Original title: Cultivate more craftsmen in big countries to adapt to the development of new quality productivity
The craftsmen of big countries are outstanding representatives of highly skilled talents. They are not only an effective carrier of the core competitiveness of China's industrial workers, but also an important talent engine to accelerate the development of new quality productivity. The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to accelerate the construction of national strategic talent force, and strive to cultivate more masters, strategic scientists, first-class scientific and technological leaders and innovation teams, young scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, great country craftsmen, and highly skilled talents.
On the new journey, to promote high-quality development with new quality productivity, there is an urgent need to train more large country craftsmen who are compatible with modern scientific and technological progress and modern industrial development, continue to strengthen the construction of high-quality skilled talent echelon led by the demonstration of large country craftsmen, and consolidate the talent base for building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Activate the key elements and select the great craftsman called for by the era of tree selection
Compared with the traditional productivity, the new quality productivity relies more on high-quality and innovative workers to organize, integrate the means of labor and labor objects and carry out production activities by using advanced labor tools. The development of new quality productivity requires not only strategic scientists, first-class scientific and technological leaders and innovation teams with original and disruptive scientific and technological innovation capabilities, but also application-oriented high-tech talents who can skillfully use new quality production tools and play a key role in the process of cutting-edge technology transformation, especially skilled craftsmen from large countries representing the highest level of the industry.
The craftsmen of big countries are the inventors, masters, inheritors of core technologies and key technologies, and the leading skilled talents in various industries. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the size of China's highly skilled talent team has grown rapidly and its quality has improved significantly. The total number of skilled talents has exceeded 200 million, and the number of highly skilled talents has exceeded 60 million. However, there are still problems such as insufficient total, poor structure, and mismatched skills and posts. It is urgent to give play to the demonstration and leading role of craftsmen from large countries and accelerate the construction of high-quality skilled talent echelon.
To train more craftsmen from large countries who can adapt to the development of new quality productivity, first of all, we need to strengthen top-level design, optimize the institutional environment, improve the normalization mechanism of caring for model craftsmen and highly skilled talents, strengthen the institutional construction of the innovation exchange conference of craftsmen from large countries and the forum of craftsmen from large countries, and cultivate craftsmen from large countries relying on national major strategies, major projects, major projects and key industries, Deepen the action of "model workers entering the campus" and upgrade the skills of industrial workers to form a system. At the same time, we should improve the construction system of craftsmanship colleges, give full play to the platform role of various craftsmanship colleges at all levels in combination with regional advantages and industrial (industry) characteristics, and incubate and cultivate knowledge-based, skilled and innovative technical and skilled talents. When carrying out the cultivation and selection of trees by craftsmen from large countries, it is necessary to highlight the distinctive orientation that is compatible with the development of new quality productivity. In the context of the development of new quality productivity, the craftsmen of large countries should not only have the common characteristics and ethos of the craftsmen of traditional large countries, but also have excellent practical and creative abilities in the transformation and application of cutting-edge technology, and promote the formation of scientific and technological innovation, scientific and technological achievements, industrial applications Good cycle of production line.
Focus on the main fields and promote the digital and intellectual transformation of skilled talents
In the development process of new quality productivity, the transformation of digital intelligence has become an irreversible trend. The revolutionary breakthrough and innovative development of technology will also give birth to new industries, new enterprises and new occupations. On this basis, we will accelerate the formation of a modern industrial system and modern economic system, and promote the realization of Chinese modernization with high-quality development.
The enterprise is one of the main bodies to promote new industrialization and develop new quality productivity, as well as the main place for highly skilled talents to grow and become talents and an important stage for making contributions. On the one hand, enterprises are not only the employers of highly skilled talents, but also the beneficiaries of cultivating highly skilled talents; On the other hand, the improvement of labor productivity brought about by the improvement of workers' skills can effectively translate into the production efficiency of enterprises, thus driving the improvement of total factor productivity.
The development of new quality productivity calls for more craftsmen from large countries, which requires the cultivation of a large number of highly skilled talents who complete production tasks at the front line of enterprises, and the construction of a reasonably structured echelon of skilled talents. We should highlight the main role of enterprises, stimulate the introduction and cultivation of highly skilled talents, and promote the transformation of traditional skilled talents into digital intelligence as soon as possible. It can fully integrate various innovative elements of the enterprise, create an innovative studio led and named by craftsmen, strengthen cooperation with relevant colleges and research institutions, develop a craftsman training program that meets the actual needs of the enterprise, actively explore the new apprenticeship system of the enterprise, and build a practical and efficient internal skill talent training mechanism of the enterprise. It can give play to the main role of enterprise training, strengthen the training and promotion of digital intelligence skills, develop courses focusing on the forefront of industrial technology, hold innovation exchange forums for model workers, and hold advanced special seminars, so as to stimulate the awareness of innovation and change of skilled personnel, activate innovative thinking, and continuously improve skills.
Cultivate new high-quality workers around industrial layout
To cultivate large craftsmen who can adapt to the development of new quality productivity, we need not only to improve the ability and quality of existing highly skilled talents as soon as possible, but also to cultivate new high-quality workers for emerging industries and future industries.
The cultivation of skilled talents needs to span the two stages of learning career and professional career, and has the remarkable characteristics of close connection and continuous accumulation of skills. Vocational education (including technician education) undertakes the important mission of institutionalizing the cultivation of vocational and technical talents, and it is also the cradle of cultivating future skilled talents and large country craftsmen. However, there are still some problems in China, such as insufficient supply of skilled personnel, insufficient adaptability and attraction of vocational education. According to the prediction of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, by 2025, the demand for talents in the field of intelligent manufacturing will reach 9 million, and the talent gap is expected to be 4.5 million.
According to the requirements of developing new quality productive forces, we should give full play to the basic supporting role of vocational colleges in training skilled talents, accelerate the construction of modern vocational education system, change the talent training mode, improve the quality of vocational education talent training, and better serve the development of new quality productive forces.
First, deepen the integration of science and education, closely connect with major national needs, industrial upgrading trends and technological innovation fronts, optimize and adjust the layout of disciplines and specialties in a timely manner, develop and construct strategic emerging industries such as new generation information technology, high-end equipment, new materials, new energy vehicles, and future science, future energy, future materials The curriculum system closely related to the future industry, such as Future Space, will vigorously cultivate talents in short supply in the industry.
Second, deepen the integration of industry and education, constantly expand the talent training model of school enterprise cooperation, make full use of social resources such as leading enterprises, explore the "1+1+N" model of "one school+one leading enterprise+N regional close cooperation enterprises or upstream and downstream industrial chain enterprises", adhere to the principle of promoting production through education, assisting teaching through production, integrating industry and education, and cooperation between industry and education, and explore order based training, fixed position training Targeted training and other ways closely related to employment enable students to contact the forefront of industry earlier.
The third is to deepen the integration of vocational education and general education, optimize the orientation of vocational education types, focus on improving the proportion of basic theoretical knowledge learning, and strengthen the organic connection with the knowledge structure of higher education. Actively explore and build a through talent training system from vocational education undergraduate and junior college students to high-level professional master's and doctoral education, and strive to create opportunities for vocational college students to enter colleges and universities for further study; Encourage and support highly educated talents to go to the front line, pay attention to the integration of theory with practice, grow into a comprehensive talent of "theoretical innovation - technological innovation - skill application", unblock the career development channel of skilled talents, and encourage more young students to take the path of becoming skilled talents and serving the country with skills.
(Author: Li Ke, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee, Vice President of the China Institute of Labor Relations, and President of the Trade Union College)
