Recently, at the foot of Huangshan Mountain in southern Anhui Province, the rural mid season rice has matured, and the Hui style houses with white walls and black tiles complement each other, outlining a golden harvest in autumn. Photographed by Shi Guangde/Guangming

The Youth League Municipal Committee of Hejian City, Hebei Province organized young volunteers to carry out "micro love relay" volunteer assistance public welfare activities for rural left behind children. Shen Jizhong

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the rural reform forum held in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province that the solution to various contradictions and problems faced by agricultural and rural development depends on deepening reform. The "Red Boat Spirit", which bears the spirit of initiative, struggle and dedication, is the source of Chinese revolutionary spirits such as Jinggangshan Spirit, Long March Spirit and Yan'an Spirit, and is also the source of Chinese reform spirits such as the spirit of big undertaking, the spirit of Xiaogang and the spirit of Shen Hao, which originated from Anhui. It is also a powerful spiritual force to comprehensively deepen rural reform and promote rural revitalization in the new era.

Forty years ago, Xiaogang's big responsibility opened the curtain of China's rural reform. Today, standing at a new historical starting point, we need to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, vigorously promote the "Red Boat Spirit", comprehensively deepen rural reform, solidly promote rural revitalization, activate the strong endogenous power of rural revitalization, stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of farmers, and make agriculture a promising industry, Let farmers become attractive occupations, and let the countryside become a beautiful home for living and working in peace and contentment.

　 1. To realize agricultural modernization, we must "dare to venture, dare to try, and dare to be the first"

To comprehensively deepen rural reform, we need to vigorously carry forward the pioneering spirit of pioneering and pioneering, and the spirit of "pioneering, daring to try, daring to be first", take agricultural modernization as the foundation, solidly promote the reform of urban and rural integration, industrial prosperity, green agriculture and other aspects, and make agriculture a promising industry.

"Dare to try, dare to be the first" is the essence of the spirit of "big responsibility", and is the promotion of the "Red Boat Spirit" in the great historical turning period. The spirit of "big responsibility" has promoted ideological emancipation and reform and innovation, and is an important ideological achievement and valuable spiritual wealth of reform and opening up in the new era.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that China must be strong in agriculture if it is to be strong. Agriculture is the primary industry of the countryside and the most basic and demanding industry of the country. The development of modern agriculture cannot be separated from the drive of reform and innovation. It is necessary to constantly eliminate the factors that restrict and hinder rural development, activate rural factors, promote the free flow of urban and rural factors, and cultivate new energy for agricultural development.

In recent years, Anhui Province has made significant progress in coordinating urban and rural development, but there are still defects in the reasonable flow mechanism of urban and rural factors. Whether it is going to the city or the countryside, the channels have not been fully opened up, and there is still unequal exchange of factors. At this stage, the most prominent problem of the large gap between urban and rural areas is the large gap between infrastructure and public services.

To carry forward the pioneering spirit of breaking new ground and daring to be the first and the spirit of "daring to venture, try and be the first", we must take agricultural modernization as the foundation, further emancipate the mind, further emancipate and develop social productivity, further emancipate and enhance social vitality.

By deepening rural reform, we will solidly promote urban-rural integration, resolutely eliminate the drawbacks of systems and mechanisms, dredge the channels for capital, intelligence, technology and management to go to the countryside, use idle resources, wake up sleeping resources, welcome in external resources, provide necessary funds, land and other material conditions for rural revitalization, and accelerate the formation of mutual promotion between industry and agriculture, urban and rural complementarity A new type of industrial and agricultural urban-rural relationship featuring comprehensive integration and common prosperity.

Adhere to the principle of planning first, establish the concept of "urban-rural integration, integrated design, multi regulation integration", take overall consideration of industrial development, population distribution, public services, land use, ecological protection, etc., and enhance the foresight, constraint and guidance of the planning. Adhere to the principle of supporting agriculture with industry and driving rural areas with cities, focus public infrastructure construction on rural areas, promote the joint construction, sharing and connectivity of urban and rural infrastructure, and gradually establish and improve the basic public service system of universal coverage, inclusive sharing, and urban and rural integration.

By deepening rural reform, we will steadily promote industrial prosperity, promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and the agricultural real economy, and cultivate new growth points and form new drivers in the fields of medium and high-end consumption, innovation leadership, green low-carbon, sharing economy, modern supply chain, human capital services, etc.

With farmers as the main body and nostalgia as the link, attract and support entrepreneurs, party and government cadres, experts and scholars, doctors and teachers, planners, architects, lawyers, skilled talents, etc., and engage in rural construction through a variety of ways, such as serving as volunteers in the countryside, investing in entrepreneurship, contracting village projects, practicing medicine and running schools, donating money and materials, and legal services, so as to make people willing to stay in the countryside People who are building their hometown should be reassured, so that those who are willing to return to the countryside will have more confidence.

By deepening rural reform, we will steadily promote green agriculture, build a number of leisure and sightseeing parks, pastoral complexes, forest homes, health care bases, rural homestays, and characteristic towns with complete facilities and diverse functions, promote the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, and make new rural industries and new business types become new highlights of farmers' income growth and new places for urban residents to rest A new carrier for the inheritance of agricultural civilization.

Promote the greening, high-quality, characteristic and branding of agriculture, adjust and optimize the layout of agricultural productivity, protect agricultural products with geographical indications, promote the establishment of agricultural product characteristic advantage areas, develop agricultural products with "three products and one standard", cultivate green brands, create a new pattern of development of one village, one product, one county and one industry, and accelerate the transformation of agriculture from production increase oriented to quality improvement oriented, Accelerate the transformation from a big agricultural country to a powerful agricultural country, and make agriculture a promising industry.

2. To achieve rural prosperity, "dare to create, dare to take responsibility, dare to struggle"

To comprehensively deepen rural reform, we must vigorously carry forward the spirit of steadfast ideals and indomitable struggle and the spirit of "dare to create, dare to take responsibility and dare to struggle". With the goal of rural prosperity, we should solidly promote reforms in rural areas such as good governance, cultural prosperity, and ecological livability, so as to make rural areas a beautiful home for living and working in peace and contentment.

The Xiaogang spirit of "dare to create, dare to take responsibility and dare to struggle" inherits the gene of the "Red Boat Spirit", is also the enrichment and development of the spirit of "big responsibility" in the great practice of reform and opening up, is a cultural landmark of the reform spirit to keep pace with the times, and is a beautiful flower in the hundred gardens of China's reform spirit.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that China must be beautiful in rural areas if it wants to be beautiful. From supporting cities in rural areas to "promoting agriculture with industry and driving rural areas with cities", and then to the integrated development of urban and rural areas, it is impossible to go smoothly, achieve it overnight, or enjoy it or achieve it by beating drums and drums. For Anhui Province, to achieve the first centenary goal and move towards the second centenary goal, the most arduous and arduous task is in the countryside, the most extensive and profound foundation is in the countryside, and the greatest potential and stamina are also in the countryside.

To carry forward the spirit of firm ideals, indomitable struggle and Xiaogang spirit of "dare to create, dare to take responsibility and dare to struggle", it is necessary to aim at the prosperity of rural areas, open up new roads and bridge difficulties, dare to gnaw hard bones, dare to wade into dangerous beaches, dare to attack persistent maladies that have accumulated for many years, and dare to break through the barriers of interest solidification.

By deepening rural reform, we will solidly promote good governance in rural areas, take consolidating the grassroots foundation as a fundamental policy, establish and improve a modern rural social governance system under the leadership of the Party committee, government responsibility, social coordination, public participation, and legal protection, adhere to the combination of autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue, and ensure that rural society is full of vitality, harmony, and order. Strengthen and improve the Party's leadership over the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", ensure that the Party always takes the overall situation and coordinates all parties, improve the Party's ability and level of leadership in rural work in the new era, solidly promote Party building to promote rural revitalization, highlight political functions, improve organizational capacity, focus on the township to promote the village, and build rural grass-roots party organizations into a strong battle fortress.

By deepening rural reform, we will steadily promote cultural prosperity, adhere to the three pronged approach of education, guidance, practice and institutional guarantee, take effective ways consistent with rural characteristics, deepen the publicity and education of Xi Jinping's socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era and socialist core values, and constantly improve the ideological and moral quality of farmers.

Vigorously carry forward the excellent traditional local culture, carry forward the red culture, deeply tap the excellent ideas, humanistic spirit, and moral norms contained in the farming culture, give full play to its important role in rallying people's hearts, educating the masses, and purifying the folk customs, so that the excellent farming civilization can show its charm and style in the new era, and constantly improve the spiritual and cultural outlook of the broad masses of farmers.

By deepening rural reform, we will solidly promote ecological livability, take the reform of ecological civilization system as the driving force, take the green low-carbon circular development as the way, take the paid use of resources as the constraint, take the demonstration of ecological civilization as the guide, and improve the system and mechanism as the guarantee, and comprehensively promote the creation of ecological civilization demonstration, pollution prevention in key areas, green circular low-carbon economy The construction of key projects, such as paid use of resources and ecological compensation, uses modern science and technology and management means to realize the reduction of inputs, the cleaning of production, the recycling of waste, and the ecological development of industrial models, transforming the rural ecological advantages into the advantages of developing ecological economy.

We will implement the three-year action plan for improving the rural residential environment, focus on rural garbage and sewage treatment and improving the appearance of villages, integrate various resources, strengthen various measures, and steadily and orderly promote the governance of prominent problems in rural residential environment. At the same time, we will accelerate the construction of national forest city clusters, green ecological corridors, and plain farmland forest networks, consolidate and expand the achievements of the new ecological compensation system, create a beautiful Yangtze River economic belt with clean water, clean banks, and green industries, create a model for ecological civilization construction, and make the countryside green, clean water, and harmonious villages in the new era, so that the countryside can truly become a beautiful home to live and work in peace and contentment.

　 3. To realize the all-round development of farmers, it is necessary to "serve the people wholeheartedly and make selfless contributions"

To comprehensively deepen rural reform, we must vigorously carry forward the dedication spirit of building the Party for the public and being loyal to the people, carry forward the spirit of "dedication and selfless dedication" embodied in comrade Shen Hao and other party members and cadres, take farmers' all-round development as the purpose, and solidly promote the reform of poverty alleviation, weakness and common prosperity, so as to make farmers an attractive career.

The spirit of "dedication to the people and selfless dedication" is a vivid embodiment of the "Red Boat Spirit" in the Chinese Communist Party in the new era of reform and opening up, a monument to the era of Xiaogang Spirit, and has enriched and developed the era connotation of Xiaogang Spirit.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that China must be rich in order to make farmers rich. As the largest group in society, farmers have less opportunities to obtain average social profits. Anhui Province is a big agricultural province, and farmers are also the largest low-income group, which is an objective fact and an important issue for the economic and social development of Anhui Province.

In the new situation, the main line of deepening rural reform is still to deal with the relationship between farmers and land. No matter how we change it, we cannot change the rural collective ownership of land to collapse, change less cultivated land, weaken the grain production capacity, or damage the interests of farmers. This is the bottom line that we must adhere to.

To carry forward the dedication spirit of building the Party for the public, being loyal to the people and the spirit of "dedication to the people and selfless dedication", we must take the overall development of farmers as the purpose, and plan rural reform ideas from the interests of farmers. What farmers care about and expect, rural reform will seize what, promote what, farmers have calls, and reform should respond, So that rural reform conforms to the wishes of the broad masses of farmers and is supported by the broad masses of farmers.

Through deepening rural reform, we will steadily advance poverty alleviation and become rich, and firmly fight the decisive battle of targeted poverty alleviation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

Adhere to targeted poverty alleviation and targeted poverty alleviation, put improving the quality of poverty alleviation in the first place, take more powerful measures, more concentrated support, and more sophisticated work, improve the basic skills of poor people to develop production, work and business, guide poor people to create a happier and better life with their own hands, and let poor people catch the fast train of well-off and wealthy as soon as possible, We will ensure that no one is left behind in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and that no one is left behind on the road to common prosperity.

By deepening rural reform, we will steadily promote the strengthening of the weak and become rich, and properly handle the relationship between cultivating new agricultural business entities and supporting small-scale farmers' production. We can neither follow the old closed and rigid path, nor take the wrong path of changing our flag; We should not only absorb and learn from international advanced experience, but also copy it; We should neither adopt a unified model, apply one size fits all policies, increase the code level by level, or unilaterally pursue speed, nor carry out large-scale demolition and construction, or engage in wind blowing movement; We should not blindly imitate European and American farms, Japanese and Korean folk villages, and Latin American plantations. We should prevent horse racing to enclose land, resort villages, and rural villas, and prevent crowding out farmers and depriving them of opportunities and interests.

We should give full play to the leading role of new agricultural operators, accelerate the cultivation of various specialized market-oriented service organizations, guide leading enterprises to establish close interest ties with small farmers and cooperatives, realize the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development, and let farmers reasonably share the value-added benefits of the whole industrial chain.

We will steadily promote common prosperity through deepening rural reform, improve the "three rights separation" system of land ownership, contracting rights, and management rights, and protect land management rights on an equal basis on the premise of protecting collective land ownership and farmers' contracting rights in accordance with the law, so that contracting rights can be stabilized and management rights can live.

We will explore the pilot reform of "resources into assets, funds into shares, and farmers into shareholders", with increasing farmers' income as the core, deepening the reform of the rural property rights system as the main line, and on the basis of the liquidation and verification of rural collective assets and the confirmation of collective membership, to accelerate the reform of the joint-stock cooperative system of collective operating assets, Explore the new realization form and operation mechanism of rural collective economy, constantly increase the property income of farmers, and let farmers have more sense of gain, security and happiness.

(Author: Anhui Research Center for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, written by Li Bing and Wang Xiaolong)