What Is Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder?

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder, also known by the acronym HSDD, is a clinical diagnosis for when a person loses interest in sexual activity for an extended period. Typically, the diagnosis is given after the problem has persisted for more than six months, and a person is frustrated or upset by their lack of interest. HSDD is a form of sexual dysfunction .

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder Symptoms

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder may look at a glance like experiencing low libido , something that occurs for many people at varying points throughout life. But it's more serious than a passing waning of interest in sex or sexual expression. A diagnosis of HSDD centers around the persistence of symptoms for a duration of six months or more. The following are common HSDD symptoms.  

• Decreased frequency in thoughts about sex
• Lowered physical response to sexual stimulation
• Difficulty obtaining pleasure from sex
• Lack of motivation to initiate sex
• Avoidance of sexual situations

Diagnosis of HSDD

There isn't a single clinical test that can be used to diagnose HSDD. However, there are numerous ways that a practitioner can diagnose the disorder. In order for this to occur, you will likely have to speak up about it first.

Blood tests can help determine the cause of your HSDD. Your doctor may test your hormone levels, including testosterone, progesterone, and estrogen, and your thyroid hormone function. They may also look to rule out underlying causes of HSDD such as diabetes.

For people with vaginas, a practitioner may recommend a visit to the gynecologist. A physical exam by one can help determine if there are physical problems, such as thinning of the tissues in the vaginal walls, that are contributing to your lack of desire.

Causes of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

There are a variety of causes of HSDD. Here are the most common ones.

Hormone Replacement Therapy

The hormones given to trans women are notorious for causing a lowered sex drive, sometimes to the point of HSDD. This is because estrogen tends to work against one's sex drive, while testosterone increases it, and HRT for trans women generally involves taking estrogen.

Menopause

HSDD occurs frequently in women who have gone through menopause .

Stress and Anxiety

Research has shown that there is a significant relationship between increased stress and lowered libido . If you have been undergoing a prolonged period of stress and/or life problems, that may be the cause of your HSDD.

Dysphoria and Body Image

The feeling of not being comfortable in your body can lead a person to feel less sexual in it. Both gender  dysphoria  and body image challenges can cause HSDD.

Sexual Abuse and Trauma

Rape trauma syndrome  is a form of PSTD that can present after sexual assault, and it can persist for years. it can make a person fearful or avoidant of close contact with others, both in sexual and nonsexual contexts.

Medication

Numerous categories of medications are known for causing sexual dysfunction and lowered libido. This can persist if a person has to stay on the medication indefinitely or for a long period of time.

HSDD Treatment Options

To treat HSDD, you may have to try more than one thing. Here are some of the ways it's managed.

Patience

HSDD can sometimes go away on its own. If you're in the process of adjusting to a medication, for example, your body may eventually adapt well enough that your previous desire levels return.

Medication 

Taking a medication that is known to increase sex drive may be beneficial. There are a number of medications that are employed for this purpose.

Testosterone can increase sex drive, so it is an option for some people. It would be counterintuitive for trans women, though, since their gender-affirming care typically seeks to minimize testosterone production. It may, though, be helpful for women moving through menopause.

Lifestyle Changes

There are some lifestyle changes that can have a positive impact on HSDD, though trying them may be more of a trial and error process than something as concrete as taking a medication.

Communicating with your partner(s) about your experience with HSDD can take the emotional charge out of it, and help normalize it, which may lead to less stress and anxiety around the problem.

Therapy

There are multiple forms of therapy that can be useful for HSDD, as just the act of talking openly about a problem can help to resolve it. A person might benefit the most from sex therapy, which can be conducted in person or online .

A sex therapist can help you work through why you are experiencing HSDD, as well as help you discern what behavioral or life changes can be made that could help the problem resolve.

How to Cope With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Living with HSDD can be frustrating, and it can make you feel alienated from your loved ones—especially if sexual connection is a big part of your relationship with any of them. Know that HSDD can be resolved and is not necessarily a permanent condition. To obtain the help you need, be forthright with your medical practitioners to enable them to help you as comprehensively as possible.