At present, Yunnan is encountering a serious drought once in 60 years, and the whole province is going all out to fight against the drought.

Qin Guangrong, deputy to the National People's Congress and governor of Yunnan Province, who is attending the third session of the 11th National People's Congress in Beijing, said that drought relief is the top priority of Yunnan's work at present. The drought further exposed the outstanding problems of water regime in Yunnan. In recent years, great achievements have been made in the construction of water conservancy infrastructure in Yunnan, but there is still a big gap compared with the needs of the development situation. The severe drought has forced Yunnan to resolve to strengthen the construction of water conservancy infrastructure and fundamentally solve the problem of water shortage in Yunnan.

Last year was also a very difficult year for Yunnan. When reviewing the Government Work Report, Qin Guangrong said with emotion that the work of Yunnan in the past year can be summarized in three sentences: very difficult, very hard, and very effective.

When talking about difficulties, Qin Guangrong said that the international financial crisis has brought serious impact on Yunnan, which is mainly manifested in: slowing economic growth, innovative low industrial growth, business difficulties, negative financial growth, a sharp decline in foreign trade, and great pressure to stabilize employment.

"Since this year, Yunnan has successively encountered major difficulties such as the tension between supply and demand of coal, electricity, oil, transportation, earthquake disasters, and the serious drought once in 60 years, which has greatly affected the economic and social development and people's life of Yunnan." Qin Guangrong said that since July last year, the average precipitation in Yunnan has decreased by 30% over the same period of years, It broke the minimum record since the meteorological records were available, with some states and cities in central Yunnan decreasing by as much as 50%. The temperature in the same period was 2 ℃ higher than the average temperature for many years, which also broke the highest record since there were meteorological records. The continuous low rainfall and high temperature have led to drought in Yunnan since October last year. The drought has a wide scope, a long duration and a deep degree of loss, which is rare in Yunnan history.

According to the prediction of the meteorological department, there is still no significant large-scale precipitation process in Yunnan before the middle of May, the drought will continue and the disaster will be aggravated.

Yunnan, located in the southwest border of China, is a province with large water resources, ranking the third in China in terms of total water resources. Qin Guangrong introduced that from the perspective of water resources development and utilization, Yunnan's water resources have four prominent characteristics and problems:

First, due to the special terrain environment and climate conditions, the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is extremely uneven. Second, the elements are not matched. Water resources do not match the economic development factors such as population and cultivated land. The dam area, which accounts for 6% of the land area of the province, has two-thirds of the population and one-third of the cultivated land, but the amount of water resources is only 5% of the province; The per capita water resources in the important economic zone in central Yunnan are only 700 cubic meters, especially in the Dianchi Lake basin, which is less than 300 cubic meters, and is in a state of extreme water shortage. Third, the level of development and utilization is low. At present, the development and utilization rate of water resources in Yunnan is only 6.9%, less than one third of the national average. Fourth, the task of water resources protection is heavy.

These water regime characteristics, to a large extent, lead to the fact that Yunnan is rich in water resources and poor in water resources, and its water resources security capacity and level are relatively low. The bottleneck restriction of water resource shortage on Yunnan's economic and social development is increasingly prominent.

Qin Guangrong said that the severe drought prompted Yunnan Province to resolve to accelerate the construction of water conservancy infrastructure and improve the rational allocation and utilization system of water resources; The long-term mechanism to promote the government to improve public service capacity and promote the scientific development of water conservancy has gradually formed, fundamentally solving the embarrassing situation of water shortage in provinces with large water resources.