Urinary tract infection is a disease caused by some factors that cause pathogens to invade the body and break through the body's defense through ascending infection, blood line infection, direct infection, and even lymphatic infection. The basic cause is bacterial infection. 95% of urinary tract infections are caused by a single bacterial infection, among which Escherichia coli is the most common. The second is Klebsiella, Proteus, Citrobacter, and other pathogenic bacteria include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, chlamydia, mycoplasma, fungi, trichomonas, and viruses. The inducing factor is mainly due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the genitourinary system, so that the bacteria can not stay and reproduce under normal conditions, so it is not easy to cause infection. Once the urogenital system undergoes pathological changes, the function of defense against infection is destroyed, and pathogenic bacteria take advantage of the situation to induce infection. There are structural urinary tract obstruction, such as stones, benign prostatic hyperplasia, stricture, tumor, habitual suffocation, etc. There are also functional urinary tract obstruction, such as vesicoureteral reflux, neurogenic bladder, pregnancy, etc. There is also low immunity, long-term use of immunosuppressants, diabetes, AIDS or serious chronic diseases, long-term bed rest, etc. There are also structural abnormalities of the urinary system, such as renal dysplasia, renal pelvis and ureteral malformations, transplanted kidney, polycystic kidney, etc. There are also female physiological structure characteristics, the urethra is relatively short, relatively wide, relatively straight, close to the vaginal orifice, the anus is relatively close, and male phimosis and foreskin are too long. There are also some sexual activities. Frequent sexual activities cause bacteria around the urethral orifice to squeeze into the bladder and cause urinary tract infection. There are also some iatrogenic factors, including indwelling catheter, cystoscopy, ureteroscopy, etc. Some genetic factors can also cause urinary tract infection.
