Keyword analysis

thunder

In fairy tales, thunder and lightning will appear in the time and space when the thunder god and lightning mother get angry. In fact, lightning is a kind of atmospheric photoelectric phenomenon produced in severe convective weather. Lightning is the strong lightning flash accompanied by the discharge due to the mutual attraction of different charges in clouds, between clouds or between clouds and the ground. The sound generated by the rapidly expanding gas along the lightning channel is what people call thunder.

Knowledge points

Thunder and lightning is a magnificent and somewhat daunting discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder. It is generally generated in cumulonimbus clouds with vigorous convection development.

There are four types of lightning: direct lightning, electromagnetic pulse, spherical lightning and cloud flash. Among them, both direct lightning and spherical lightning will cause harm to people and buildings, and direct lightning is the most powerful.

The types of lightning include linear lightning, strip lightning, sheet lightning, rocket lightning, ball lightning, bead lightning, etc. The common lightning is linear lightning.

historical event

Lightning strike in Kaixian County

Kaixian County is more than 300 kilometers away from the downtown of Chongqing. On May 23, 2007, the Xingye Village Primary School in the county was struck by lightning, which shocked the whole country. Seven primary school students were killed. Many survivors still live in the nightmare of illness. 【 details 】

Lightning strikes the Oriental Pearl TV Tower

Lightning has a "preference" for high-rise buildings. In the early morning of April 13, 2010, as one of the landmarks in Shanghai, the 467.9 meter high Oriental Pearl was struck by lightning. 【 details 】

Flash

    • http://i.weather.com.cn/images/cn/index/dtpsc/2013/05/27/89682A3AE97AD3330B0CE9D060914CDC.swf
    http://i.weather.com.cn/images/cn/index/dtpsc/2013/05/27/4655A09274B0846F946B734EE7FB9180.swf
    http://i.weather.com.cn/images/cn/index/dtpsc/2013/05/28/E8BBEAE50E5E175E8FE1144C1FC9368A.swf

Disaster and prevention

Hazards of lightning

For a long time, thunder and lightning have been bringing disastrous strikes to human beings, creatures on the earth and human civilization in the form of direct lightning strikes. It often causes casualties and damages to buildings. 【 details 】

Lightning protection of buildings

The principle of modern lightning protection technology emphasizes all-round protection, comprehensive treatment and layer upon layer defense, and regards lightning protection as a systematic project. Equipotential bonding is one of the most critical lightning protection measures. 【 details 】

Daily lightning protection

Knowing more about lightning defense can help us reduce the damage caused by lightning. In addition to the protection of buildings and other fixed places, human protection is also very important. 【 details 】

Formation of thunderclouds

"Ion flow" hypothesis

There are a lot of positive and negative ions in the atmosphere, and the charge distribution on raindrops in clouds is uneven. There is a certain potential difference between the inner and outer layers. In order to balance, the water droplets must preferentially absorb the negative ions in the atmosphere to bring negative charges. 【 details 】

Charge accumulation in cold clouds

When the convection develops to a certain stage, supercooled water droplets, graupel particles and ice crystals will appear in the cloud. This kind of cloud, which is composed of water vapor condensates of different phases and whose temperature is lower than 0 ℃, is called cold cloud. 【 details 】

Charge accumulation in warm clouds

Clouds where the whole cloud body is located above 0 ℃ are called warm clouds or water clouds. In mid latitude regions, the part below the 0 ℃ isotherm is the warm region of clouds. The electrification process also occurs in the warm zone of clouds. 【 details 】

Type of lightning

Flaky lightning

Flake lightning is the flash on the cloud surface, sometimes it may be the extension of the spark lightning covered by the cloud, or it may be a special discharge light from the upper part of the cloud. 【 details 】

Linear lightning

Linear lightning is generally a kind of giant electrical spark with winding and zigzag branches. It is the strongest lightning and poses the greatest threat to power, telecommunications systems, people, animals and buildings. 【 details 】

Spherical lightning

Spherical lightning is the most wonderful, rare and mysterious kind of lightning. It is composed of a spherical luminous body as big as a fist or as big as a football. When it appears, it may cause a terrible explosion. 【 details 】

Chain lightning

Chain lightning is rare. It is a shining dotted line, like a chain. It seems to be a transitional form between linear lightning and spherical lightning. 【 details 】

Thunder and lightning are also active

Make nitrogen fertilizer

It is estimated that 400 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer fall to the ground every year due to lightning alone. If all these nitrogen fertilizers fall on the land, it is equivalent to applying about two kilograms of nitrogen per mu of land, equivalent to ten kilograms of ammonium sulfate! 【 details 】

Promote biological growth

Strong potential difference enhances photosynthesis and respiration of plants. The plant growth and metabolism are particularly vigorous within 1~2 days after thunderstorm. In case of 5-6 thunderstorms during crop growth period, the maturity period will be nearly a week earlier. 【 details 】

Manufacture of negative oxygen ions

Negative oxygen ions, also known as air vitamins, can play a role in disinfection, sterilization and air purification. After the thunderstorm, the high concentration of negative oxygen ions in the air makes the air particularly fresh, and people feel relaxed and happy. 【 details 】

Pollution-free energy

A single lightning discharge can reach 1 billion to 1 billion joules. The Chinese idiom has the word "thunderbolt". With this huge impact, you can tamp the soft base and save a lot of energy for construction projects. 【 details 】

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