| 閆倩倩，李彬，廖梅傑，王印庚，張正，於永翔，榮小軍，李德軍.山東主要刺參養殖區幼參腸道抗生素耐藥菌及耐藥基因分佈特徵.漁業科學進展，2020,41（4）：134-143 |
| 山東主要刺參養殖區幼參腸道抗生素耐藥菌及耐藥基因分佈特徵 |
| Distribution Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistant Genes in the Intestine of Cultured Sea Cucumber（Apostichopus japonicus）Seedlings in Shandong Province |
| 投稿時間：2019-04-24 修訂日期：2019-05-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文關鍵字： 刺參 腸道 耐藥菌 耐藥基因 螢光定量PCR |
| 英文關鍵字： Apostichopus japonicus Intestine Antibiotic resistant bacteria Antimicrobial resistant genes Quantitive real-time PCR |
| 基金項目： |
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| 摘要點擊次數： 1736 |
| 全文下載次數： 1280 |
| 中文摘要： |
| 為解析現時刺參（Apostichopus japonicus）苗種攜帶耐藥菌及耐藥基因現狀，本研究從煙臺、威海、青島3個刺參主要養殖區的6家養殖場採集了幼參，對其腸道內容物中常用抗生素的耐藥菌數量、占比和種類進行檢測。利用螢光定量PCR科技，對樣本中4類抗生素的7種耐藥基因分布情况進行分析。結果顯示，所檢測的6個採樣點中均有6種抗生素耐藥菌的檢出，從耐藥菌占比來看，耐藥菌占比最高的種類是乙醯甲喹、萘啶酸和四環素耐藥菌，占比分別為0.05%~40.06%、2.16%~39.94%和0.06%~23.15%，氟苯尼考、慶大黴素和鏈黴素耐藥菌的占比均不高，占比範圍為0.01%~4.15%。由所分離到的98株耐藥菌的鑒定結果可以看出，可培養的抗生素耐藥菌分為4門5綱30屬，主要集中在弧菌屬、芽孢杆菌屬和嗜冷杆菌屬，占檢出率的15.30%、13.27%和12.25%。基於屬水准的不同抗生素耐藥菌種類的分佈統計結果顯示，各採樣點耐藥菌種類差異較大，而且弧菌屬、芽孢杆菌屬和嗜冷杆菌屬中均存在同一菌屬中有耐多種抗生素的情况。對6個樣本7種抗生素耐藥基因的豐度檢測結果顯示，同一類抗生素的不同耐藥基因的含量差异顯著，除氨基糖苷類抗生素耐藥基因aadA的相對拷貝數比例和鏈黴素以及慶大黴素耐藥菌占比之間存在顯著相關性（P<0.05）外，其他抗生素耐藥基因的豐度與耐藥菌占比之間相關性不顯著（P>0.05）。研究表明，苗期刺參中存在一定的攜帶耐藥菌和耐藥基因的風險。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| In order to understand the current status of drug-resistant bacteria and drug-resistant genes in the sea cucumber，seedlings were collected from 6 aquaculture farms in Shandong Province.The number，proportion and species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the intestinal were tested.Meanwhile，the distribution of seven drug-resistant genes of four classes of antibiotics was analyzed by quantitive real-time PCR（qRT-PCR）.The results were listed as follows: All of the six kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are detected at all six sampling sites.According to the proportion of drug-resistant bacteria to total cultured bacteria，the top three highest proportions are mequindox，nalidixic acid and tetracycline-resistant bacteria，with the proportions are 0.05%~40.06%，2.16%~39.94% and 0.06%~ 23.15%，respectively.The proportion of florfenicol，gentamicin and streptomycin-resistant bacteria range from 0.01% to 4.15%.The 98 antibiotic-resistant bacteria strains are identified as 4 phyla，5 classes and 30 genera based on 16S rDNA sequence.The top 3 genera are Vibrio，Bacillus and Psychrobacter with the detection rates of 15.30%，13.27% and 12.25%，respectively.The components of drug-resistant bacteria species varied at different sampling sites，and there are compound antibiotic-resistant strains in Vibrio，Bacillus and Psychrobacter genera.The abundances of seven antibiotic resistance genes in six samples show that the contents of different antibiotic resistance genes against the same antibiotic are significantly different.There is significant correlation between the relative copy number ratio of aminoglycoside resistance gene（aadA）and the proportion of streptomycin and gentamicin-resistant bacteria. The correlation between the abundance of the other six genes and the proportion of drug-resistant bacteria is not significant.The results indicate that there is a certain risk of drug-resistant bacteria and drug-resistant genes in the seedling stage of sea cumber. |
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