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Popular knowledge - HTTPS SSL encryption principle

When we develop websites and applets, we use SSL certificates when we use HTTPS encrypted websites. But do you know the principle of SSL certificates? SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption principle is based on public key cryptography and symmetric encryption algorithm.

First, the client initiates an SSL connection request to the server and obtains the server's certificate. The certificate contains server public key and other information. The client ensures the security of communication with the server by verifying the validity of the certificate.

Next, the client uses the server's public key to encrypt a randomly generated symmetric key, and sends the encrypted key to the server. The server decrypts the received data using its own private key to obtain a symmetric key. This symmetric key will be used for subsequent communication between the client and the server.

Then, both the client and server use the symmetric key to encrypt and decrypt data. This method is called symmetric encryption. Because the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt data, it is very efficient.

Finally, in the process of data transmission, MAC (message authentication code) should be used to ensure that the data will not be tampered with. The server and client calculate MAC respectively and verify each other to ensure that the data is not tampered or forged.

In general, SSL encryption technology uses public key cryptography, symmetric encryption, digital certificates, MAC and other technologies to ensure communication security and data confidentiality, integrity and reliability.

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