The main raw materials of coarse pottery are fusible clay or refractory clay with high iron, titanium and flux content. Fine pottery is mainly made of refractory clay, feldspar and quartz with low iron and titanium and white after burning. Some products can also be made of raw materials with high iron and titanium content and red or brown color after burning, and white clay or opaque glaze can be applied on the surface of the body to cover the body color. Glazed architectural ceramic products are covered with a layer of glass glaze on the surface of the body, which can play a role in waterproofing, decoration, cleaning and improving durability. In addition to coarse pottery, natural minerals such as clay, feldspar, quartz, limestone, dolomite, talc, magnesite, borax, lepidolite, celestite, barite and perlite with low iron and titanium content, as well as lead, zinc, potassium, sodium, boron, barium, strontium and other raw materials are generally selected as the basic components of glaze, and tin, zirconium, titanium, antimony Cerium oxide and zirconium silicate are used as turbidity agents, and oxides or salts containing iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, chromium, selenium, cadmium, praseodymium, vanadium, etc. are used as coloring materials. The forming methods of architectural ceramics include molding, extrusion, dry pressing, pouring, isostatic pressing, calendering and electrophoresis. The firing process includes primary and secondary firing. The types of kilns used include intermittent inverted flame square kilns, round kilns, wheel kilns, and continuous tunnel kilns, roller hearth kilns, mesh belt kilns, etc. Common products use coal, firewood, heavy oil and residual oil as fuel, while advanced products use coal gas and natural gas as fuel.