Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 14
Government Work Report
——At the First Session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2023
Premier Li Keqiang
Dear delegates
The term of this government is coming to an end. Now, on behalf of the State Council, I would like to report my work to the General Assembly for your deliberation and comments.
1、 Review of work in the past year and five years
2022 is a very important year in the history of the Party and the country. The successful convening of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has drawn a grand blueprint for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. In the face of the international environment with high winds and high waves and the arduous task of domestic reform, development and stability, the Central Committee of the Party with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core united and led the people of all ethnic groups to rise to the challenge, comprehensively implemented the requirements of preventing the epidemic, stabilizing the economy, and ensuring the safety of development, increased macro-control efforts, and achieved stable economic operation, steadily improved the quality of development The overall social situation remained stable, and China's development made new achievements that were extremely hard won.
In the past year, China's economic development has been hit by multiple unexpected factors at home and abroad, such as the epidemic. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, we effectively coordinated epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and optimized and adjusted epidemic prevention and control measures according to virus changes and epidemic prevention situation. In the face of new downward pressure on the economy, decisively respond to and timely regulate, use the policy tools reserved in recent years, implement the established policies and measures ahead, unswervingly promote the supply side structural reform, introduce and implement a package of policies and follow-up measures to stabilize the economy, deploy the work to stabilize the overall economy, strengthen the supervision service for local policy implementation, and support local governments to tap the potential of policies, We will support major economic provinces to take the lead, focus on stabilizing growth, employment, and prices, and promote economic stability and recovery. The GDP of the whole year increased by 3%, and 12.06 million new urban jobs were created. By the end of the year, the urban unemployment rate had dropped to 5.5%, and the consumer price had risen by 2%. The total import and export of goods increased by 7.7%. The budget deficit rate was controlled at 2.8%, the central government's revenue and expenditure were in line with the budget, and there was a slight surplus in expenditure. The balance of international payments remained balanced, and the RMB exchange rate was relatively stable among major global currencies. Grain output reached 1.37 trillion jin, an increase of 7.4 billion jin. The quality of ecological environment continued to improve. In overcoming difficulties, we have stabilized the overall economic market and basically completed the main objectives and tasks of development for the whole year in a complex and volatile environment. China's economy has shown resilience.
In view of the increasing difficulties in the production and operation of enterprises, the rescue support was strengthened. Under the impact of epidemic situation and other factors, many enterprises and self-employed businesses have encountered special difficulties. In the whole year, the VAT allowance and rebate exceeded 2.4 trillion yuan, the new tax cuts and fee reductions exceeded 1 trillion yuan, and the tax and fee delays exceeded 750 billion yuan. In order to strongly support the implementation of tax and fee reduction policies, the central government has significantly increased its transfer payments to local governments. We will guide financial institutions to increase credit supply, reduce financing costs, reduce the average interest rate of newly issued enterprise loans to the lowest level since statistics, implement a phased loan extension for repayment of principal and interest for SMEs, self-employed businesses, catering, tourism, freight and other enterprises seriously affected by the epidemic, and cut the interest rate for inclusive small and micro loans. Stimulate market vitality by means of reform. A large number of small, medium-sized and micro enterprises and self-employed businesses have generally benefited.
In view of the prominent contradiction of insufficient effective demand, we should take multiple measures to expand investment, promote consumption and stabilize foreign trade. Last year, terminal consumption was directly impacted, and investment was also affected. We will implement some of the major projects planned in the 14th Five Year Plan ahead of schedule, accelerate the issuance and use of special bonds of local governments, make flexible use of the balance limit of special debts according to law, and invest 740 billion yuan in policy oriented development financial instruments in two phases to supplement capital for major project construction. Special re loans, financial discount and other policies were used to support equipment renovation in key areas. Adopt joint office, local commitment and other measures to improve the efficiency of project approval. Investment in infrastructure and manufacturing industries increased by 9.4% and 9.1% respectively throughout the year, driving fixed asset investment to increase by 5.1%, which to some extent made up for the contraction gap in consumption. New forms and models of consumption were developed, and measures such as reducing and remitting vehicle purchase taxes were taken to promote automobile consumption. Sales of new energy vehicles increased by 93.4%, and green smart home appliances and green building materials were introduced to the countryside. The total retail sales of social consumer goods remained basically stable. We introduced financial support measures to support rigid and improved housing demand, and solidly promoted the work of ensuring transportation and stabilizing people's livelihood. Help foreign trade enterprises solve problems such as raw materials, labor, logistics, etc., improve the efficiency of port collection and distribution, respond to and solve the concerns of foreign-funded enterprises in a timely manner, import and export of goods are better than expected, and the actual use of foreign capital has grown steadily.
In view of the prominent employment pressure, we strengthened policy support for stabilizing jobs and expanding employment. Last year, the unemployment rate in the urban survey rose significantly. Fiscal, taxation, finance, investment and other policies pay more attention to stabilizing employment. The social security premiums of enterprises in difficult industries will be deferred, the proportion of returning unemployment insurance funds to stable jobs will be significantly increased, and subsidies for stabilizing and expanding jobs will be increased. We will implement entrepreneurial support policies such as guaranteed loans and rent reduction. We will focus on the employment of college graduates and provide special assistance to those who are in difficulty in finding employment. We will promote work for relief in the construction of key projects. The number of people working out of poverty has exceeded 32 million, increasing steadily. The employment situation remained generally stable.
In view of the impact of high global inflation, we will focus on food and energy to ensure supply and stable prices. Last year, global inflation reached a new high in more than 40 years, and domestic price stability faced greater pressure. Effectively respond to serious natural disasters such as floods and droughts, seize the sowing and harvesting of grain without delaying the harvest time, supervise and coordinate the passage of agricultural machinery, ensure the orderly development of farming activities, and distribute agricultural subsidies to grain farmers in three batches to ensure a good harvest of grain and a stable supply of important agricultural products. Give play to the role of coal as the main energy source, increase the advanced production capacity of coal, increase support for power generation and heating enterprises, and ensure the normal supply of energy. Against the background of high global inflation, it is particularly difficult for China's prices to remain low.
In view of the increasing difficulties of some people, we strengthened the basic livelihood guarantee. We will expand the coverage of social security policies such as subsistence allowances in stages, and include more vulnerable groups in the scope of security. We continued to implement the policy of expanding unemployment insurance coverage and granted unemployment insurance benefits to more than 10 million unemployed people. About 67 million people benefited from price subsidies to more low-income people. The college graduates with financial difficulties will be exempted from the interest of the national student loan in 2022 and allowed to postpone the repayment of the principal. We will do a good job in providing temporary relief to people trapped by epidemic and disaster, and effectively cover the bottom line of people's livelihood.
At the same time, we fully implemented the deployment of the Central Economic Work Conference, and made overall progress in various economic and social fields according to the arrangement of the government work report approved at the fifth session of the 13th National People's Congress. Through hard work, the current consumer demand, market circulation, industrial production, and enterprise expectations are clearly improving, and economic growth is stabilizing. China's economy has great potential and development momentum.
Dear delegates!
The past five years have been extremely unusual and extraordinary. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, we have withstood multiple tests such as the accelerated evolution of world changes, the impact of the new coronal epidemic, and the domestic economic downturn. We have won the battle against poverty on schedule, built a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule, achieved the first centenary goal, and embarked on a new journey towards the second centenary goal. All regions and departments adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishment", strengthen "four consciousness", firm "four self-confidence", achieve "two maintenance", comprehensively implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements by fully, accurately and comprehensively implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern, promoting high-quality development, and coordinating development and security.
——Economic development has reached a new level. The GDP has increased to 121 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth of 5.2% in five years and nearly 70 trillion yuan in ten years, with an average annual growth of 6.2%. On the basis of a high base, it has achieved medium to high speed growth and moved towards high-quality development. Fiscal revenue increased to 20.4 trillion yuan. Grain output has been stable at more than 1.3 trillion jin every year. The industrial added value exceeded 40 trillion yuan. More than 12.7 million new urban jobs were created annually. Foreign exchange reserves remained stable at more than $3 trillion. China's economic strength has improved significantly.
——The task of poverty alleviation was successfully completed. After eight years of continuous efforts, nearly 100 million rural poor people have been lifted out of poverty, 832 poverty-stricken counties across the country have all taken off their hats, and more than 9.6 million poverty-stricken people have been relocated, which has historically solved the problem of absolute poverty.
——Scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results. Build a new national system, set up national laboratories, and promote the reorganization of national key laboratories in batches. New breakthroughs have been made in tackling key core technologies, and innovative achievements in manned spaceflight, lunar exploration, deep-sea and deep earth exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, large aircraft manufacturing, artificial intelligence, biomedicine and other fields have emerged. The investment intensity of R&D funds in the whole society has increased from 2.1% to more than 2.5%, and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased to more than 60%. The ability of innovation to support development has been constantly enhanced.
——The economic structure was further optimized. The added value of high-tech manufacturing industry and equipment manufacturing industry has increased by 10.6% and 7.9% on an annual basis, respectively. The digital economy has continued to grow, and the added value of new industries, new business types and new models has accounted for more than 17% of GDP. The coordinated regional development strategy and major regional strategies were implemented in depth. The urbanization rate of the permanent population increased from 60.2% to 65.2%, and the rural revitalization strategy was fully implemented. New drivers of economic development accelerated growth.
——The infrastructure is more perfect. A number of major water conservancy projects, such as flood control and drought relief, water diversion and water diversion, have been started. The operating mileage of high-speed railway has increased from 25000 km to 42000 km, and the mileage of expressway has increased from 136000 km to 177000 km. 1.25 million kilometers of new and reconstructed rural roads. The new airport capacity is 400 million person times. The installed power generation capacity increased by more than 40%. All prefecture level cities have achieved gigabit optical network coverage, and all administrative villages have achieved broadband access.
——Reform and opening up continued to deepen. Comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, promote the construction of a new development pattern, deepen the implementation of supply side structural reform, continue to deepen the reform of streamlining administration, delegating power, combining regulation, optimizing services, and significantly improve the business environment. The joint construction of the "Belt and Road" has been steadily promoted. Promote the entry into force and implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), and build the world's largest free trade area. The total volume of imports and exports of goods grew by 8.6% annually, exceeded 40 trillion yuan and ranked first in the world for many years in a row, and attracted foreign investment and foreign investment ranked first in the world.
——The ecological environment has improved significantly. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 8.1%, and carbon dioxide emissions fell by 14.1%. The average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in cities at prefecture level and above decreased by 27.5%, the number of days of heavy pollution decreased by more than 50%, and the proportion of excellent surface water bodies in China rose from 67.9% to 87.9%. The first batch of five national parks and more than 9000 nature reserves of all levels and types have been established. Great strides have been made in building a beautiful China.
——The living standard of the people has been continuously improved. The growth of residents' income basically kept pace with the economic growth, and the per capita disposable income of the national residents increased by 5.1% annually. Consumer prices rose by 2.1% annually. The average length of schooling of the newly added labor force has increased from 13.5 years to 14 years. The number of people covered by basic old-age insurance increased by 140 million, covering 1.05 billion people, and the level of basic medical insurance improved steadily. Over the years, more than 42 million housing units have been renovated in shantytowns, and hundreds of millions of people have moved out of shantytowns and into buildings to live in comfort.
After years of careful preparation, the Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games were successfully held in a simple, safe and wonderful way, making important contributions to the promotion of mass ice and snow sports, the development of the Olympic Movement, and the solidarity and friendship of the people of the world.
For more than three years since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has always adhered to the principle of putting people first and putting life first, strengthened medical resources and material security, spared no effort to cure COVID-19 patients, effectively protected people's life safety and health, optimized and adjusted prevention and control policies and measures according to the situation, and the people of the country persevered and achieved a major decisive victory. In the extraordinary course of fighting against the epidemic, all regions, departments and units have done a lot of work. All walks of life have overcome difficulties. The vast number of medical personnel are not afraid of hardships. In particular, it is very difficult for hundreds of millions of people to overcome multiple difficulties, pay and contribute. We have fought against the major challenges of the epidemic and faced the unfinished epidemic, The achievements of coordinated epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development are still being consolidated.
Dear delegates!
Over the past five years, we have thoroughly implemented the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and have mainly done the following work.
（1） Innovate macro regulation and keep the economy running within a reasonable range. In the face of serious challenges such as the rise of trade protectionism and the impact of epidemic, we should innovate the macro-control mode, not rely too much on investment, use fiscal and monetary policies as a whole, enhance targeted effectiveness, face market changes directly, focus on supporting market players to rescue development, and promote stable employment and people's livelihood. Grasping the main expected objectives of the year as an organic whole, we will strengthen interval regulation, targeted regulation, camera regulation, and precise regulation. We will not only resolutely increase efforts, but also do not engage in "flooding", overdraft the future, continue to do a good job in "six stability" and "six guarantees", strengthen the protection of residents' employment, basic livelihood, market players, food and energy security Ensure the stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain and the operation of the grass-roots level, and promote the economy to climb the slope, overcome the obstacles and continue to move forward by means of reform and opening up.
We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy. Reasonably grasp the scale of the deficit, and control the overall deficit ratio within 3% and the government debt ratio within 50% in five years. We continued to optimize the spending structure, and ensured that key areas such as education, science and technology, ecological and environmental protection, and basic people's livelihood were effectively protected. The implementation of large-scale tax and fee reduction policies, the combination of institutional arrangements and phased measures, and the further increase of tax and fee reduction after the outbreak of the epidemic have become the key measures to deal with the impact. Completely complete the task of replacing business tax with value-added tax, cancel business tax, reduce the tax rate that accounts for the highest proportion of value-added tax revenue and covers a wide range of industries from 17% to 13%, increase the threshold of value-added tax for small-scale taxpayers from 30000 yuan to 150000 yuan per month in a phased manner, and reduce the actual minimum tax rate of income tax for small and micro enterprises from 10% to 2.5%. Tax and fee cuts are fair, inclusive, efficient and direct. Over the past five years, the cumulative tax cuts of 5.4 trillion yuan and fee cuts of 2.8 trillion yuan have not only helped enterprises tide over difficulties and retain green mountains, but also released water to raise fish and conserve tax sources. More than 11 million new tax related enterprises and self-employed businesses have been added annually. The budget of the central government's fiscal revenue has been successfully completed in each year, taking into account the tax rebate factor, National fiscal revenue nearly doubled in ten years. We will drive financial resources to sink, increase the proportion of local transfer payments in the central general public budget expenditure to about 70%, and establish and regularly implement the mechanism of direct access to central financial funds. Governments at all levels adhere to a tight schedule, strictly control general expenditures, the central authorities take the lead in reducing expenditures, revitalize existing funds and idle assets, spare funds to benefit enterprises and the people by every means, and more than 70% of national financial expenditure is used for people's livelihood.
We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy. We should flexibly grasp the policy strength according to the changing situation, maintain reasonable and sufficient liquidity, make good use of policy tools such as reserve ratio reduction and re lending, increase effective support for the real economy, and alleviate the difficulties and high cost of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises. The balance of manufacturing loans increased from 16.3 trillion yuan to 27.4 trillion yuan. The balance of inclusive small and micro loans increased from 8.2 trillion yuan to 23.8 trillion yuan, an average annual growth of 24%, and the average interest rate of loans decreased by 1.5 percentage points compared with five years ago. We will step up efforts to clear up outstanding accounts of small and medium-sized enterprises. The RMB exchange rate has become more flexible and basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level. The 1448.6 billion yuan of financial reform costs borne by state-owned commercial banks and rural credit cooperatives in history were completely eliminated. By using the market-oriented and legal approach, we accurately handled the risks of a number of large enterprise groups, and smoothly resolved the risks of high-risk small and medium-sized financial institutions. Large financial institutions developed healthily, and the financial system operated steadily, keeping the bottom line of no systemic risks.
We will strengthen the policy orientation of giving priority to employment. We will take stabilizing employment as a key indicator of economic performance within a reasonable range. We will focus on promoting market-oriented and socialized employment, and increase support for enterprises to stabilize and expand their jobs. We will reduce the contribution rate of pension insurance units from 20% to 16%, and at the same time enrich the national social security fund, increasing the reserve size from 1.8 trillion yuan to more than 2.5 trillion yuan. We will implement policies such as the return of unemployment insurance funds to stable jobs, and subsidies for training for remaining workers. We continued to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, held eight consecutive national mass entrepreneurship and innovation activity weeks, and more than 520 million people participated. We encouraged entrepreneurship to drive employment, and strengthened the protection of workers' rights and interests. New forms of employment and flexible employment have become important channels for increasing employment income. Do a good job in the employment of college graduates, ex servicemen, migrant workers and other groups. Use unemployment insurance funds and other funds to support skills training. The three-year action of higher vocational enrollment expansion and vocational skill upgrading has been implemented, with a cumulative enrollment expansion of 4.13 million people and training of more than 83 million people. Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood and the source of wealth. Maintaining employment stability in a country with a population of more than 1.4 billion is invaluable and contains great creativity.
Keep prices stable on the whole. In response to the impact, we did not continuously increase the size of the deficit significantly, nor did we issue money in excess, creating macro conditions for price stability. We will make great efforts to focus on agricultural production, strengthen the connection between production and marketing and reserve regulation, ensure the stable supply of food, pigs, vegetables, etc., timely solve the problem of tight supply of coal and electricity, meet the needs of people's livelihood and production and energy consumption, and ensure smooth transportation and logistics. Strengthen market supervision and maintain normal price order. Over the past decade, China's consumer price inflation has stabilized at a relatively low level of about 2%, which is easy but difficult. It not only maintains the order of the market economy, provides space for the implementation of macro policies, but also helps to better protect the basic people's livelihood.
（2） Win the battle against poverty as scheduled and consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation. The most arduous and arduous task of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way lies in rural areas, especially in poor areas. Adhere to targeted poverty alleviation, focus on deep poverty areas such as "three districts and three prefectures", strengthen policy support, give priority to ensuring funding for poverty alleviation, and supervise counties and villages with great difficulty in poverty alleviation. Deeply implement industrial, employment, ecology, education, health, social security and other assistance, strengthen follow-up support for relocation, and focus on solving the problem of "two worries and three guarantees", so that the people out of poverty do not worry about food and clothing, and the safety of compulsory education, basic medical care, housing and drinking water is also guaranteed. The income of rural residents in poverty-stricken areas has increased significantly, and their production and living conditions have improved significantly.
We will promote the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. To maintain the overall stability of the main assistance policies during the transition period, strictly implement the requirements of the "Four No Picks", establish and improve the dynamic monitoring and assistance mechanism to prevent poverty return, effectively respond to adverse effects such as epidemic and disaster, and ensure that large-scale poverty return does not occur. Determine and focus on supporting 160 key counties for national rural revitalization, increase support for key areas such as relocation and centralized resettlement areas, adhere to and improve mechanisms such as eastern and western cooperation, counterpart support, and targeted assistance, select and make good use of medical care and education "group" to help cadres, talents, and science and technology envoys, and promote the accelerated development of poverty free areas and stable income increase of the masses.
（3） Focus on key areas and key links to deepen reform and stimulate market vitality and social creativity. Adhere to the reform direction of the socialist market economy, handle the relationship between the government and the market, make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and promote the better combination of effective market and promising government.
Continue to promote the transformation of government functions. We will complete the reform of the State Council and local government institutions. We will accelerate the construction of a unified national market, build a high standard market system, and create a market-oriented, legal, and international business environment. The main road is simple and the administration is easy. We will continue to promote reforms that touch the government's own interests. Further streamline administration and delegate power, relax market access, fully implement the negative list system for market access, reduce the list management measures by 64% compared with the initial establishment of the system, and include all administrative licensing items into the list management. Over the years, more than 1000 items of administrative licenses have been cancelled and delegated, more than 90% of the investment projects approved by the central government level have been reduced, the production licenses for industrial products have been reduced from 60 categories to 10 categories, and the approval time for the whole process of engineering construction projects has been reduced to no more than 120 working days. Reform the commercial system and implement the reform of "separation of certificates and licenses". The time for enterprises to open has been reduced from more than one month to the current average of four working days, and a simple cancellation system for small, medium-sized and micro enterprises has been implemented. Adhere to the combination of regulation and supervision, strengthen the supervision during and after the event, strictly implement the supervision responsibility, prevent the absence of supervision, re emphasize the management, strengthen the quality and safety supervision in key areas such as food and drugs, promote the "double random, one open" and other ways to strengthen fair supervision, and standardize the exercise of administrative discretion. We will strengthen anti-monopoly and anti unfair competition, fully implement the fair competition review system, and reform the anti-monopoly law enforcement system. Regulate and guide the healthy development of capital in accordance with the law, and resolutely control the disorderly expansion of capital in accordance with the law. We will continue to optimize services, promote the integrated handling of government services, reduce all kinds of certification matters, and accelerate the construction of digital government. More than 90% of government services can be handled online, and more than 200 people often handle issues such as household registration certificates and social security transfers across provinces. Cancel all provincial highway toll stations. We formulated and implemented regulations on optimizing the business environment, managing the registration of market entities, promoting the development of self-employed businesses, and ensuring the payment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The reform has given people more convenience and space to run businesses. At the end of last year, the number of enterprises exceeded 52 million, the number of self-employed businesses exceeded 110 million, and the total number of market players exceeded 160 million, three times that of ten years ago. The endogenous driving force for development has significantly increased.
We will promote the common development of economies under various forms of ownership. Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, adhere to the "two unswervingly". We will complete the three-year action task of state-owned enterprise reform, improve the modern enterprise system, and promote state-owned enterprises to focus on their main responsibilities, optimize restructuring, improve quality and efficiency. Promote the healthy development of private enterprises, break down various hidden barriers, give policy support without discrimination, and boost private investment confidence. We will improve the system for protecting property rights, protect the legitimate rights and interests of entrepreneurs, and promote entrepreneurship.
We will promote reform of the fiscal, taxation and financial systems. We will deepen the reform of the budget management system, increase budget openness, promote the reform of the division of central and local financial powers and expenditure responsibilities, improve the local government debt management system, build a comprehensive and classified personal income tax system, and further deepen the reform of tax collection and management. We will promote the reform of the financial regulatory system, comprehensively promote the capital replenishment and reform of insurance for small and medium-sized banks, promote the reform of the stock issuance registration system, improve the basic system of the capital market, and strengthen the rule of law for financial stability.
（4） Deeply implement the innovation driven development strategy and promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. We will deepen supply side structural reform, improve national and local innovation systems, promote self-reliance in science and technology, rely on innovation to improve the development of the real economy, continue to foster new drivers of growth, and effectively respond to external pressure and containment.
Enhance the leading role of scientific and technological innovation. We will strengthen national strategic scientific and technological forces, implement a number of major scientific and technological innovation projects, and strengthen key core technology research. Give full play to the role of universities and research institutes, and support the development of new research and development institutions. We will promote the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers, and lay out and build comprehensive national science centers. Basic research and applied basic research were supported, and the national basic research funds doubled in five years. Reform the management system of scientific research projects and funds, give scientific research institutions and researchers greater autonomy, and strive to free the vast number of scientific and technological personnel from complicated administrative affairs. We will strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights and stimulate innovation. Promote international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Through the market-oriented mechanism, enterprises are encouraged to innovate, and the proportion of R&D expenses added and deducted is constantly increased. Manufacturing enterprises and technology-based SMEs are increased from 50% and 75% to 100% respectively, and are extended to all applicable industries in a phased manner. Policy support is provided for enterprises to invest in basic research and purchase equipment. The annual scale of various preferential tax policies to support innovation has exceeded trillion yuan. Create financial policy tools to support innovation and guide the development of venture capital. The R&D investment of enterprises has maintained double-digit growth, and a large number of innovative enterprises have emerged.
Promote the industry to move towards middle and high-end. We should focus on the manufacturing industry to develop the real economy, promote the smooth operation of the industrial economy, and keep the proportion of manufacturing industry basically stable. Strictly implement environmental protection, quality, safety and other laws and standards, and eliminate backward production capacity. Carry out actions to strengthen and supplement the chain of key industries. Start a number of industrial foundation reconstruction projects. Encourage enterprises to speed up equipment renewal and technological transformation, and extend the preferential policy of accelerated depreciation of fixed assets to all manufacturing industries. Accelerate the development of high-end equipment, biomedicine, optoelectronic information, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic, wind power and other emerging industries. Promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. We will continue to promote Internet speed and cost reduction, and develop "Internet Plus". The number of mobile Internet users increased to 1.45 billion. It supports the development of industrial Internet, and effectively promotes the digital and intelligent manufacturing industry. More than 70000 small and medium-sized enterprises specialized in, specialized in and new products. We will promote the healthy and sustainable development of the platform economy and give full play to its role in driving employment and entrepreneurship, expanding consumer markets, and innovating production models. Develop R&D design, modern logistics, inspection, testing and certification and other productive services. We will strengthen total quality management and quality infrastructure. The quality and competitiveness of Made in China are constantly improving.
（5） We will expand effective domestic demand and promote coordinated regional development and new-type urbanization. Focusing on building a new development pattern, based on the advantages of the super large market, adhere to the strategy of expanding domestic demand, and cultivate more power sources for economic growth.
We will expand consumption and effective investment. Before the outbreak of the epidemic, consumption had become the main driving force for China's economic growth. In the face of insufficient demand and even contraction, promote consumption to recover as soon as possible. We will increase residents' income through multiple channels and raise the income of low - and middle-income groups. We supported mass consumption of automobiles and household appliances, and the number of automobiles exceeded 300 million, up 46.7%. Promote the deep integration of online and offline consumption, and increase the proportion of online retail sales of physical goods in total retail sales of consumer goods from 15.8% to 27.2%. Develop urban community convenient commerce and improve rural express logistics distribution system. Help the development of tourism. We will expand effective investment around strengthening weak links, adjusting the structure, and increasing the stamina. We will innovate the investment and financing system and mechanism, guide and leverage social investment within the budget to multiply, increase the amount of special bonds issued by local governments, focus on supporting the construction of infrastructure and livelihood projects such as transportation, water conservancy, energy and information, encourage social capital to participate in construction and operation, and mobilize the enthusiasm of private investment.
Enhance the balance and coordination of regional development. We will comprehensively promote the development of the west, the all-round revitalization of the northeast, the rise of the central region, and the development of the east. The economic growth of the central and western regions is generally higher than that of the eastern regions. We increased support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, and border areas, and the central government's transfer payments to related areas increased by 66.8% over five years ago. We will promote the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and promote the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin. Build Xiong'an New Area with high standards and quality. Develop marine economy. Support the development of regions with economic difficulties, promote the transformation and development of resource-based regions, encourage regions with conditions to play a greater role in driving the development, and promote the formation of more new growth poles and growth belts.
We will continue to promote new urbanization with people at the core. China is still in the process of urbanization, with tens of millions of rural people moving to cities and towns every year. We will improve the functions of cities, especially counties, and enhance their comprehensive carrying capacity. The restrictions on urban settlement have been relaxed or lifted by category, and 140 million rural people have settled in cities and towns in the past decade. We will develop urban agglomerations and megalopolis in an orderly manner, and promote the coordinated development of large, small, and medium-sized cities. Promote the construction of Chengdu Chongqing double city economic circle. Adhere to the orientation that houses are for living, not for speculation, establish and implement a long-term mechanism for real estate, expand the supply of affordable housing, promote the construction of the long-term rental housing market, stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations, and promote the healthy development of the real estate market through urban policies. The construction of urban infrastructure was strengthened. The operating mileage of rail transit increased from more than 4500 kilometers to nearly 10000 kilometers, and the drainage pipeline increased from 630000 kilometers to 890000 kilometers. 167000 old urban residential areas were renovated, benefiting more than 29 million families.
（6） We will ensure national food security and vigorously implement the rural revitalization strategy. We will improve policies to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers, continue to focus on agricultural production, and accelerate agricultural and rural modernization.
Improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. We will stabilize and expand the area sown for grain, expand the planting of soybean oilseeds, optimize the distribution of production structure, and improve the yield and quality per unit area. We will improve grain production support policies, stabilize subsidies for grain farmers, reasonably determine the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat, increase incentives for major grain producing counties, and improve the policy based agricultural insurance system. We will strengthen farmland protection, implement black land protection projects, improve water conservancy facilities, and build 456 million mu of high standard farmland. Promote the construction of national food security industrial belt. We accelerated the scientific and technological innovation, popularization and application of seed industry and agricultural machinery, and increased the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest from 67% to 73%. We will fully implement the shared responsibility of the Party and the government for food security, strengthen stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, and unswervingly put the jobs of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people in our own hands.
We will make solid progress in rural reform and development. Consolidate and improve the basic rural management system, complete the phased tasks of the confirmation, registration and certification of contracted land and the reform of the rural collective property rights system, steadily promote diversified forms of moderate scale operation, focus on the development of family farms and farmers' cooperatives, and accelerate the development of agricultural socialized services. We launched the rural construction action, continued to improve the rural living environment, strengthened the construction of infrastructure such as water, electricity, gas, telecommunications, and mail, and achieved the access of qualified towns and villages to hardened roads and buses. The rural tap water penetration rate has increased from 80% to 87%, and over 24 million dilapidated rural houses have been renovated over the years. We will deepen reform of supply and marketing cooperatives, collective forest rights, and land reclamation. Develop rural industries based on characteristic resources, and promote employment, entrepreneurship and income increase of farmers. In order to ensure that migrant workers get their due compensation in time, we continued to strengthen the governance of migrant workers' wage arrears, issued and implemented regulations to ensure migrant workers' wage payment, and severely cracked down on malicious arrears.
（7） We will firmly expand opening up and deepen mutually beneficial and win-win international economic and trade cooperation. In the face of changes in the external environment, we should implement a more proactive strategy of opening up, and more vigorously promote reform and development with a high level of opening up.
We will promote stability, stability and quality improvement in imports and exports. Increase policy support for export tax rebate, credit insurance, credit, etc., and reduce the processing time of enterprise export tax rebate to less than 6 working days. Optimize foreign exchange services. Develop new forms of foreign trade, set up 152 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones, and support the construction of a number of overseas warehouses. Give play to the role of major exhibitions such as the China International Fair, the Canton Fair, the China International Trade Fair, and the Consumer Fair. The facilitation of customs clearance was promoted. The time for import and export customs clearance was reduced by 67% and 92% respectively, and the cost of compliance in import and export was significantly reduced. The overall tariff level dropped from 9.8% to 7.4%. We will comprehensively deepen the pilot program for innovative development of service trade, and launch a negative list of cross-border service trade. The steady growth of imports and exports has strongly supported economic development.
Actively and effectively utilize foreign capital. We introduced regulations for the implementation of the Foreign Investment Law, and constantly optimized the foreign investment environment. We continued to relax foreign capital market access, reduced the number of negative lists in the country and the pilot free trade zone by 51% and 72% respectively, basically liberalized the manufacturing sector, and continuously improved the level of openness in financial and other service industries. 21 pilot free trade zones have been set up, and the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port has been steadily promoted. All localities should strengthen foreign investment promotion services in innovative ways, increase investment attraction and project matching and relay. A number of large foreign investment projects have been launched, and China has continued to become a hot spot for foreign investment.
Promote high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road". Adhere to the principle of joint consultation, joint construction and sharing, follow the market principles and international prevailing rules, implement a number of connectivity and production capacity cooperation projects, increase the annual average import and export volume of goods to countries along the line by 13.4%, and deepen exchanges and cooperation in various fields. Promote the construction of new land and sea channels in the west. We will guide the healthy and orderly development of overseas investment and strengthen the prevention and control of overseas risks. Six free trade agreements were signed and upgraded, and the proportion of imports and exports of goods with free trade partners increased from 26% to about 35%. We will firmly uphold the multilateral trading system, oppose trade protectionism, deal with economic and trade frictions in a sound manner, and promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
（8） Strengthen ecological environment protection and promote green and low-carbon development. Adhere to the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, improve the system of ecological civilization, handle the relationship between development and protection, and constantly improve the capacity for sustainable development.
We will strengthen pollution control and ecological improvement. Adhere to precise, scientific and legal pollution control, and further promote pollution prevention and control. Pay attention to the coordinated treatment of multi pollutants and regional joint prevention and control, and the proportion of good air quality days in cities at prefecture level and above reached 86.5%, up 4 percentage points. Basically eliminate the black and odorous water bodies in cities at prefecture level and above, and promote the prevention and control of pollution in important rivers, lakes and coastal waters. We will intensify efforts to prevent, control and repair soil pollution risks, and strengthen the treatment of solid waste and new pollutants. The red lines for the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, the red lines for ecological protection, and the boundaries for urban development should be comprehensively defined. Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, implement a number of major ecological projects, and comprehensively implement the system of river lake leader and forest leader. We will work together to protect the Yangtze River and implement a 10-year ban on fishing in key waters of the Yangtze River basin. We will strengthen the protection of biodiversity. We will improve the compensation system for ecological protection. The forest coverage rate reached 24%, the comprehensive vegetation coverage of grassland and the wetland protection rate reached more than 50%, and the areas of soil erosion, desertification and desertification were reduced by 106000, 38000 and 33000 square kilometers respectively. More and more people enjoy the blue sky, white clouds, green water and green mountains.
Steadily promote energy conservation and carbon reduction. We will coordinate the safe and stable supply of energy and green and low-carbon development, and scientifically and orderly promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. We will optimize the energy mix, achieve ultra-low emission coal-fired power generation units of more than 1.05 billion kilowatts, increase the installed capacity of renewable energy from 650 million kilowatts to more than 1.2 billion kilowatts, and increase the proportion of clean energy consumption from 20.8% to more than 25%. We will comprehensively strengthen resource conservation, develop green industries and the circular economy, and promote the R&D and application of energy conservation and environmental protection technologies and products. Improve the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem. Strengthen financial support for green development. Improve energy consumption assessment methods. China has actively participated in international cooperation on climate change, and has made China's contribution to promoting global climate governance.
（9） We will ensure and improve people's wellbeing and accelerate the development of social programs. We will implement the people centred development philosophy, continue to increase investment in people's livelihood, strive to ensure basic, bottom line, promote fairness, improve public services, promote the equalization of basic public services, and constantly improve people's well-being in development.
Promote the equity and quality of education. Education is the foundation of a long-term plan. The proportion of financial education funds in GDP has remained above 4% every year, and the per capita investment in students has increased significantly. We continued to strengthen the construction of weak links in rural compulsory education, basically eliminated large class sizes in cities and towns, and pushed to solve the problem of children's enrollment of migrant workers in cities. The consolidation rate of compulsory education increased from 93.8% to 95.5%. We should adhere to the principle that compulsory education should be implemented by the state in a unified way, and guide and standardize the development of private education. Reduce the burden on students in the compulsory education stage. Improve the health level of teenagers. The nutrition improvement plan has been implemented continuously, benefiting more than 37 million students every year. We will ensure the salaries of teachers, especially those in rural areas. Increase the supply of kindergartens through multiple channels. The gross enrollment rate in high school education has increased to more than 90%. The adaptability of vocational education has been enhanced, and the conditions for running vocational schools have been continuously improved. The comprehensive reform of college entrance examination has been actively and steadily promoted. The gross enrollment rate of higher education has increased from 45.7% to 59.6%. The enrollment of colleges and universities has continued to increase the preference for central and western regions and rural areas. We will significantly increase the amount of national student loans for students in colleges and universities with financial difficulties. Deeply implement the "strong foundation plan" and the training plan for top talents in basic disciplines, build 288 training bases for top students in basic disciplines, continue to promote the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, and constantly consolidate the talent base for development.
Improve the ability of medical and health services. We will further promote and work hard to popularize the "Healthy China" initiative, deepen the reform of the medical and health system, provide basic medical and health systems as public goods to the whole people, and further ease the difficulty and high cost of medical care for the masses. We will continue to improve basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance, and raise the per capita financial subsidy for medical insurance for urban and rural residents from 450 yuan to 610 yuan. Include more drugs urgently needed by the masses into the medical insurance reimbursement scope. Inpatient and outpatient expenses were directly settled across provinces, benefiting more than 57 million people. We have promoted centralized procurement of drugs and medical consumables in quantity, reducing the cost burden by more than 400 billion yuan. There are 13 national medical centers and 76 national and regional medical centers. We will comprehensively promote the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, continue to improve county medical and health service capabilities, and improve the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Optimize medical services for the elderly and other groups. Promote the inheritance, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine to benefit people's livelihood. The per capita financial subsidy for basic public health services was increased from 50 yuan to 84 yuan. Adhere to prevention first and strengthen health management of major chronic diseases. We will reform and improve the disease prevention and control system, set up the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, improve the system of prevention, control, treatment and emergency supplies for major epidemics, and work hard to ensure people's health.
We will strengthen social security and services. We will establish a central adjustment system for basic old-age insurance funds, continuously raise basic pensions for retirees, raise the minimum standard of basic pensions for urban and rural residents, and steadily raise the standards for urban and rural subsistence allowances, preferential treatment pensions, unemployment and work-related injury security. We will actively respond to the aging population and promote the development of the aging cause and the elderly care industry. Develop community and home-based elderly care services, strengthen the construction of supporting facilities and barrier free facilities, and provide policy support in taxes, housing, water and electricity prices, etc. We will promote the integration of medical care and nursing care, and steadily promote the pilot long-term care insurance system. Implement the three child birth policy and supporting measures. We will improve the management and security system for ex servicemen and raise the level of security. We will strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of women and children. We will improve the system for protecting minors. We will improve the security and care service system for the disabled. We improved the social assistance system, strengthened the dynamic monitoring of the low-income population, and provided timely assistance to people in distress. The average annual temporary assistance was 11 million person times, firmly capturing the basic living security network of people in need.
Enrich the people's spiritual and cultural life. Cultivate and practice core socialist values. We will deepen the creation of mass cultural and ethical progress. We will develop press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, philosophy and social sciences, and archives, and strengthen the development of think tanks. We will solidly promote in-depth media integration. Improve the effectiveness of international communication. Strengthen and innovate the construction of Internet content. We will carry forward China's excellent traditional culture and strengthen the protection and inheritance of cultural relics and heritage. We will implement a cultural project to benefit the people, and public libraries, museums, art galleries, and cultural centers will be open to the public free of charge. We will further promote universal reading. Support the development of cultural industry. We will strengthen national capacity building for science popularization. Athletes have made great achievements bravely, and nationwide fitness programs have been widely carried out.
（10） We will promote government performance in accordance with the law and innovation in social governance, and maintain overall social stability. We will strengthen the building of a government ruled by law, so that economic and social activities can better operate on the track of the rule of law. Adhere to the principle of administration in accordance with the law and the principle of public justice, and strictly regulate, fair and civilized law enforcement. The power of the government comes from the people, and its power is not arbitrary, and its use is subject to supervision. We promoted the improvement of laws, regulations and rules, submitted 50 legal proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation, and formulated and revised 180 administrative regulations. We should accept the supervision of the people's congresses and their standing committees at the same level according to law, consciously accept the democratic supervision of the CPPCC, and actively accept the supervision of society and public opinion. Conscientiously handle the proposals of NPC deputies and CPPCC members. Strengthen audit and statistical supervision. Continue to deepen the openness of government affairs. Carry out the State Council's major supervision and inspection. We will support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations and other mass organizations to play a better role.
We will strengthen and innovate social governance. We will modernize municipal social governance, improve grassroots governance, and optimize community services. We will support the healthy development of social organizations, humanitarian aid, social work, voluntary services, and public charities. Deeply promote the resolution of letters and visits backlog. Promote the construction of social credit system. We will improve the public legal service system. Strictly supervise food, drugs, especially vaccines. Carry out special rectification of work safety. We will reform and strengthen emergency management, improve our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, and provide defense and meteorological services for floods, droughts, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters, and earthquakes. Deeply promote the national security system and capacity building. Strengthen network, data security and personal information protection. We will continue to strengthen comprehensive governance of social security, crack down on all kinds of crimes, launch a special campaign to fight against organized crime, and severely punish organized crime and its "umbrella" in accordance with the law. New progress has been made in building a safe China and a rule of law China.
Dear delegates!
Over the past five years, governments at all levels have conscientiously implemented the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee to comprehensively and strictly govern the Party, solidly carried out education on the theme of "never forget the original intention and remember the mission" and the study and education of the Party history, carried forward the great spirit of party building, strictly implemented the spirit of the eight provisions of the Central Committee, persevered in the rectification of "four styles", focused on the rectification of formalism and bureaucracy, and significantly reduced the funds for "three official duties". We will severely punish the illegal construction of buildings and museums and tax evasion. We will strengthen the building of a clean government. Government staff consciously accept legal supervision, supervision and people's supervision.
There is no shortcut to do a good job in economic and social development. Over the past five years, we have adhered to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and comprehensively implemented the Party's basic theory, line and strategy. Adhere to the economic construction as the center, strive to promote high-quality development, do not fear difficulties, do not avoid difficulties, and require that the commitment be fulfilled by doing, and focus on development; Take the expectations of the people as the goal of governance, always put the people in the highest position in the heart, put the interests of the people first, carefully listen to the voice of the masses, deeply understand the warmth and coldness of the masses, and strive to solve the problems of the people's urgent difficulties and anxieties; Insist on seeking truth from facts, respect objective laws, and resolutely oppose empty talk, ostentation, image projects, and even blind foolhardy; Solve problems and activate with reform methods and perseverance, encourage people to dare to take responsibility, and hold accountable those who are lazy. Respect the initiative of the people, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, and then gather strong forces to promote development.
Dear delegates!
In the past five years, the work on ethnic, religious and overseas Chinese affairs has been innovated and improved. We will consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations featuring equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony, and see a new era of national unity and progress. We will implement the Party's basic policy on religious work and promote the gradual deepening of the Sinicization of religions in China. We will continue to do a good job in overseas Chinese affairs and give full play to the unique advantages and important role of overseas Chinese in participating in the modernization of the motherland.
Adhere to the Party's absolute leadership over the people's army, and a series of new major achievements and changes have taken place in national defense and military building. The people's army has made further progress in building a strong military through political work, reform, science and technology, talent and law, and in training and preparing for war. The modernization level and practical combat capability have been significantly improved. We firmly and flexibly carried out military struggle, effectively carried out major tasks such as border defense, maritime rights protection, anti-terrorism and stability maintenance, rescue and disaster relief, anti epidemic, peacekeeping and escort, improved national defense mobilization capability, and effectively safeguarded national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
New progress has been made in the work of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. In accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, Hong Kong has effectively implemented its overall governance over the Special Administrative Region, formulated and implemented the Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on Safeguarding National Security, implemented the principles of "patriot governing Hong Kong" and "patriot governing Macao", and pushed Hong Kong into a new stage from chaos to governance to governance and prosperity. We will further promote the construction of the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, support Hong Kong and Macao in developing their economies, improving their people's livelihood, preventing and controlling epidemics, and maintaining stability. We will implement the Party's overall strategy for solving the Taiwan issue in the new era, resolutely launch major anti secession and anti intervention struggles, and continue to promote the peaceful development of cross Straits relations.
Major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics has been comprehensively promoted. President Xi Jinping and other party and state leaders have visited many countries and attended a series of major diplomatic events, including the G20 Leaders' Summit, the APEC Informal Leaders' Meeting, the series of high-level meetings marking the 75th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, the series of leaders' meetings on East Asian cooperation, and the China EU Leaders' Meeting, both online and offline. The SCO Qingdao Summit, the BRICS Leaders' Meeting, the Global Development High level Dialogue, the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China Africa Cooperation and other major diplomatic events were successfully held at home. We must be brave and good at fighting and resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests. Actively expand global partnership, commit to building an open world economy, safeguard multilateralism, and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. As a responsible major country, China has played an important and constructive role in promoting international anti epidemic cooperation, solving global challenges and regional hotspot issues, and made important contributions to promoting world peace and development.
Dear delegates!
The achievements in China's development over the years are the result of the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the whole army, and the people of all ethnic groups. On behalf of the State Council, I would like to express our sincere thanks to the people of all ethnic groups in the country, to the democratic parties, people's organizations and people from all walks of life! I would like to express my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, Taiwan and overseas Chinese! I would like to express my sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations and friends from all over the world who care about and support China's modernization drive!
While seeing the achievements in development, we are also soberly aware that China is a large developing country, still in the primary stage of socialism, and the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development is still prominent. The current development faces many difficulties and challenges. The uncertainty of the external environment has increased, global inflation is still at a high level, the growth momentum of the world economy and trade has weakened, and external repression has continued to rise. The foundation for stable and upward growth of domestic economy needs to be consolidated. Insufficient demand is still a prominent contradiction. The expectations of private investment and private enterprises are unstable. Many small, medium-sized and micro enterprises and self-employed businesses face great difficulties. The task of stabilizing employment is arduous, and some grass-roots fiscal revenue and expenditure contradictions are large. There are many hidden risks in the real estate market, and some small and medium-sized financial institutions are exposed to risks. There are still many institutional and institutional obstacles to development. The ability of scientific and technological innovation is not strong. Ecological environment protection has a long way to go. There are still obvious weak links in urban and rural infrastructure such as disaster prevention and mitigation. There are many weaknesses in some areas of people's livelihood. Formalism and bureaucracy are still prominent. In some places, the implementation of policies is "one size fits all" and increased at all levels. Some cadres do nothing, act recklessly, and simplify. There are problems such as being divorced from reality, against the will of the masses, and ignoring the legitimate rights and interests of the masses. Corruption often occurs in some fields, industries and local areas. The people still have some opinions and suggestions on government work that should be paid attention to. We should face up to the challenges of the problems and make every effort to improve the work of the government, so as to live up to the people's great trust.
2、 Suggestions on the work of the government this year
This year is the first year to comprehensively implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress. To do a good job in the government's work, we should, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, take Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guide, comprehensively implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, solidly promote Chinese style modernization in accordance with the deployment of the Central Economic Work Conference, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, and fully implement the new development concept, Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, focus on promoting high-quality development, better coordinate the domestic and international overall situation, better coordinate the epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, better coordinate development and security, comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, vigorously boost market confidence, organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening supply side structural reform, and focus on stabilizing growth, employment We will work to stabilize prices, effectively prevent and defuse major risks, promote the overall improvement of economic operation, achieve effective quality improvement and reasonable quantity growth, continue to improve people's livelihood, maintain overall social stability, and make a good start for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.
The main development targets for this year are: GDP growth of about 5%; About 12 million new urban jobs were created, and the urban unemployment rate was about 5.5%; Consumer prices rose by about 3%; The growth of residents' income is basically synchronized with the economic growth; Import and export promote stability and quality, and the international balance of payments is basically balanced; The grain output remained above 1.3 trillion jin; Energy consumption per unit of GDP and emissions of major pollutants continued to decline, focusing on controlling fossil energy consumption, and the quality of the ecological environment improved steadily.
We should stick to the principle of keeping the word stable and seeking progress while maintaining stability. In the face of the coexistence of strategic opportunities and risks, and the increase of uncertain and unpredictable factors, we should maintain policy continuity, stability and pertinence, strengthen the coordination and cooperation of various policies, and form a joint force to jointly promote high-quality development. Active fiscal policy should be strengthened to improve efficiency. The deficit ratio is planned to be 3%. Improve the preferential policies for taxes and fees, and optimize the current measures of tax reduction and fee reduction, tax rebate and tax relief. Do a good job of "three guarantees" at the grass-roots level. The prudent monetary policy should be precise and powerful. We will keep the broad money supply basically matching the growth rate of the economy with the growth rate of social financing scale, and support the development of the real economy. We will keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level. Industrial policies should be developed and safe. Promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, foster strategic emerging industries, and focus on strengthening weak links in the industrial chain. Science and technology policies should focus on self-reliance and international cooperation. We will improve the new nationwide system, give full play to the organizational role of the government in tackling key core technologies, support and highlight the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and increase support for the cultivation of scientific and technological talents and teams. Social policies should firmly hold the bottom line of people's livelihood. We will implement the policy of giving priority to detailed employment, put more emphasis on promoting the employment of young people, especially college graduates, and ensure the basic livelihood of the people.
At present, the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic in China has entered the normal prevention and control stage of "Class B and Class B management". On the basis of a comprehensive and scientific summary of the epidemic prevention and control work, we should do a better job in prevention and control in a more scientific, accurate and efficient manner. Focusing on protecting health and preventing serious diseases, we should focus on the epidemic prevention and control and medical treatment of the elderly, children, and groups suffering from basic diseases, and improve the level of epidemic monitoring, We will promote the iterative upgrading of vaccines and the development of new drugs, ensure people's medical needs, and safeguard people's life safety and health.
This year is the year of the change of government. The work in various fields and aspects of economic and social development reported in the previous report needs unremitting efforts in the future. Here are some highlights.
（1） We will focus on expanding domestic demand. We will give priority to restoring and expanding consumption. Increase the income of urban and rural residents through multiple channels. Stabilizing the large consumption of automobiles and promoting the recovery of life service consumption such as catering, culture, tourism and sports. Government investment and policy incentives should effectively drive the investment of the whole society. This year, we plan to arrange 3.8 trillion yuan of special bonds for local governments, accelerate the implementation of the major projects of the 14th Five Year Plan, implement urban renewal actions, promote regional complementarities, develop their strengths, and continue to increase support for the economic and social development of regions severely affected by the epidemic, We will encourage and attract more private capital to participate in the construction of major national projects and projects to address weaknesses, and stimulate the vitality of private investment.
（2） Accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system. Strengthen the support of scientific and technological innovation for industrial development. Continuously carry out the action of strengthening the industrial chain and supplementing the chain, focus on the key industrial chain of the manufacturing industry, concentrate high-quality resources to jointly promote the key core technology research, and fully stimulate innovation vitality. We will strengthen domestic exploration and development of important energy and mineral resources and increase reserves and production. Accelerate the digital transformation of traditional industries and small and medium-sized enterprises, and strive to improve the level of high-end, intelligent and green. Accelerate the research and development, application and promotion of cutting-edge technologies, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Build an efficient and smooth logistics system. Vigorously develop the digital economy, improve the level of normalized supervision, and support the development of platform economy.
（3） We will earnestly implement the "two unswervingly" policy. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and enterprises, and improve the core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises. Adhere to the direction of classified reform, properly handle the relationship between the economic responsibility and social responsibility of state-owned enterprises, and improve the modern corporate governance of state-owned enterprises with Chinese characteristics. Protect the property rights of private enterprises and the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, improve relevant policies, encourage and support the development and growth of private economy and private enterprises, support the development of small, medium-sized and micro enterprises and individual businesses, build a pro government business relationship, create a fair competition and competitive development environment for all types of ownership enterprises, and use real strategies to stabilize market expectations and boost market confidence.
（4） We will make greater efforts to attract and utilize foreign capital. Expand market access and open up the modern service industry. We will implement national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises. Actively promote the accession to high standard economic and trade agreements such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (CPTPP), actively compare relevant rules, regulations, management and standards, and steadily expand institutional openness. We will optimize the layout of regional opening up, implement the strategy of upgrading the pilot free trade zone, and give full play to the pioneering role of Hainan Free Trade Port, various development zones and other open platforms. We will continue to play the role of import and export in supporting the economy. We will do a good job in providing services to foreign-funded enterprises and promote the implementation and construction of foreign-funded landmark projects. The open Chinese market will certainly provide more opportunities for enterprises from all countries to develop in China.
（5） Effectively prevent and resolve major economic and financial risks. Deepen the reform of the financial system, improve financial supervision, tighten the responsibilities of all parties, and prevent the formation of regional and systematic financial risks. Effectively prevent and resolve the risks of high-quality leading real estate enterprises, improve the balance sheet, prevent disorderly expansion, and promote the steady development of the real estate industry. Prevent and resolve local government debt risks, optimize the debt maturity structure, reduce the interest burden, curb the increase and resolve the stock.
（6） Stabilize grain production and promote rural revitalization. Promote agricultural modernization and rural modernization in an integrated way. We will stabilize the sown area of grain, focus on oilseed production, and implement a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin. We will improve the mechanism for ensuring supply and stabilizing prices of agricultural materials. We will strengthen the protection of cultivated land and strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as farmland water conservancy and high standard farmland. Deeply implement the seed industry revitalization action. We will strengthen support for agricultural science and technology and equipment. We will improve the income security mechanism for grain farmers and the benefit compensation mechanism for major production areas. Establish the concept of big food and build a diversified food supply system. Develop rural characteristic industries and broaden the channels for farmers to increase income and become rich. Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and resolutely prevent large-scale poverty alleviation. We will promote rural development. The national policy of extending the land contract period for another 30 years must be firmly implemented through careful work.
（7） Promote the green transformation of the development mode. Deeply promote the prevention and control of environmental pollution. We will strengthen the comprehensive management of river basins, strengthen the construction of urban and rural environmental infrastructure, and continue to implement major projects to protect and repair important ecosystems. We will promote clean and efficient energy use and technology research and development, accelerate the construction of a new energy system, and increase the proportion of renewable energy. We will improve policies and financial tools to support green development, develop a circular economy, promote resource conservation and intensive use, promote energy conservation, carbon reduction and pollution reduction in key areas, and continue to fight a battle against blue sky, clear water and clean land.
（8） We will ensure basic people's wellbeing and develop social programs. We will strengthen the construction of the housing security system, support the demand for rigid and improved housing, solve the housing problems of new citizens and young people, and accelerate the transformation of old residential areas and dilapidated houses. We will accelerate the construction of a high-quality education system, promote high-quality balanced development of compulsory education and urban-rural integration, promote inclusive development of preschool education and special education, vigorously develop vocational education, promote innovation in higher education, support the development of colleges and universities in the central and western regions, and deepen the integration of sports and education. Deepen the reform of the medical and health system, and promote the coordinated development and governance of medical insurance, medical treatment and medicine. We will expand and sink high-quality medical resources and promote a balanced regional distribution. We will implement a major project to revitalize and develop traditional Chinese medicine. Pay attention to mental health and mental health. We will implement the national strategy of actively responding to the aging population, strengthen the security of elderly care services, and improve the fertility support policy system. We will safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of women, children, the elderly and the disabled. We will do a good job in providing preferential treatment and pensions to military families, ex servicemen and other preferential recipients. We will prosper and develop cultural undertakings and industries. Improve the efficiency of social governance. We will strengthen work safety supervision and disaster prevention, mitigation and relief. Fully implement the overall national security concept and build a higher level of safe China.
Further strengthen the self construction of the government, continue to transform the government's functions, do a good job in institutional reform, solidly promote the construction of a rule of law government, an innovative government, an honest government and a service-oriented government, carry forward the spirit of hard work, vigorously promote the wind of investigation and research, and improve administrative efficiency and credibility.
Dear delegates!
We should focus on building a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation, adhere to and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and promote the common unity, struggle, prosperity and development of all ethnic groups. Adhere to the basic principles of the Party's religious work, adhere to the orientation of Chinese religions, and actively guide religions to adapt to socialist society. We will strengthen and improve the work of overseas Chinese affairs, and bring together the strong forces of Chinese people at home and abroad to work together to create brilliance.
We need to thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's thought of building a strong military, implement the military strategic policy for the new era, focus on achieving the goal of building the military in the centenary, fight, prepare for war, and build at the same time, and accomplish all the tasks entrusted by the Party and the people. We will comprehensively strengthen military training and preparations, innovate military strategic guidance, make great efforts to combat oriented military training, and make overall efforts to combat in all directions and fields. Comprehensively strengthen military governance, consolidate and expand the achievements of national defense and military reform, strengthen the overall planning of major tasks and war preparedness, and accelerate the implementation of major national defense development projects. Consolidate and improve the strategic system and capability of an integrated country, and strengthen the capacity building of defense science, technology and industry. We will deepen national defense education for all. Governments at all levels should vigorously support the building of national defense and the military, carry out in-depth "double support" activities, and work together to write a new chapter of military government military civilian unity.
We need to comprehensively, accurately and unswervingly implement the principles of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao", and a high degree of autonomy, adhere to the rule of Hong Kong and Macao according to law, maintain the constitutional order of the special administrative regions as defined by the Constitution and the Basic Law, and implement the principles of "patriot governing Hong Kong" and "patriot governing Macao". We will support Hong Kong and Macao in developing their economies, improving their people's wellbeing, and maintaining their long-term prosperity and stability.
We should adhere to the Party's overall strategy for solving the Taiwan issue in the new era, adhere to the one China principle and the 1992 Consensus, firmly oppose "independence" and promote reunification, promote the peaceful development of cross Straits relations, and promote the process of peaceful reunification of the motherland. The compatriots on both sides of the Straits are connected by blood. We should promote economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation on both sides of the Straits, improve the systems and policies that promote the well-being of Taiwan compatriots, and promote the joint promotion of Chinese culture and the concerted efforts of both sides to create a great cause of rejuvenation.
We must firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, adhere to the development of friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, firmly pursue a win-win strategy of opening up, and always be a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order. China is willing to work with the international community to implement the global development initiative and the global security initiative, carry forward the common values of all mankind, work together to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, and maintain world peace and regional stability.
Dear delegates!
Strive to create brilliance, and work hard to win the future. We should unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era as the guide, comprehensively implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, forge ahead, promote the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society We will comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and work tirelessly to build China into a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful modern socialist power!
(Note: PM2.5 is the lower right corner of PM plus 2.5)
