The ovarian function of postmenopausal women is low, which leads to the decrease of estrogen level in the body, hyperparathyroidism, and affects the secretion of calcitonin, thus leading to increased bone absorption, rapid loss of bone mass, and osteoporosis. More than half of women over 50 years old will have postmenopausal osteoporosis, which usually occurs in 5-10 years after menopause, most often in the vertebral body. Its main symptoms are pain in the whole body, or pain in the back and waist, and aggravation during weight bearing or activity. Another common symptom is the deformation of the spine and the limitation of extension, such as the hump with chest, which affects the thoracic and cardiopulmonary functions. Postmenopausal osteoporosis patients are often complicated with brittle fractures. The main reason for postmenopausal osteoporosis is the lack of estrogen, so postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy is the first choice. In addition to preventing bone loss, postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy also has the overall benefit of improving the function of systemic organs, which is beyond the reach of any other osteoporosis prevention drugs. Therefore, when there are indications for postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and no contraindications, postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy should be the first choice to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis, especially in the early menopause.
