Thomas John Seebeck was born in Tallinn and died on December 10, 1831.In 1821, Seebeck discovered the thermoelectric effect named after him, namelySeebeck effect。
Thomas John Seebeck was born in 1770 in a wealthy business family in Tallinn, Germany.
In 1788, Seebeck graduated from the Tallinn Imperial Grammar School.Later, he went to Gettingen University to study medicine.
In 1792 he passed the final medical examination.And practice surgery.
In 1802, he received a medical degree from the University of Gettingen.
It was his father's wish that Seebeck should study medicine.But he is more interested in physics.Therefore, after receiving a medical degree, Seebeck settled in Bayreuth.Concentrate on physics.
He died in Berlin in 1831.
Scientific research achievements
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(1) In 1808, Seebeck was the first to make and describe a mixture of potassium.
(2) In 1810, Seebeck was the first to record the spectrum of sunlight on Agcl.This phenomenon has created conditions for the development of color photography and holography in the future.In the same year, he first observed the ferromagnetism of cobalt and nickel.
(3) In 1813, Seebeck discovered the calendering effect when he studied quenched glass plates and blocks.That is, if there is stress in the glass, the polarized light will interfere when it passes through.This effect can be used to measure the residual stress in the glass material.
(4) In 1821, Seebeck found two different wires and connected them at one end.Then make the temperature of one end of the connector different from that of the disconnected two ends. He found that there would be a potential difference between the open two ends. Connect them into a loop, and there would be a current in the loop that would deflect the nearby magnetic needle.At first, Seebeck mistakenly believed that magnetism was induced by different temperatures.But he soon found that it was the magnetic field generated by the current described by Ampere's law that deflected the magnetic needle.In this way, Seebeck discovered the thermoelectric effect.It is now called Peltier Seebeck effect.This effect is the basis for thermocouple and thermoelectric pair to measure temperature.[1]
