Original title: The average age of migrant workers has reached 43.1 years, and the latest monitoring data has been released!
On April 30, the National Bureau of Statistics released the survey report on migrant workers in 2023 on its website.
According to the data of the report, the total number of migrant workers in 2023 will be 297.53 million, up 0.6% over the previous year. At the same time, the average age of migrant workers reached 43.1 years, 0.8 years older than the previous year.
In addition to size and age data, the report also released information about which regions have more migrant workers, which industries have increased their number of practitioners, and which industries have the fastest growth in income. Let's take a look~~~
[The scale and growth rate of migrant workers nationwide]
Scale, distribution and flow direction of migrant workers ▶▶▶
The total number of migrant workers continues to increase
In 2023, the total number of migrant workers in China will be 297.53 million. Among them, there were 120.95 million local migrant workers, a decrease of 2.77 million or 2.2% over the previous year; 176.58 million migrant workers went out, an increase of 4.68 million or 2.7% over the previous year. At the end of the year, there were 128.16 million migrant workers living in cities and towns.
Among the migrant workers, 67.51 million people migrated across provinces, accounting for 38.2%; There are 109.07 million migrants in the province, accounting for 61.8%.
In terms of regions, 13.8% of migrant workers from the eastern region are from across provinces, 51.7% from the central region, 44.5% from the western region, and 30.9% from the northeast region.
The central and western regions continue to return
[Regional distribution of migrant workers' output and input]
From the perspective of input, 152.77 million migrant workers were employed in the eastern region, 1.7 million fewer than the previous year, down 1.1%;
69.82 million people in the central region, an increase of 2.11 million or 3.1% over the previous year;
65.52 million people in the western region, an increase of 1.16 million over the previous year, or 1.8%;
There were 8.72 million people in Northeast China, an increase of 290000 or 3.4% over the previous year.
Basic characteristics of migrant workers ▶▶▶
The proportion of female migrant workers has increased
Among all migrant workers, 62.7% are men and 37.3% are women.
Among them, women accounted for 43.0% of local migrant workers and 30.5% of migrant workers.
The proportion of women among all migrant workers increased by 0.7 percentage points over the previous year.
The average age of migrant workers continues to rise
[Age composition of migrant workers]
The average age of migrant workers is 43.1 years old, 0.8 years older than the previous year.
Among them, the average age of local migrant workers is 46.6 years old, and the average age of migrant workers is 38.9 years old.
From the perspective of age structure, 44.6% of migrant workers are 40 years old or below, 24.8% are 41-50 years old, and 30.6% are over 50 years old.
The proportion of college degree and above continues to increase
Among all migrant workers, 0.8% have not attended school, 13.8% have primary school education, 52.1% have junior high school education, 17.5% have senior high school education, and 15.8% have junior college education or above.
The proportion of migrant workers with college education or above increased by 2.1 percentage points over the previous year.
Employment of migrant workers ▶▶▶
The proportion of employment in the tertiary industry continued to increase
[Distribution of migrant workers' employment industries]
In terms of industries, 53.8% of migrant workers engaged in the tertiary industry, 2.1 percentage points higher than the previous year;
Those engaged in the secondary industry accounted for 45.5%, down 2.3 percentage points over the previous year.
It can be seen from the distribution of migrant workers' employment industries that among the six major industries, 27.5% are engaged in manufacturing, and 15.4% are engaged in construction, which is relatively high. Among them, the proportion of construction practitioners decreased by 2.3% compared with the previous year.
The average monthly income of migrant workers increased steadily
[Average monthly income and growth rate of migrant workers by industry]
The average monthly income of migrant workers was 4780 yuan, an increase of 165 yuan or 3.6% over the previous year.
Among them, the average monthly income of migrant workers was 5441 yuan, up 3.8%; The average monthly income of local migrant workers was 4131 yuan, up 2.6%. The average monthly income growth rate of migrant workers is 1.2 percentage points faster than that of local migrant workers.
It can be seen from the table of average monthly income and growth rate of migrant workers by industry that the income of the six major industries has kept growing. Among them, the average monthly income of migrant workers engaged in wholesale and retail industry, accommodation and catering industry grew rapidly; The average monthly income of migrant workers engaged in the construction industry is 5488 yuan, which is still the industry with the highest average monthly income.
Living conditions of migrant workers in cities ▶▶▶
Further improvement of living conditions
In 2023, the per capita living area of migrant workers in cities will be 24.0 square meters, an increase of 1.4 square meters over the previous year.
Among them, the per capita living area of migrant workers in cities with more than 5 million people is 19.1 square meters, and the per capita living area of migrant workers in cities with less than 500000 people is 28.6 square meters.
The education of migrant children continued to improve
The admission rate (including preschool classes) of migrant workers' children from 3 to 5 years old was 90.9%.
In terms of school types, 42.3% of children enrolled in public kindergartens, an increase of 0.3 percentage points over the previous year; 30.6% of children enrolled in the inclusive private kindergartens, an increase of 2.9 percentage points over the previous year.
The school attendance rate of migrant children in the compulsory education stage is 99.7%. Among them, 90.1% of migrant children in primary school were enrolled in public schools, 1.8 percentage points higher than the previous year; 91.0% of migrant children in junior high school attended public schools, an increase of 3.2 percentage points over the previous year.
The adaptability of urban life is constantly improving
The sense of belonging and adaptability of migrant workers to their cities have been growing.
47.3% of migrant workers in cities think they are "natives" of the cities they live in, 1.6 percentage points higher than the previous year;
86.3% said they were very or relatively adapted to local life, 1.1 percentage points higher than the previous year;
38.2% participated in activities organized by their communities, up 3.3 percentage points over the previous year.
Relevant information supplement
What is the monitoring and investigation of migrant workers?
In order to accurately reflect the scale, flow direction and distribution of migrant workers across the country, In 2008, the National Bureau of Statistics established a monitoring and investigation system for migrant workers and carried out monitoring and investigation in migrant workers' export areas.
The survey covers rural areas of 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China. 8613 survey communities were selected from 1730 survey counties (districts) as survey samples.
The survey is conducted quarterly in the form of household visit survey.
What are the main indicators?
Migrant workers: refer to those who are still registered in rural areas and have been engaged in non-agricultural industries or have been out of work for 6 months or more within a year.
Local migrant workers: refers to migrant workers working in the township region where their household registration is located.
Migrant workers: refer to migrant workers working outside the township where their household registration is located.
Migrant workers in cities: refer to migrant workers living in urban areas at the end of the year. The urban area is divided according to the Regulations on Statistical Division of Urban and Rural Areas issued by the National Bureau of Statistics.
Average monthly income of migrant workers: refers to the ratio of the employment income and employment time (month) of migrant workers in this year.
(Comprehensive source: website of National Bureau of Statistics)
