Original title: Do a good job in promoting reform through opening up
Core tips
○ Practice has proved that opening up is also reform. Reform and opening up complement each other and are inseparable. Promoting reform and development through opening up is an important magic weapon for China's modernization drive to constantly achieve new achievements
○ In the face of the complex domestic and international environment, China's development is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. We should unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, create opportunities in the process of coping with the crisis, and steer the "China" ship steadily and far
○ The high-quality development of China's economy in the future must be carried out under more open conditions. We should continue to seize and make good use of the important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, strengthen confidence, grasp the initiative, turn crisis into opportunity, turn crisis into safety, unswervingly handle our own affairs, unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, accelerate the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up, and do a good job in promoting comprehensive reform and high-quality development through comprehensive opening up
After 40 years of reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements and stood at a new historical starting point. China's development is still in and will be in a period of important strategic opportunities for a long time, but there are many risks and challenges in the great changes in the world. We should closely follow the new connotation of the important strategic opportunity period, unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, accelerate the formation of a new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging opening up, promote reform through opening up, seize opportunities in meeting challenges, be good at turning crisis into opportunity, turn crisis into safety, and turn pressure into the driving force for high-quality economic development.
1、 Promoting reform through opening up is the basic experience of China's 40 years of reform and opening up
Since the reform and opening up, China has always adhered to the basic national policy of opening up, complied with the general trend of world economic development, seized the historic opportunity brought by economic globalization, constantly expanded the breadth and depth of opening up, realized the historical transformation from closed and semi closed to all-round opening, and created the miracle of the rapid rise of a developing country after the war and the model of promoting development by opening up. At present, China has become the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, the largest trade in goods, the second largest consumer of goods, the second largest inflow of foreign capital, and the world's largest foreign exchange reserves for many consecutive years. Opening up has promoted the common development of China and other countries in the world. Over the years, China has contributed more than 30% to world economic growth.
In the past 40 years, starting with the establishment of special economic zones, opening coastal cities and breaking the monopoly of foreign trade, opening up has not only opened up the international and domestic markets, brought much-needed funds and technology for China's development, but also changed people's ideas and behavior patterns, and promoted the rational use of all achievements of human civilization and progress, It provides a source of vitality for deepening reform.
——We actively make use of foreign investment, strive to integrate into the global industrial chain, value chain and innovation chain, establish a sound system and mechanism around promoting orderly flow of factors, efficient allocation of resources, and deep market integration, vigorously improve the business environment, and become one of the most attractive foreign investment destinations in the world.
——We have actively joined the WTO. In just a few years after our "WTO entry", we have sorted out more than 2300 laws, regulations and departmental rules. By learning from international trade and economic rules, we have greatly saved the cost of reform, avoided many detours, and the socialist market economic system has become increasingly sound.
——We actively implemented the strategy of free trade zones, reached 17 free trade agreements with 25 countries and regions, and worked hard to improve the standards of free trade zones. While contributing more "China opportunities" to economic and trade partners, we also promoted the improvement of relevant domestic systems and mechanisms.
——We actively promote the construction of the pilot free trade zone and boldly explore deeper and more powerful opening measures. Major reforms such as the commercial system of "multi certificate integration", the negative list management system of foreign investment, and the "single window" supervision system of international trade are all promoted nationwide after the successful exploration of the pilot free trade zone.
——We actively implement the "Belt and Road" initiative, expand the opening up of inland and border areas, constantly deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with countries around the world, promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, and accelerate the formation of an open pattern and a new open economic system featuring interaction between land and home, and two-way economic cooperation between east and west.
Practice has proved that opening up is also reform, and reform and opening up complement each other and are inseparable. Promoting reform and development through opening up is an important magic weapon for China's modernization drive to constantly make new achievements.
Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has taken the overall strategic view, coordinated the domestic and international situations, planned to implement a series of major initiatives to expand opening up, such as relaxing market access, building a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, and holding the China International Import Expo, which has added a rare light to the world economy under heavy haze, It has shown the world with practical actions that "the door of China's opening will not be closed, but will only become larger and larger", and sounded the clarion call of promoting comprehensive reform with comprehensive opening in the new era.
2、 Deepen reform and opening up in a scientific grasp of the complex development environment
Internationally, the world is facing the biggest change in a century. At present, the global economy continues to recover weakly in general, the deep impact of the international financial crisis has not been eliminated, uncertainty and instability have increased significantly, and the road to recovery in the future is not smooth. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is poised. New technologies, new industries, new formats and new models are emerging one after another around the world. New industrial chains, value chains and supply chains are taking shape day by day. While bringing development opportunities to countries around the world, they also pose many challenges. Economic globalization continues to develop in twists and turns. The shadow of "anti globalization" and trade protectionism is hard to disappear. The hidden tide of WTO reform is surging. Developed economies are trying to promote issues and rules that are beneficial to themselves through high standards and exclusive free trade agreements (FTA). Global economic and trade rules enter the "crossroads" of restructuring and reconstruction. Emerging economies are facing "second ticket buying" The risk of raising the threshold for participation in international economic cooperation. Developing countries have risen in groups, and the international balance of power has become more pronounced, "rising from east to west" and "rising from south to north". Promoting the development of the global governance system in a more fair and reasonable direction has become a common issue facing the international community.
Domestically, China's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. Under the guidance of the new development concept, China's economic operation is generally stable, steady and progressive, and constantly moving towards a higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable direction. The supply side structural reform has been solidly promoted, and the construction of a modern economic system has been accelerated. However, the imbalance and inadequacy in development are still prominent, transforming the development mode, optimizing the economic structure More efforts are needed to transform the driving force of growth. Significant changes have taken place in the industrial structure, regional structure and factor input structure that supported the rapid development of the open economy in the past. The contradiction between the strong competitiveness of the "hard environment" and the weak competitiveness of the "soft environment" for business is still prominent. The foreign economic development model of extensive planting, meager harvest and individual advance is becoming increasingly difficult to sustain. We should expand the scope of opening up and expand the fields of opening up The task of deepening the level of openness is arduous. The reform has entered the critical period of "traveling more quickly in the middle of the boat, and traveling more steeply in the middle of the mountain". The easy and happy reform has been basically completed, and the rest are "hard bones" that are difficult to chew. They face the test that if they do not advance, they will retreat and must advance.
Dialectical materialism tells us that danger and opportunity coexist, that overcoming danger is opportunity, and losing opportunity is danger. At present, the China US trade consultation has entered a critical period. We should stick to the bottom line and firmly safeguard China's core interests and basic economic system; It should also be noted that China US relations are one of the most important bilateral relations in the world, and cooperation benefits both parties and confrontation hurts both. Properly handling China US economic and trade frictions is not only China's positive contribution to maintaining the global economic and trade order, but also an opportunity to turn pressure into power and further deepen the reform of systems and mechanisms.
On the whole, in the face of the complex domestic and international environment, China's development faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges. We should unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, create opportunities in the process of responding to the crisis, and steer the "China" ship to a stable future.
3、 Develop a higher level of high-quality open economy
General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that China's economic development in the past 40 years has been achieved under the conditions of opening up, and the high-quality development of China's economy in the future must also be carried out under more open conditions. We should continue to seize and make good use of the important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, strengthen confidence, grasp the initiative, turn crisis into opportunity, turn crisis into safety, unswervingly handle our own affairs, unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, accelerate the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up, do a good job in promoting comprehensive reform and high-quality development through comprehensive opening up, and achieve common development between China and other countries in the world Make common progress and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
First, accelerate the construction of a new open economic system. Adapt to the new situation and grasp the new requirements, make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give better play to the role of the government, promote the transformation from commodity and factor flow oriented opening to rules and other institutional opening, and enhance the ability to use both domestic and international markets and resources. Draw a good "meticulous painting" of the "Belt and Road", give play to the role of enterprises as the main body, promote the construction of key economic corridors, form more early gains, and effectively control all kinds of risks. We will implement a more flexible opening policy based on local conditions, enhance the role of platform carriers such as inland open economic pilot zones, border and cross-border economic cooperation zones, explore new models and methods for coordinated and complementary development of coastal and inland areas, and optimize the layout of opening up. We will further relax market access, accelerate the opening up of services such as finance, insurance, education, medical care, and telecommunications, and fully implement the pre access national treatment plus negative list management system. Strengthen the connection with international prevailing rules, significantly reduce the direct allocation of resources by the government, strengthen the protection and application of intellectual property rights, promote the development of industrial policies in the direction of inclusiveness, improve the level of trade and investment facilitation, and create a stable, fair and transparent business environment. Improve the development level of the pilot free trade zone, build a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, and form more institutional innovations that can be replicated and promoted.
Second, improve the quality of open economic development. Adhere to the unity of problem orientation and goal orientation, take structural adjustment as the main direction, accelerate the transformation of the open economic development model, and promote the economic development to a higher quality, more efficient, more fair and more sustainable direction with a high level of opening up. We will continue to take the active and effective use of foreign capital as an important policy of opening up to the outside world, give better play to the role of foreign capital in promoting structural adjustment, continue to encourage more foreign investment in high-tech industries, modern service industries, and the central and western regions, strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of foreign businessmen investing in China, and strive to achieve the organic combination of attracting capital, talent, and technology. We will promote the diversification of export markets, foster new comprehensive competitive advantages centered on technology, standards, brands, quality, and services, expand import trade, reduce institutional costs in the import sector, accelerate the development of service trade and new forms and models of trade, and build a trade power. We will improve the legal and regulatory system for overseas investment and the comprehensive service guarantee system, strengthen the coordination and supervision of going global, promote the healthy development of overseas investment, and form a global trade, investment and financing, production and service network. Deeply implement the free trade area strategy, accelerate the construction of the Asia Pacific Free Trade Area and the East Asian Economic Community, actively promote the negotiation of multilateral and bilateral free trade agreements, further improve the standards of free trade agreements, and constantly expand China's "circle of friends".
Third, actively participate in the reform of the global governance system. Hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win results, oppose imposing one's own will on others, oppose interfering in other countries' internal affairs, oppose bullying the weak with the strong, advocate democratization of international relations, and promote the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation. We will firmly maintain the position of the multilateral trading system as the main channel, support an open, transparent, inclusive and non discriminatory multilateral trading system, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and promote economic globalization towards a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction. Focusing on the changes in the relationship between China and the world activities, we should play the role of a responsible major country, assume international obligations commensurate with our own development level, strengthen assistance to developing countries, especially the least developed countries, expand the convergence of interests with other countries in the world, and do a good job as a driving force for world economic growth and stability Countries are active contributors to the development of dynamic markets for business opportunities and global governance reform.
(Author: Bi Jiyao, Zhang Zheren, Yuan Qian)