific business functions and interacts through lightweight communication mechanisms. Each service can be deployed, extended and maintained independently.
Distributed architecture: Distributed architecture refers to dividing a large system into multiple subsystems or modules, which can run on different physical or logical nodes. Each subsystem or module is responsible for handling specific functions and communicating and coordinating through the network.
Second, communication mechanism
Micro service architecture: Micro service architecture usually uses lightweight communication mechanisms, such as HTTP, RESTful API or message queue, to achieve communication and collaboration between services.
Distributed architecture: The distributed architecture can use various communication mechanisms, including remote procedure call (RPC), message passing, Web services, etc., to achieve communication between modules.
Third, data management
Microservice architecture: In microservice architecture, each service usually has its own data storage, and you can choose a database or data storage technology that suits your needs. Each service is responsible for managing its own data and providing access to other services through APIs.
Distributed architecture: In a distributed architecture, data may be stored on multiple nodes in a decentralized manner, and different modules may use shared databases or shared file systems to access and manage data.
Fourth, independence and autonomy
Microservice architecture: The microservice architecture encourages the independent development, deployment and maintenance of each service. Each service can be developed and managed by different teams, and can be independently versioned, extended, and updated.
Distributed architecture: The subsystems or modules in the distributed architecture are usually more tightly coupled. They may be developed and maintained by the same team, and may need coordinated changes and deployment.
In conclusion, the microservice architecture pays more attention to the independence and autonomy of services, and separates applications into small services; The distributed architecture pays more attention to the modularization and distribution of the system, dividing the system into multiple subsystems or modules. Both can realize the horizontal expansion, high availability and flexibility of the system, and the choice of suitable architecture depends on the specific requirements and scenarios.
