1、 Basic concept of cold wave
Cold wave refers to the weather activity where cold air from high latitudes invades into middle and low latitudes on a large scale and causes severe cooling (according to Cold Air Level According to GB ／ T20484-2017, cold wave means that the daily minimum temperature decreases by more than or equal to 8 ℃ within 24 hours, or by more than or equal to 10 ℃ within 48 hours, or by more than or equal to 12 ℃ within 72 hours, and the daily minimum temperature of the place decreases to 4 ℃ or below, and the daily minimum temperature decreases continuously within 48 hours and 72 hours).
2、 Cold Wave Health Risk
The temperature drop can lead to the contraction of human blood vessels and the acceleration of respiratory rate. During the cold wave, the cold weather is easy to cause superficial skin damage and form chilblain, which aggravates the pain of patients with arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. It is easy to induce airway spasm, abnormal immune function of respiratory system, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute attack of bronchial asthma, acute respiratory infection and other respiratory diseases. It is easy to cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, acute heart failure, transient cerebral insufficiency, and stroke. At the same time, it may aggravate the diseases of urinary system and endocrine system, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes, etc.
3、 Key protection population
There are three main groups of people: the first group is sensitive people, such as infants, children, pregnant women, and the elderly; The second category is people with chronic basic diseases, such as people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, etc; The third category is outdoor workers, such as traffic police, sanitation workers, construction workers, couriers, delivery workers, etc.
4、 Cold wave meteorological warning information
According to the Cold Wave Warning Signals and Prevention Guidelines, the cold wave warning signals are divided into four levels.
5、 Guide to graded protective measures
In view of the level of cold wave warning signal, we propose graded crowd protection measures.
