Approved! This megacity is madly building universities

　　 Author: Yu Fei

　　 01

　　 Shenzhen University of Technology was approved

Shenzhen has created the speed of economic development that the world looks up to, and now it is building a university again.

After being approved by the Ministry of Education to run Shenzhen City Vocational College in March, the Ministry of Education recently approved a university in Shenzhen, Shenzhen University of Technology.

On May 15, the Ministry of Education issued the Announcement on Approving the Establishment of Undergraduate Institutions of Higher Learning, setting up and transferring 24 universities at one time.

Shenzhen University of Science and Technology is among them.

　　 Source: Ministry of Education

The main campus of Shenzhen University of Technology is located in Shenzhen Guangming Science City.

According to its official website, Shenzhen University of Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is an independent full-time university jointly built by the Shenzhen Municipal People's Government and the Chinese Academy of Sciences on the existing basis of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, giving play to the advantages of science and education, and striving to build a world-class research university based on science and engineering, leading by science.

It can be said that Shenzhen University of Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was born with a golden spoon, and the starting point is very high.

It belongs to the Chinese Academy of Sciences. With the accession of Shenzhen University of Technology, the number of universities under the Chinese Academy of Sciences has expanded to three, and the other two are the University of Science and Technology of China (in Hefei) and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (in Beijing).

Hefei and Beijing are comprehensive national science centers. At present, there are 5 cities and regions with the title of "Comprehensive National Science Center", including Huairou in Beijing, Zhangjiang in Shanghai, Hefei, Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Bay Area and Xi'an.

Before Shenzhen University of Technology, only Beijing and Hefei had CAS universities. Now CAS has placed the third directly affiliated university in Shenzhen, which is not only recognition of Shenzhen's scientific innovation strength, but also further empowerment of Shenzhen's scientific innovation strength.

　　 02

　　 Increase 8 colleges and universities in ten years

After the approval of Shenzhen University of Technology, on May 16, the Information Office of Shenzhen Municipal Government held the sixth press conference of the series of theme "Promoting high-quality development", "Promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology talents".

At the meeting, Shenzhen disclosed several sets of data:

　　 In the decade, 8 new universities were established, and the number of universities reached 17. Eight universities were selected into the construction plan of high-level universities in Guangdong Province. Six disciplines ranked in the top 1 ‰ of the ESI, and 44 disciplines ranked in the top 1% of the ESI;

　　 In the past three years, 544000 new basic education degrees have been added, exceeding the total of the 12th Five Year Plan and the 13th Five Year Plan;

　　 There are more than 6.79 million talents, 25000 high-level talents, and more than 200000 returned overseas students in Shenzhen. More and more talents gather in Shenzhen, a "city that makes people realize their dreams";

　　 The whole society invested 188.049 billion yuan in R&D, accounting for 5.81% of GDP; PCT's international patent applications have ranked first in China's cities for 20 consecutive years

Eight new colleges and universities have been added in the past decade, which may be another unique case in the world. In addition to the crazy construction of universities, basic education schools in Shenzhen are also under large-scale construction.

As the youngest city in the front line of China, economy, science and technology, finance and industry are Shenzhen's strengths, while medical care, education and culture, which need time to settle down, are the goals that Shenzhen needs to learn from others.

After all, Shenzhen is young. It is only 45 years since the establishment of Shenzhen in 1979, and 44 years since the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone on August 26, 1980.

In more than 40 years, Shenzhen's GDP has increased by 17656 times. In 2023, Shenzhen's GDP will be 3460.64 billion yuan.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Statistics

From the beginning, the population of 314100 people has grown all the way, breaking through one million, breaking through ten million, and only once in 2022, under special circumstances, has historically decreased.

In 2023, with an increase of 128300, Shenzhen's permanent population will reach a new record high, reaching 17.7901 million people.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Statistics

After the rise of economy, industry, scientific innovation and finance, Shenzhen needs to address the shortcomings of education and medical care, and get rid of the title of "cultural desert".

The world tells us that many things in the world cannot be solved without money, and some of them need more money.

Shenzhen, rich and powerful, has spent money on education crazily in the past decade.

In 2022, Shenzhen's education expenditure will be 96.53 billion yuan, accounting for the largest proportion of all expenditures, accounting for 21.1% of the financial expenditure.

The annual education expenditure is 96.53 billion yuan, which is the total financial revenue of many provincial capitals in one or two years.

This education expenditure ranks the third in China after Shanghai and Beijing. Shanghai spent 126.08 billion yuan last year and Beijing 117.02 billion yuan, the only two cities in China that spent more than 100 billion yuan on education.

At the same time, Shenzhen's education expenditure is 1.55 times that of Guangzhou.

Of course, education expenditure is related to the size of students. Only by looking at the per capita can we better compare the education investment scale of each city.

From the current total number of students at school in all cities, Shenzhen has a population of 2.662 million, including preschool education (kindergarten), compulsory education (primary school, junior high school), high school education (secondary vocational school, senior high school), higher education (graduate students, undergraduate and junior college students), and special education for a small number of people with visual and hearing disabilities.

In this scale, Chongqing, the city with the largest population, has the largest number, up to 6.383 million people. The second is Guangzhou and Zhengzhou, both more than 4 million. Then came Chengdu, Shijiazhuang, Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Xi'an. The number of students in Shenzhen ranks 10th in China.

It can be calculated that the per capita education expenditure of Shenzhen's students at school is 35700 yuan/person, ranking second in the country, second only to Shanghai, higher than Beijing, and 2.64 times that of Guangzhou.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: statistical bureaus of cities

In 2023, Shenzhen's education support will be 100.15 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3% over 2022, and it is one of the only three cities in China with education expenditure exceeding 100 billion yuan.

According to the plan, Shenzhen will spend 103.37 billion yuan on education this year.

It is based on the massive financial blessing that a university in Shenzhen has sprung up in the past decade.

In retrospect, the real first university in Shenzhen was Shenzhen University approved by the Ministry of Education in 1983, which was built with the assistance of Peking University and Tsinghua University.

According to the official website of Shenzhen University, at that time, the central government, the Ministry of Education and the local government attached great importance to the construction of Shenzhen University, organized Peking University to help build Chinese and foreign language disciplines, Tsinghua University to help build electronics and architecture disciplines, and the National People's Congress to help build economic and legal disciplines. A large number of well-known scholars gathered in Shenzhen University.

In 1993, Shenzhen Polytechnic was founded, and in 1998, the first private college in Shenzhen, Guangdong Xin'an Polytechnic, was founded. By 2010, another undergraduate school in Shenzhen, South University of Science and Technology, was founded.

Up to now, Shenzhen has 17 universities.

Of course, this number is still not worth mentioning compared with the head cities.

From the perspective of undergraduate institutions, before the approval of Shenzhen University of Technology, there were only 5 universities in Shenzhen. There are 67 undergraduate universities in Beijing, 46 in Wuhan, 44 in Xi'an, 40 in Shanghai and 37 in Guangzhou.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: Ministry of Education

Of course, the pace of Shenzhen Jianshe University is still accelerating.

In addition to the approved Shenzhen University of Technology, Shenzhen Ocean University, Shenzhen Normal University, Hong Kong University (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Conservatory of Music, etc. will also be built in succession or listed in the construction plan.

　　 03

　　 Shenzhen is about to solve the problem of basic education degree

In addition to colleges and universities, the construction of basic education schools is more vigorous in Shenzhen.

As a migrant city, Shenzhen has developed too fast over the past 40 years, and its population has expanded too fast, so fast that infrastructure construction cannot keep up with the increasing speed of demand under the population expansion.

This has brought a huge gap in basic education degrees.

To this end, Shenzhen has been trying to make up for its shortcomings.

According to the data of Shenzhen Education Bureau, from 2013 to 2023, the number of schools (including kindergartens) in Shenzhen increased by nearly 1000.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: Shenzhen Education Bureau

In 2021, Shenzhen issued the Implementation Opinions on Accelerating Degree Construction and Promoting the Quality Development of Basic Education, which clarifies that:

　　 By 2025, there will be 740000 new public compulsory education degrees, 145000 new kindergarten degrees, and 97000 new public high school degrees planned before. By 2025, there will be nearly one million new basic education degrees in Shenzhen.

The financial capital of real gold and silver fell under the education cause, and Shenzhen has made remarkable achievements.

Data shows that the number of basic education degrees in Shenzhen will increase by 131000 in 2021, 206000 in 2022 and 200000 in 2023.

　　 Shenzhen announced that the total number of basic education degrees in Shenzhen has increased by 544000 in the past three years, exceeding the sum of the "12th Five Year Plan" and "13th Five Year Plan".

At this rate, Shenzhen will surely complete the target of increasing basic education degrees and kindergarten degrees in 2025 ahead of schedule.

In addition, according to the Special Plan for the Layout of Basic Education in Shenzhen (2022-2035) issued by Shenzhen, it is planned that:

　　 By 2025, a batch of high-quality, intensive and shared basic education schools will be built, which can provide 2.7 million basic education degrees; By 2035, it is planned to pre control 3.64 million basic education degrees and complete no less than 3 million degrees.

The scale of 2.7 million degrees can fully cover kindergarten and basic education degrees.

According to the data of Shenzhen Education Bureau, in 2023, the number of primary and secondary schools, secondary vocational schools (including technical schools) and kindergartens in Shenzhen will total 2.5432 million.

More importantly, the number of kindergartens in Shenzhen reached its peak in 2021 and has declined for two consecutive years.

The enrollment of kindergartens will reach 192800 in 2021, and drop to 175700 in 2022. The data in 2023 is not disclosed.

In 2021, the number of kindergartens in kindergartens will be 597600, down to 571700 in 2022 and 555100 in 2023.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: Shenzhen Education Bureau

　　 04

　　 Behind the crazy construction of schools in Shenzhen

Behind the crazy construction of colleges and basic education schools in Shenzhen, it is certainly one of the purposes to make up for weaknesses and meet the educational needs of Shenzhen.

Another more important purpose is to enable scientific innovation.

Scientific innovation and industry are the background of Shenzhen.

Not long ago, in this number's analysis of the import and export value of Shenzhen in the first quarter of the year, I said that Shenzhen's exports could rank first in the country for 31 consecutive years, which could not be separated from its high-tech industries, and high-tech industries, which could not be separated from its powerful scientific innovation.

　　 Cartography: urban finance and economics; Data: statistical bureaus of cities

Although in the past decades, Shenzhen has siphoned off other graduates of higher education to Shenzhen, it is not worried about the lack of talents due to the lack of universities.

However, as a city of scientific and technological innovation, if its scientific and educational strength is not strong enough, it is unreasonable, and it is also a kind of idle for its own scientific and technological innovation strength.

Shenzhen can fully use its own scientific and technological innovation strength to empower its own schools, cultivate talents that meet Shenzhen's needs, so as to feed its own scientific and technological innovation, forming a closed loop.

In this closed loop, it not only meets the needs of education, but also further improves its scientific and technological innovation strength, so as to promote the further growth of its industrial and economic strength, which is one of the purposes of Shenzhen's crazy construction of schools.