The neck swelling of hyperthyroidism patients is mainly due to the thyroid related antibodies stimulating thyroid tissue, which leads to thyroid cell hyperplasia, thus leading to goiter. Therefore, when thyroid cells proliferate excessively, they will secrete too much thyroxine, and when thyroxine is released into the blood, it will form an increase in the basic metabolic rate, the sympathetic nervous system will be excited, and a series of clinical symptoms will appear. It includes exophthalmos, tremor, goiter, irritability, increased stool frequency, emaciation and other symptoms. In terms of treatment, we mainly give antithyroid drugs, including oral antithyroid drugs. If necessary, we can also choose radioactive iodine treatment and surgical treatment to maintain thyroxine within the normal physiological range through treatment, It can avoid a series of symptoms caused by various stimuli.