Database performance optimization can further ensure that the server system can maintain efficient operation when processing a large amount of data. Database structure, query statements, indexes, hardware, software configuration and other optimizations can improve the performance of the database. There are many common methods to optimize the database, among which the more effective ones are: reasonable design of database structure, optimization of query statements, creation of appropriate indexes, regular maintenance and optimization of database statistics, partitioning and table partitioning, use of cache and cache strategies, monitoring and tuning.
The database structure optimization generally selects standardized/de standardized design, vertical/horizontal segmentation, data type selection, reduces storage space, reduces data redundancy, avoids tedious operations, and reduces query efficiency according to business conditions and specific needs.
The optimized query statement can avoid full table scanning and filter the result set by using the WHERE clause by writing an efficient SQL query. Avoid unnecessary columns or functions in queries, reduce query calculation costs, and use index coverage to reduce data reading frequency.
Create appropriate indexes to build indexes for frequently queried columns. Be careful not to over quote. The higher the index selectivity is, the better the use of the database will be.
Regular maintenance of database statistics and timely update of database statistics to ensure that the query optimizer can get the correct execution plan. Perform regular database defragmentation to optimize the storage layout.
Configure hardware/software parameters and divide a large table into multiple partitions and tables to reduce the load of a single operation. The data access mode distributes the data to different physical storage devices.
Through caching and caching strategies, frequent access to the database is reduced and the response speed of the database is improved. The consistency and real-time effectiveness of data can be ensured by using appropriate cache strategies, expiration strategies, cache warm-up, etc.
Database monitoring, adjustment and optimization, such as regular monitoring of specific indicators, including response time, throughput, resource utilization, etc. Adjust the database configuration and optimization strategy according to the monitoring results to meet the business requirements and improve performance.
In general, database optimization can start from the use and maintenance, mainly from the above aspects. The actual situation may vary depending on the database type, application scenarios and business requirements.
