Author: Dong Xin
"Three summers" is short for summer harvest, summer planting and summer pipe. It starts in late May and ends in June and July every year. This is a key stage for crop planting throughout the year.
During the "Three Summers", according to Xinhua News Agency, Liu Guozhong, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, went to Hebei for research on June 15.
In Baoding, Liu Guozhong went into the field to check the soil moisture and drought, communicated with grain farmers and front-line agricultural technicians, investigated the agricultural drought resistance irrigation situation on the spot, and understood the progress of summer harvest and summer sowing and summer pipe.
Food security is "the biggest of the country". In 2024, the overall goal of China's grain production is to ensure that the grain output remains above 1.3 trillion kg.
Summer sown grain crops mainly include summer corn, summer soybeans and southern mid late rice, covering an area of about 460 million mu, accounting for a quarter of the annual grain. Up to now, 50% of the national summer broadcasts have been conducted.
But at the same time, the continuous high temperature in northern China and the rapid development of drought have brought adverse effects on agricultural production.
stay Henan Since late April, the average precipitation of the province has been 26.6 mm, 75% less than that in the same period of the year. Especially since June, 72 national meteorological stations in 16 cities under the jurisdiction of Anyang and other provinces have experienced severe drought or above.
stay Shandong Since this year, the average precipitation of the province has been 102.2 mm, 27.6% less than that of the same period of the year; Since June, the average precipitation has been 4.7 mm, 81.2% less than that of the same period of the year. As of June 13, the drought affected area of crops in the province was 3.9 million mu.
stay Anhui The latest monitoring shows that there is severe meteorological drought along the Huaihe River and north of the Huaihe River, of which some areas in Fuyang, Bozhou, Huaibei and Suzhou are extremely dry.
In Liu Guozhong's research Hebei Since May, the average precipitation of the province has been 47.4mm, 20.1% less than that of the same period of the year. The area to be sown in summer is 15.603 million mu, of which 830000 mu are sown in dry land without irrigation conditions.
Summer sown crops such as corn and soybean are in the sowing and seedling stage, so they need a lot of water. However, due to drought and water shortage, the soil water content of some cultivated land to be sown is declining continuously.
"Overcoming the impact of high temperature and drought and grasping the agricultural time and summer sowing are of great significance for seizing the annual grain harvest." Liu Guozhong said in the survey.
The key to summer sowing is watering to supplement soil moisture.
Moisture refers to the humidity of soil suitable for seed germination and crop growth. The soil moisture is called moisture, which mainly reflects the soil moisture content, which is an important monitoring indicator of drought.
For drought resistance and summer sowing, Liu Guozhong emphasized several requirements in the survey:
It is necessary to make overall allocation and scientific allocation of drought resistant water sources, give full play to the role of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, strengthen agricultural water conservation, and effectively guarantee the timely planting of crops and the irrigation needs of emerging crops.
According to the meteorological conditions and the needs of summer sowing in various regions, the artificial precipitation enhancement operation should be carried out in a timely and scientific manner.
It is necessary to strengthen the guidance and service of agricultural drought resistance technology, carry out drought resistance irrigation and field management according to the time, place, water and seedling, and implement drought resistance measures such as planting soil moisture and watering "masked water" after sowing.
For plots that are really difficult to sow at the right time due to drought, guide and support farmers to change to drought resistant crops to minimize the impact of drought.
We should continue to do a good job in weather forecast, strengthen water regime monitoring and water use situation research and judgment, and intensify drought monitoring consultation to provide support for scientific response.
A number of work has been carried out.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs sent three working groups led by department and bureau level cadres and seven science and technology teams to seven provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, and Shaanxi to guide local drought preparedness and response work, implement key technical measures for drought and water conservation such as soil moisture planting, water seeding, and micro sprinkler irrigation, and ensure that all seedlings are sown at the right time.
The Ministry of Water Resources upgraded the emergency response to drought prevention in Henan and Hebei provinces to level III, and maintained the level IV emergency response to drought prevention in Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.
The national defense headquarters launched a four level emergency response to drought in Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Shandong.
The latest news from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs shows that up to now, all regions have carried out soil moisture planting and drought resistant watering 110 million mu times.
"We should continue to focus on agricultural machinery scheduling, smooth transportation, summer grain harvesting, purchase, storage, etc., to ensure that summer grain grains are returned to the warehouse. We should adhere to the two pronged approach of drought and flood control, prevent the sudden turn of drought and flood, implement measures to increase yield per unit area in a large area, strictly prevent diseases and pests, and comprehensively do a good job in combating disasters and harvesting." Liu Guozhong stressed.
Information | Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News, People's Daily Online, etc
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