| 王壇，趙金鑫，劉東來，孔純，華雪銘，吳釗，王剛，馮悅，楊景豐，劉韜.飼用溶菌酶對吉富羅非魚消化道組織結構和營養物質消化吸收的影響.漁業科學進展，2019,40（6）：76-87 |
| 飼用溶菌酶對吉富羅非魚消化道組織結構和營養物質消化吸收的影響 |
| Effects of Dietary Lysozyme on the Digestive Tract Structure and Nutrient Digestibility of GIFT Tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus） |
| 投稿時間：2018-09-18 修訂日期：2018-10-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文關鍵字： 吉富羅非魚 溶菌酶 消化吸收率 消化酶 肝腸組織形態 |
| 英文關鍵字： GIFT tilapia Lysozyme Nutrient digestibility Digestive enzyme Digestive tract morphology |
| 基金項目： |
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| 摘要點擊次數： 4184 |
| 全文下載次數： 5097 |
| 中文摘要： |
| 為了解飼用溶菌酶對吉富羅非魚（Oreochromis niloticus）消化道組織結構發育和營養物質利用的影響，本研究設計5種飼料溶菌酶添加水准：18 mg/kg（L18）、36 mg/kg（L36）、54 mg/kg（L54）、72 mg/kg（L72）和90 mg/kg（L90），以不添加溶菌酶的飼料（L0）為對照，進行為期60 d的飼養。結果顯示，飼料中添加溶菌酶對吉富羅非魚肝臟和胃腸道消化酶活性產生了不同程度的影響。L36、L54和L72組的胃、前腸和中腸蛋白酶活性顯著高於對照組（P<0.05），肝臟、前腸脂肪酶活性在L54和L72組均顯著高於對照組（P<0.05），澱粉酶活性在除前腸、中腸外的L72和L90組顯著高於對照組（P<0.05）。L36、L54和L72組魚的腸道不同部位腸絨毛密度、高度和寬度較對照組顯著提高，在肌層厚度上，溶菌酶添加組在前腸和後腸部位有下降趨勢，L18、L36和L90組顯著低於對照組（P<0.05），而在中腸部位，肌層厚度隨添加水准升高而呈先昇後降的變化趨勢，L36、L54和L72組在數值上高於對照組，但無顯著性差异（P>0.05）；杯狀細胞數量在L54和L72組均顯著高於對照組（P<0.05）。肝臟切片圖顯示，L36和L54組肝細胞排列整齊、形狀飽滿，相較於對照組更緻密，但高劑量添加組的肝臟健康程度有下降趨勢。消化吸收率方面，在飼養Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期，L36和L54組對粗蛋白的錶觀消化率顯著高於對照組，到飼養Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期，L36~L90組對幹物質、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的消化吸收率均有顯著提高（P<0.05）。研究表明，在本實驗條件下，36、54 mg/kg溶菌酶添加水准具有最穩定的作用效果，吉富羅非魚通過肝腸發育和消化酶活性的提高來促進對飼料幹物質、粗蛋白和粗脂肪的消化吸收。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| To investigate the effects of lysozyme as a green feed additive on the development of the digestive tract and digestive utilization of nutrients in GIFT tilapia，a 60-day feeding trial was conducted with graded levels of dietary lysozyme（0，18，36，54，72，and 90 mg/kg，marked as L0，L18，L36，L54，L72，and L90 respectively）.The results were as follows: The fish had a different feedback response on the digestive enzyme activity in the liver and the gastrointestinal tract among groups；the protease activity in the stomach，and the anterior and middle intestine of L36~L72 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）；the lipase activity in the liver and the anterior intestine of the L54 and L72 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）；and the amylase activity in the digestive tracts（anterior and middle intestine excluded）of the L72 and L90 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）.The intestinal morphology showed that the values of villus density，villus height，and villus width of different intestinal parts in L36~L72 groups were higher than those of the control group，while the muscular thickness of the anterior and distal intestine was reduced in dietary lysozyme groups.The thickness of the middle intestines of the L18，L36，and L90 groups was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05），and there was a firstly increased and then decrease tendency.The thickness of the middle intestines of L36~L72 groups were all higher than the control group with no significant difference（P>0.05）.The goblet cell numbers were more in the L54 and L72 groups than in the control group（P<0.05）.The liver morphology showed that the liver cells were more voluptuous and denser in the L36 and L54 groups than in the control group，while worse health condition was found in the L90 group.With regards to apparent nutrient digestibility，the crude protein digestibility was significantly higher in the L36 and L540 groups than in the control group in periods I andⅡ（P<0.05），and in periodsⅢandⅣ.The digestibility of dry matter，crude protein，and crude lipid were significantly higher in L36~L90 groups than in the control group（P<0.05）.The results above indicated that 36 and 54 mg/kg dietary lysozyme had the most stable efficacy，which could improve GIFT tilapia dry matter，crude protein，and crude lipid digestibility by promoting liver and intestine development and digestive enzyme activity. |
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