Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 7 Zhou Qiang, President of the Supreme People's Court, delivered a report on the work of the Supreme People's Court to the first session of the 14th National People's Congress on the afternoon of March 7. The summary is as follows:
Main work in the past five years
In the five years since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and under the strong supervision of the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee, the Supreme People's Court has adhered to the guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implemented Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, and comprehensively implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Earnestly study and implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, conscientiously implement the resolutions of the previous sessions of the 13th National People's Congress, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishment", strengthen the "four awareness", firm the "four self-confidence", achieve the "two maintenance", closely focus on the goal of "making people feel fairness and justice in every judicial case", and adhere to serving the overall situation Justice is for the people and fair, faithfully perform the duties entrusted by the Constitution and laws, and promote the work of the people's courts to achieve new changes and development. We conscientiously implemented President Xi Jinping's amnesty order and the decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to grant amnesty to 23593 criminals in accordance with the law. The Supreme People's Court accepted 149000 cases, concluded 145000, formulated 114 judicial interpretations, and issued 119 guiding cases; Local people's courts at all levels and special people's courts accepted 147 million cases, concluded 144 million cases, and closed 37.3 trillion yuan.
1、 Resolutely safeguard national security, social stability and people's peace
We fully implemented the overall national security concept, adhered to the criminal policy of tempering justice with mercy, concluded 5.906 million criminal cases in the first instance, and sentenced 7.761 million criminals.
We will resolutely safeguard national political security. We will severely punish all kinds of crimes involving infiltration, subversion, sabotage, violent terror, ethnic division, religious extremism, etc. Trials of Shi Zhengping, Li Mengju, Li Henri, Shatar Shawuti and other cases severely punish criminals who spy, steal secrets, finance criminal activities endangering national security and attempt to split the country.
We will resolutely maintain social stability. In accordance with the law, 261000 people have concluded 39000 cases involving mafia and evil. Sun Xiaoguo, Du Shaoping, Chen Huimin and Huang Hongfa were sentenced and executed according to law. The implementation of "black finance" reached 246.1 billion yuan. We have concluded 238000 cases of serious violent crimes such as intentional homicide, rape, robbery, kidnapping, arson and explosion, 274000 people, and 347000 cases of drug-related crimes 442000 people. Criminal cases and serious violent crimes in China have continued to decline on the whole, and people's sense of security has increased significantly.
Punish corruption crimes according to law. There were 119000 cases of job-related crimes, including corruption and bribery, and 139000 people. 92 former cadres in charge, including Sun Zhengcai, were severely punished according to law, and life imprisonment was applied to Zhao Zhengyong, Sun Lijun, Wang Like, Fu Zhenghua, Liu Yanping, etc. according to law. Lai Xiaomin was sentenced and executed according to law. We concluded 12000 bribery cases and 13000 people, and severely punished the bribery crimes of repeatedly offering bribes, offering huge amounts of bribes, and "hunting" cadres for a long time. 979 cases involving the return of fugitives such as Xu Chaofan to stand trial were heard. Cheng Sanchang, who had long fled, was tried in absentia. It was decided to confiscate the illegal gains of corrupt persons who died or fled, such as Zhang Zhengxin and Peng Xufeng, and the "legal net" for pursuing and recovering stolen goods became tighter and tighter.
Punish information network crimes according to law. 226000 cases of telecommunications network fraud and related crimes were concluded, and a number of large cross-border telecommunications network fraud criminals were brought to justice. We will crack down on online gambling crimes and severely punish the defendants in cross-border gambling criminal syndicates such as Zhang Ningning. Trials of cases involving network "water army", network "black public relations" and other cases will be strictly punished for spreading false information and harming the network ecology.
Punish according to law crimes that endanger the vital interests of the masses. We concluded 30000 cases of crimes against food and drug safety, 46000 people, severely punished counterfeiters who were greedy for profits and derelicts who abused their power, and safeguarded people's table safety and drug safety. We launched a special campaign to crack down on medical insurance fraud and severely punished the organizers behind the scenes and professional insurance fraudsters. We severely cracked down on pension fraud, sentenced 4523 criminals and recovered 3.19 billion yuan of stolen goods.
Safeguard public security according to law. 20000 people concluded 11000 cases of crimes against production safety, and sentenced a number of persons responsible for major production safety accidents to heavy sentences. Judicial policies have been issued to promote comprehensive treatment of safety concerns such as throwing objects at heights, stealing manhole covers, and impeding safe driving.
2、 Serve according to law, build a new development pattern, and promote high-quality development
Completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, conclude 24.723 million commercial cases in the first instance, maintain market order and optimize the legal environment.
The law helps stabilize the economy and increase confidence. We introduced 20 policies to help small and medium-sized enterprises develop, and promoted the solution of the pressing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as squeezing the space for survival and development, defaulting on accounts, and so on. We issued 30 articles to promote consumption, severely punished "overlord clause", consumption fraud, prepaid consumption trap and other behaviors, and promoted the enhancement of consumer confidence. We introduced 14 articles on stable employment, defined the salary judgment standard for home office or flexible office, protected the legitimate rights and interests of college graduates during their probation and probation, and balanced the rights and interests of employers and workers. Properly resolved 779000 epidemic related disputes such as contract performance and store leasing, and helped large, medium, small and micro enterprises to make mutual understanding and compromise, keep watch and help each other to overcome difficulties. We will actively coordinate small and medium-sized enterprises and self-employed businesses affected by the epidemic to perform their debts in the form of deferred payment, installment payment, etc., and encourage owners or creditors to reduce or remit rent and overdue interest by applying the provisions of the Civil Code such as force majeure and change of circumstances. Adhere to good faith and civilized justice, and try to use "live seal and buckle" for the property that should be sealed and preserved according to law, effectively releasing the use value and financing function of the sealed property involved in 3.61 million cases. The enterprise credit was repaired 1.79 million times in a timely manner, and the compulsory measures were suspended for 130000 enterprises. Through a series of flexible measures of "releasing water and raising fish", trustworthy enterprises were freed from difficulties and went into battle light.
Service by law and innovation drive development. 2.194 million intellectual property cases of first instance were concluded, an increase of 221.1% year on year. We will hear high-tech cases involving 5G communications, new energy and new materials, high-end equipment manufacturing, and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in key core technologies, emerging industries, and key fields. The judicial interpretation of the right to new plant varieties was introduced. Opinions on strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicine were issued. We increased punitive damages, and the amount of compensation for IPR infringement cases in 2022 increased by 153% compared with 2018. The specialized trial system of intellectual property in China has basically taken shape.
Serve according to law and optimize the business environment. The quality of judicial procedures remains the world leader, making positive contributions to China's business environment world ranking. In accordance with the law, the retrial of 209 major cases involving criminal wrongs and wrongs involving property rights, such as the Zhang Wenzhong case, was conducted to correct 283 people, 6250 business operators in custody were changed to apply compulsory measures such as obtaining a guarantor pending trial and residential surveillance, and 290 business operators involved were acquitted according to the law. Carry forward the spirit of contract through judicial adjudication and encourage honest transactions.
Maintain fair market competition in accordance with the law. 29000 cases of monopoly and unfair competition were concluded. We will strengthen the judicial protection of traditional brands, time-honored brands, and well-known trademarks, try cases involving trademark rights and unfair competition such as "Wuchang Rice", "Qinzhou Yellow Millet", and "Yunnan Baiyao", and stop "being close to famous brands" and "hitchhiking". Say no to "green pepper", "honeysuckle" and other "porcelain like rights protection", support legal operators and let illegal operators be punished.
Promote the healthy development of the digital economy in accordance with the law. Hearing big data ownership transaction, unfair competition of public data and other cases, and clarifying the judicial protection rules for data rights. Punish the abuse of data, algorithms and other behaviors to eliminate and restrict competition, and resolutely stop "big data killing", forced "one out of two" and other "store bully" behaviors. We will standardize new formats and models such as live broadcast with goods and pay on demand, protect innovative operations, and punish illegal profit seeking.
We will create a sound environment for financial rule of law. We concluded 101000 financial crime cases and 10.377 million financial civil and commercial cases. The judicial protection ceiling of private lending interest rates was significantly lowered to reduce the financing cost of the real economy. We have issued judicial interpretations to punish crimes such as illegal fund-raising and manipulation of the securities and futures markets, and have zero tolerance for capital market crimes such as financial fraud and "rat positions". The judicial interpretation of securities class action lawsuit was issued to protect the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized investors. 55000 investors in the Kangmei Pharmaceutical case received 2.459 billion yuan of compensation through the special representative lawsuit. Judicial security opinions have been issued on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, the Growth Enterprise Board and the Beijing Stock Exchange.
Promote efficient allocation of market element resources. We concluded 47000 bankruptcy cases, involving 6.3 trillion yuan of creditor's rights. We realized the rebirth of highly indebted enterprises that still have market potential through legal restructuring, declared bankruptcy of enterprises that are insolvent and hopeless to rescue, and realized market clearance. We concluded 2801 bankruptcy reorganization cases, revitalized 3.4 trillion yuan of assets, helped 3285 enterprises get out of trouble, and stabilized 923000 employees' jobs.
Serve rural revitalization and regional coordinated development in accordance with the law. We introduced judicial policies to serve poverty alleviation, rural revitalization and agricultural and rural modernization. We will hear cases involving the "separation of three rights" of rural land in accordance with the law, support the orderly circulation of land management rights in accordance with the law, and ensure the legitimate land rights and interests of farmers who have settled in cities. Follow up the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the new pattern of western development, the overall revitalization of the Northeast, the high-quality development of the central region, the construction of Xiong'an New Area and other major strategies, and formulate judicial service policies.
Serve the construction of ecological civilization according to law. We concluded 1.293 million environmental and resource cases, and 17000 environmental public interest litigation cases, helping to fight the battle of blue sky, clear water, and pure land. We will strengthen judicial protection of biodiversity. We will improve the judicial policy for ecological protection and restoration of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and work together to protect the "mother river". It was ordered to replant more than 90.85 million trees and release more than 510 million fish fry. The judicial protection of cultural relics and cultural heritage was strengthened. The case of "Ancestor Zhang Gong" sitting on a Buddha statue in his flesh created a new way to pursue the lost overseas cultural relics through domestic civil litigation. A trial organization system for environmental resources with Chinese characteristics has been basically established, and China's environmental justice is playing an increasingly important role in global environmental governance.
Serve the country in accordance with the law and open up to the outside world at a high level. We concluded 95000 foreign-related commercial cases and 76000 maritime cases. The judicial service policy was introduced around the high-quality co construction of the "Belt and Road", the pilot free trade zone and the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port. We will implement the national treatment plus negative list system before foreign investment access, and equally protect the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese and foreign investors. We will improve the professional trial mechanism for international railway transport cases such as the China Europe Express. The construction of an international maritime justice center has been promoted. China's advantages in maritime justice, such as fairness, efficiency and transparency, have been fully demonstrated. More and more foreign parties have taken the initiative to choose Chinese courts for jurisdiction.
3、 Adhere to the road of justice with Chinese characteristics for the people
We thoroughly practiced the principle of justice for the people, implemented the Civil Code, concluded 45.833 million civil cases in the first instance, and earnestly safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of the people.
We will comprehensively strengthen the protection of personality rights. 875000 cases of personality disputes were concluded. In the judicial policy, we should improve the provisions such as the injunction of infringement of personality rights and the order of personal safety protection. The judicial interpretation of face recognition was issued to hear cases of infringement of neighborhood privacy by visual doorbell, infringement of personal information by scanning code and ordering meals, and private collection of user information by social software, so as to build a "firewall" for privacy and personal information protection. Hearing the cases of infringement on the reputation of Yu Min, the "father of hybrid rice" Yuan Longping, and other meritorious deeds of "two bombs and one star", to protect human dignity from cyber violence. Hearing the case of "AI Companion" software infringing the right of personality, it was determined that the unauthorized use of other people's images to create virtual characters constituted infringement. Through a series of judicial policies and fair judgments, human face safety is guaranteed, privacy is protected from intrusion, reputation and honor are not slandered, personal interests are more valued, and human value and dignity are fully respected and protected by law.
We will ensure that people live and work in peace and contentment. 22.241 million people's livelihood cases involving education, employment, medical care, old-age care and housing were concluded. We issued opinions on safeguarding the rights and interests of workers in new forms of employment, and promoted the resolution of problems such as difficult identification of labor relations, no compensation for work-related injuries, and zero payment of social security, so as to ensure dignity and security for new practitioners such as express delivery boys and takeaway riders. Properly heard 4.604 million real estate dispute cases, gave priority to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of buyers with immediate and improved needs in accordance with the law, and helped ensure delivery, people's livelihood, and stability.
Maintain family harmony and happiness. We concluded 8.961 million marriage and family cases, and worked hard to keep "small family" harmony and protect "everyone" stability. We will work with the All China Women's Federation and others to deepen the reform of family trials and improve the mechanism for protecting the rights and interests of women and children. More efforts were made to obtain evidence for domestic violence cases ex officio, and 13000 personal safety protection orders were issued in a timely manner. We will hear the support cases of the "empty nest" elderly and remarried elderly, support the spiritual support request of the elderly, respect the happiness and freedom of the elderly in their old age, and make children go home to see it consciously.
Care for the healthy growth of children. We will implement the principle of "being most beneficial to minors" and improve the socialist juvenile justice system with Chinese characteristics. Efforts were made to educate and rehabilitate the juvenile delinquents, and the number of juvenile criminals sentenced was reduced from 56000 in 2013 to 28000 in 2022. There is no tolerance for crimes against minors, and those who should be sentenced severely shall be firmly sentenced according to law. Strictly implement the employment prohibition system for offenders against minors according to law. Through the family education order, we urge parents to "bring their children in accordance with the law". We will carry out a pilot program of the judicial and administrative, family, school and community protection linkage mechanism to jointly protect the future of the motherland.
Safeguard the interests of national defense and the legitimate rights and interests of military families in accordance with the law. We concluded 2503 military related criminal cases. Complete the task of judicial service guarantee related to military suspension and compensation on schedule. Properly solve the problems concerning the law in the families of border guards, and reduce the worries of border guards who defend their families. Criminals who slander the "Ice Sculpture Company to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea" and desecrate the heroes defending the country's borders will be severely punished according to law, and the dignity and honor of the heroes will be resolutely defended, and the noble and upright spirit of respecting heroes will be held high in the whole society.
We will safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of compatriots living in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. We concluded 121000 cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, 46000 cases involving mutual legal assistance between Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and 44000 cases involving overseas Chinese. Basically realize the full coverage of civil and commercial judicial assistance between the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. We issued suggestions on the construction of the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area and Qianhai Hengqin Cooperation Zone. We formulated 36 articles on judicial preference for Taiwan, and equally protected the legitimate rights and interests of Taiwanese enterprises. We will promote cross-border online case filing and online diversified settlement of disputes involving overseas Chinese, and build a "heart to heart bridge" to safeguard the rights and interests of overseas Chinese.
It is convenient for the masses to resolve conflicts efficiently. Adhere to and develop the "Maple Bridge Experience" in the new era, build a one-stop diversified dispute resolution and litigation service system with Chinese characteristics, and provide menu based, intensive and one-stop dispute resolution services. Build a diversified dispute resolution mechanism. A new pattern of "total to total" online diversified mediation covering 12 fields was formed. Since the opening of the People's Court mediation platform, 96000 mediation organizations and 372000 mediators have settled in, and 38.32 million disputes have been mediated online. Online connection with 76000 grass-roots governance units, embedded in villages, communities and grids, and timely resolve conflicts and disputes at the grass-roots level and in the bud. Provide modern litigation services that are inclusive and equal. The online service platform of the People's Court provides "all in one network" services such as case filing, payment, mediation, court session and execution. Cross regional registration service outlets cover urban and rural areas, providing 167000 cross regional registration services. 448000 lawyers and grass-roots legal service workers registered to use the lawyer service platform, and handled 8.84 million cases of online application, examination, investigation and evidence collection. Optimize online intensive trial auxiliary services. The online security platform handled 1.23 million pieces of security, with a target amount of 4 trillion yuan. The average appraisal period of the entrusted appraisal system is 26 working days, which is 1/3 shorter than offline. 170 million electronic documents were delivered. The one-stop diversified dispute resolution and litigation service system has truly solved the concerns of the masses, lightened the burden on judges and accelerated justice.
We will strengthen the construction of people's courts in the new era. We will vigorously create "maple bridge style people's courts", and 10050 people's courts will take root at the grassroots level, actively promoting urban and rural grassroots governance and building a safe and rule of law countryside. Inherit and carry forward the Ma Xiwu trial method, rely on horse back courts and car courts to carry out circuit trials, and unblock the "last mile" of judicial services for the masses.
Consolidate and expand the achievements of basic solutions to difficulties in implementation. Win the three-year battle to basically solve the difficulties in implementation, and continue to consolidate the achievements of the battle. 45.773 million cases were accepted, 45.121 million cases were closed, and 9.4 trillion yuan was executed. The network execution inspection and control system conducts one click query and online control of 16 types of property of the person subjected to execution nationwide. The online judicial auction concluded more than 2 trillion yuan, saving 62.14 billion yuan in commissions for the parties. The joint credit punishment system has made the dishonest executors "one dishonest and limited", and 9.18 million people have voluntarily fulfilled their obligations under the pressure of credit punishment. RMB 62.68 billion was paid for livelihood related cases. We will continue to implement comprehensive measures to address difficulties and address problems at the source. The system and mechanism of implementation with Chinese characteristics have become more sound, and the implementation mode has undergone fundamental changes, which has effectively promoted the construction of a society under the rule of law and a society of integrity.
We will strengthen publicity and education on the rule of law. We will strengthen the interpretation of the law through cases and guide the people to strengthen their sense of the rule of law. Activities such as sending the French to government offices, schools, villages, communities, enterprises and camps were widely carried out. Directed the creation of TV series "The Bottom Line", "The Court in the Sun" and other works, and demonstrated the achievements of building a new era of China ruled by law in a way popular with the masses.
4、 Firmly defend the last line of defense to safeguard social fairness and justice
Keep in mind that fairness and justice are the soul and life of justice, always take facts as the basis and laws as the criterion, adhere to strict and fair justice, and safeguard and promote social fairness and justice.
Adhere to the unity of national laws, natural principles and human relations. Firmly establish the socialist judicial concept of the new era, resolutely correct the mechanical justice and handle cases. Revise the sentence and approve the death penalty of the defendant in the case of passion fruit girl murder in accordance with the law, properly try the "Parrot case", "Orchard case" and "Gun purchase case for the preparation of the Anti Japanese War Memorial Exhibition", so as to ensure that serious crimes are severely punished, minor crimes are lightly punished, and innocence is not subject to criminal investigation, so that judicial decisions truly conform to the simple concept of fairness and justice in the hearts of the people.
We will resolutely safeguard the dignity and authority of the law. We will implement the death penalty policy of the Party and the state, and will never tolerate crimes that challenge the bottom line of law and morality and seriously endanger the people and social security. If the death penalty should be imposed on those who are guilty of crimes, we will resolutely impose and approve the death penalty according to law. Strictly control the quality of death penalty cases, make innocent judgments in the first instance of the Tao Xue case and Fan Taiying case with unclear facts and insufficient evidence, and refuse to approve the death penalty in the Xiong Qiubao case according to law, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of major unjust and wrong cases.
We will strengthen judicial protection of human rights. We adhered to the principle of seeking truth from facts and correcting all mistakes. We corrected 53 people in 26 major criminal cases, including the Five Week Case and the Zhang Yuhuan Case, in accordance with the law. In accordance with the principles of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime, no evidence for a suspected crime, etc., 2675 defendants in public prosecution cases and 2097 defendants in private prosecution cases were acquitted in accordance with the law. We will strengthen the protection of the defendant's right to defense and the lawyer's right to practice, promote the full coverage of lawyers' defense, and fully implement the legal aid system for death penalty review cases. "Correcting unjust and wrong cases according to law" was written into the third historical resolution of the Party.
Promote socialist core values. In the trial of Zhu Zhenbiao's case of chasing the hit and run, the case of dissuading smoking in the doctor's elevator, the case of escorting the community's security guards to send a doctor, and the case of rescuing the elderly from breaking their ribs, in the face of conflicts and rights and wrongs, we will not shy away, be unambiguous, and not yield. We will stand firmly in support of courageous acts of righteousness and firmly oppose "peace and mud". Hearing the death case of picking red bayberry from a tree without permission, the case of high-speed rail dominating the seat, and the claim case of escaping from the "overlord meal", let those who are willing to risk bear their own responsibility, let those who are immoral and disorderly bear the consequences, and guide social members to enhance public awareness and rule awareness. In the new era, the judiciary should settle disputes, clearly distinguish between right and wrong, eliminate vice and promote virtue, and strive to make law secure the world and virtue run the hearts of the people.
Safeguard and promote social equity. We will strengthen the unity of judgment standards, and effectively prevent fairness and justice from being discounted due to differences in regions, urban and rural areas, and industries. The judicial interpretation was revised to unify the calculation of compensation for personal injury according to the standards for urban residents. We will hear cases of female employees who are pregnant and dismissed, and graduates who suffer from regional discrimination in their job search, and resolutely correct unreasonable restrictions and employment discrimination that affect equal employment. In conjunction with the China Disabled Persons' Federation and others, we issued suggestions on strengthening the judicial protection of the disabled, and strengthened the guarantee for the equal participation of the disabled in social life.
Supervise and support administration according to law. We concluded 1.384 million first instance administrative cases and reviewed 1.074 million administrative non litigation enforcement cases. We will intensify the trial of housing, land, social security and other cases that affect the vital interests of the people, and promote the solution of the people's urgent problems. We will explore centralized jurisdiction over administrative cases and eliminate the "host and guest" phenomenon of administrative litigation. We will promote the appearance of persons in charge of administrative organs in court to respond to lawsuits and promote the substantive resolution of administrative disputes.
Promote justice through openness and build public trust. The four open platforms of trial process, trial activities, judicial documents and execution information enable judicial activities to operate in the sun, so that fairness and justice can be realized in a visible way. The more the public pays attention to cases, the more they are actively open in accordance with the law, so that the people can supervise judicial activities, and make the trial of hot cases a public lesson in the rule of law shared by the whole people. An open, dynamic, transparent and convenient sunshine judicial mechanism has been formed.
5、 Significant progress has been made in judicial system reform and smart court construction
140 reform initiatives were implemented to promote the deep integration of judicial adjudication and modern science and technology, and to achieve a profound reshaping of the judicial system and capacity.
Comprehensive reform of the judicial system was advanced. We will fully and accurately implement the judicial responsibility system, and improve the operation system of judicial power with clear powers and responsibilities, unified powers and responsibilities, orderly supervision, and effective constraints. We will deepen the reform of the judge post system and promote the dynamic adjustment of judges' posts. Promote the compulsory retrieval system of similar cases and promote the unification of law application. We will promote the reform of the trial centered litigation system. We completed the pilot reform of the separation of complex and simple civil procedures, and carried out the pilot reform of the trial level function orientation of four level courts in an orderly manner. We improved the system of people's assessors, and people's assessors participated in 12.664 million cases.
The court organizational system is more perfect. We will deepen the reform of the circuit courts of the Supreme People's Court, and better achieve the goals of moving down the focus of the highest judicial organ, resolving disputes on the spot, and facilitating mass litigation. Establish the International Commercial Court of the Supreme People's Court and the system of international commercial expert committee. The Intellectual Property Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court uniformly hears patent and other technical intellectual property and monopoly appeals nationwide. Nanjing Maritime Court and Hainan Free Trade Port Intellectual Property Court were added, and Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu Chongqing financial courts were built with high starting point and high standard. The people's court organizational system was more suitable for the needs of national development strategy.
Smart courts accelerate the reform of judicial model. Build a smart court with full business online processing, full process disclosure according to law, and full range of intelligent services. Since the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, the courts nationwide have registered 29.96 million cases online, held 5.04 million court sessions, exchanged 8.19 million pieces of evidence, executed 5.93 million pieces of evidence in different places, and received 150000 visits, realizing "continuous trial execution, fairness and justice". The smart court has become the bright color of China's justice in the world.
Internet justice creates new models and rules. It was the first to introduce the "three rules" of online litigation, online mediation and online operation of the people's court. Formulate opinions on judicial application of blockchain. Issue opinions on the judicial application of artificial intelligence, and make it clear that artificial intelligence can only assist and not replace judges. China's Internet justice has moved from a technology leader to a rule leader.
6、 Forge a loyal, clean and responsible court army
Strengthen political construction and consolidate political loyalty. We will unswervingly use Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to solidify our hearts and forge our souls, and insist on taking the Party's innovative theory as the first lesson of police induction education and the compulsory course of youth theoretical arming. We will steadily carry out education on the theme of "never forget the original intention and keep the mission in mind" and education on learning the history of the Party. Vigorously promote the people's court culture in the new era with the main content of "loyalty for the people, respect for law and morality, impartiality, integrity, reform and innovation". 2363 collectives and 2799 individuals of courts across the country were commended and rewarded by the central and state organs. 95 judges, including Li Qingjun, Hu Guoyun, Zhou Chunmei, Wei Jingjing, Yang Jun, Teng Qigang and Bao Weizhong, died in their jobs. They are loyal defenders of the trial cause of the Republic, and they have defended fairness and justice with selfless dedication and even life.
Strengthen capacity building and improve the judicial level. 9.756 million police were trained online and offline. Strengthen the training of judicial talents in intellectual property, Internet, finance, foreign affairs and other fields. Three judges of the Supreme People's Court were elected to the United Nations Appeals Tribunal, the Dispute Tribunal and the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization. We trained 2373 bilingual judges to meet the judicial needs of people in ethnic minority areas.
Strengthen the construction of discipline style and ensure a clean judiciary. Adhere to the principle of "blade inward", "bone scraping" and "poison treatment", carry out in-depth education and rectification of the court team, and the court team has been unprecedentedly refined. Strictly implement the spirit of the eight central provisions and their implementation rules, and strengthen judicial inspection and judicial supervision. To change the judicial style, presidents and team members of the four level courts throughout the country went to the township people's courts to stay in court, learn from the masses and help the masses resolve disputes. Strictly implement the "three provisions" to prevent judicial interference. We will severely punish judicial corruption with a zero tolerance attitude, tighten the system cage, strictly enforce the iron rules and prohibitions, deepen the treatment of both symptoms and root causes, and persevere in cultivating a clean and upright spirit.
To accept the supervision of the National People's Congress in accordance with the law and strictly implement the laws and resolutions made by the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Report to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the resolution of difficulties in implementation, receive special inquiries, and report on criminal, civil, intellectual property, foreign-related and other judicial work in the new era. 1965 representative suggestions and 1861 daily suggestions were translated into specific measures to promote the high-quality development of court work. Representatives of the National People's Congress were invited to inspect 37 batches of courts, and 3605 people listened to their opinions by inviting them to attend the trial committee as nonvoting delegates and attending symposiums. In terms of ensuring food and drug safety, punishing medical injuries caused by violence, preventing domestic violence, protecting trade secrets, etc., we fully adopted representative opinions and improved judicial policies. Consciously accept the democratic supervision of the CPPCC, the democratic parties, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, and people without party affiliation. 819 CPPCC proposals were handled, and 1211 CPPCC members were visited and received. Attend the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) two-week consultation forum to discuss good policies on improving the quality and efficiency of foreign-related law enforcement and protecting the rights and interests of minors. To accept the legal supervision of procuratorial organs in accordance with the law and jointly safeguard judicial justice. Widely accept social supervision and respond to social concerns in a timely manner.
The new changes and new developments in the work of the people's courts in the new era are rooted in the fact that General Secretary Xi Jinping is the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the whole Party is at the helm. The fundamental reason lies in the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era, which is a vivid practice of Xi Jinping's rule of law in the judicial field.
Looking back on the history of the people's courts in the past five years and the decade of the new era, we are more convinced that the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics is becoming wider and wider, and the prospect of rule of law in China is infinitely bright. We adhere to the principle of integrity and innovation, keep pace with the times, and have a deeper understanding and experience of doing a good job in the work of the people's courts: we must adhere to the absolute leadership of the Party over judicial work; We must adhere to serving the overall situation, justice for the people, and fair justice; We must combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue; We must adhere to the dual wheel drive of judicial system reform and smart court construction; We must adhere to the principle of running the Party and the hospital strictly all the time; We must ensure that judicial power is always exercised under supervision to serve the Party and the people.
There are still some problems and difficulties in the work of the people's courts. First, there is still a gap in the level of judicial capacity. More efforts are needed to modernize the judicial system and capacity. Second, the comprehensive reform of the judicial system is not balanced and in place. Third, the quality and efficiency of trial execution in some cases are not high and the effect is not good. Fourth, the situation of building a clean and honest government and combating corruption is still grim and complex. Fifth, there is a shortage of specialized talents in some judicial fields.
Work suggestions for 2023
First, we will unswervingly follow the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, guided by Xi Jinping's rule of law thought. We will steadily carry out theme education deployed by the CPC Central Committee in courts across the country, and use Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thought, will, and action. Comprehensively strengthen the political construction of the Party, and resolutely uphold the core, be absolutely loyal, listen to the Party's command, and be brave to take responsibility. Adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people's ownership of the country, and the rule of law, and build a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law.
Second, better coordinate development and security, and serve high-level security and high-quality development in accordance with the law. We will crack down on infiltration, sabotage, subversion and separatist activities by hostile forces at home and abroad. We will promote the normalization of anti mafia and anti evil activities. We will punish crimes in the fields of food, finance, energy and resources in accordance with the law. We will increase punishment for bribery crimes. Strengthen the protection of personal information and severely punish information network crimes. We will earnestly implement the "two unswervingly" policy, issue an opinion on optimizing the rule of law environment to promote the development and growth of the private economy, fully implement the principle of equal protection, resolutely prevent interference in economic disputes by criminal means, resolutely stop illegal acts that infringe on the personality rights of enterprise families, and resolutely protect the legitimate property rights and interests of private enterprises and entrepreneurs. For cases of infringement of property rights of private enterprises and the rights and interests of entrepreneurs, strengthen supervision and guidance, and resolutely correct wrong cases once found. We will improve judicial policies on property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. We will strengthen the administration of justice against monopoly and unfair competition. Implement the coordinated development strategy of service regions. We will strengthen environmental and resource trials. Build a higher level foreign-related trial system. Adhere to high-quality judicial services and high-quality development, so that property rights and intellectual property rights can be more judicially guaranteed, contract performance can be more effective, and innovation vitality can be more stimulated.
The third is to adhere to the people as the center, and solidly promote justice for the people and fair justice. Listen to the voice of the masses and constantly meet the needs of the masses for fairness and justice. We will effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of women, children, the elderly and the disabled. We will strengthen the protection of labor rights and interests and protect workers in new forms of employment. Practice and promote core socialist values. Improve the comprehensive efficiency of one-stop diversified dispute resolution and litigation service system. Strive towards the goal of solving the difficulties in implementation. Work hard to protect military rights with emotion. We will strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of compatriots living in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. We will improve the public interest litigation system. We will strengthen trial supervision and guidance, strengthen judicial protection for human rights, and ensure strict and fair justice.
Fourth, deepen the reform of the judicial system and accelerate the modernization of the judicial system and capacity. We will deepen the comprehensive reform of the judicial system, fully and accurately implement the judicial responsibility system, and accelerate the construction of a fair, efficient, and authoritative socialist judicial system. We will deepen the reform of the trial centered litigation system. Standardize the operation of judicial power and strengthen the supervision of judicial activities. Deepen the construction of smart courts and improve the Internet judicial model with Chinese characteristics.
Fifthly, we should adhere to strict governance of the Party and the courts in an all-round way, and strengthen the construction of the court team. We will strengthen political supervision, consolidate the achievements of court team education and rectification, and firmly build political loyalty. We will optimize the classified management of judicial personnel and increase the training of judicial personnel in short supply. Support the construction of basic courts in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas and border areas. We will unswervingly fight against corruption through strict conduct and discipline, and forge an iron army of people's courts that can shoulder heavy responsibilities.
[Editor in charge: Xu Xuan]
