The treatment of enlarged prostate can be divided into conservative observation, lifestyle intervention, drug treatment and surgical treatment. The pathological state of the enlarged prostate is benign prostatic hyperplasia, which is a common disease of elderly men. Its clinical manifestations are lower urinary tract symptoms, including symptoms in the urine storage period, symptoms in the urination period, and symptoms after urination. The symptoms of urine storage period refer to frequent urination, urgency of urination, incontinence and nocturnal urination; The symptoms of urination period refer to the thinning of urine line, the shortening of urine line, the difficulty of urination, and the interruption of urination; The symptoms after urination refer to continuous urination and dripping after urination. The frequency of urination is a typical symptom of BPH in the urine storage period. In terms of lifestyle, it is necessary to avoid alcohol, coffee and other irritant drinks, and can exercise bladder function at ordinary times. The main drugs for BPH include α - receptor blockers and 5 α - reductase inhibitors. The mechanism of α - receptor blockers is to block α - adrenergic receptors distributed on the surface of smooth muscle of prostate and bladder neck, relax smooth muscle, and alleviate bladder outlet obstruction. The action mechanism of 5 α - reductase inhibitor is to reduce the content of dihydrotestosterone in prostate tissue by inhibiting the transformation of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in vivo, so as to reduce prostate volume and improve lower urinary tract symptoms. When complications related to BPH occur, including repeated urinary retention, bladder stones, repeated urinary tract infections, repeated hematuria, and hydronephrosis with or without renal damage, surgery is required.
