Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that involves multiple systems and organs of the body and has a large number of autoantibodies. Usually, patients can show various symptoms of multiple organ involvement, such as fever and hair loss, ulcers or erosion of oral and nasopharyngeal mucosa. There may also be various skin lesions, including butterfly erythema or discoid erythema on the face, and various skin rashes on the trunk or limbs. Herpes may also occur, and it may also be manifested as skin photosensitivity and Raynaud's phenomenon. In addition, multiple joint inflammation can also occur, which is characterized by joint swelling and pain. In addition, there will be muscle weakness and pain, vasculitis, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, ascites, etc. In addition, when visceral damage occurs, hematuria, proteinuria, renal failure, arrhythmia and heart failure may occur. There will also be interstitial lung disease, lupus pneumonia and various abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and other symptoms. If the nervous system is involved, it will also show personality changes, mental disorders or seizures, coma and so on.
