China's territory has been unified since the Qin Dynasty. With the expansion of territory during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the last feudal dynasty in China, the size of China's territory varies from dynasty to dynasty. After the founding of New China, China's land area was fixed at 9.6 million square kilometers.
In the history of our country, there have been many unified feudal dynasties, of which the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty were both established by ethnic minorities.
The Yuan Dynasty was a feudal dynasty established by the Mongol Empire in the Central Plains of China. The rule time in the territory of the Central Plains was very short, less than 100 years. At that time, the territory of the Yuan Dynasty was very broad. Until the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the last feudal dynasty in China. China's territorial area is different in different periods.
The Qing government once had a large territory, but in modern history, the Qing government lost a lot of territory.
Maybe many people have no idea about the territory lost by the Qing government, but they probably know that a large part of China's territory was occupied by the Tsarist Russia.
The Tsarist Russia successively forced the Qing government to cede the land by various means, including the threat of force, with an area of about 1.51 million square kilometers. With the support of Tsarist Russia, Outer Mongolia's 1.5 million square kilometers of land became independent. In other words, China has lost more than 3 million square kilometers of territory.
For China's territory of 9.6 million square kilometers, this is more than one third of China's land area. India, the hegemon of South Asia, as the world's most populous and economic country, covers an area of only 2.98 million square kilometers. In other words, China was plundered by the Tsarist Russia and supported the secession of the land, and more than one India was divided.
Since ancient times, the territory has been an integral part of a country. As early as 1689, the Tsarist Russia and the Qing government had demarcated the border of the northeast region of the two countries through the Treaty of Nibuchu, which stipulated that; To the south of the Outer Khingan Mountains is China's territory.
Since the Han Dynasty, when China controlled the Western Regions, the natural boundary line between China and Central Asian countries has been dominated by the north bank of the Balkhash Lake. Because in ancient times, there was no strict national boundary, and each country's envoys had to follow the agreed lakes or mountains as the boundary. In the Qing Dynasty, with the recovery of Junggar by Emperor Qianlong, the northwest territory of the Qing Dynasty was restored to the northwest territory of China during the Han and Tang Dynasties, reaching its heyday.
Also in the Qianlong period, the Qing government implemented the policy of closing the door to the outside world, and China's leadership in the world began to waver with the completion of the Western Industrial Revolution. China is completely behind the western world.
If we fall behind, we will be beaten. In 1840, the first Opium War broke out, and our country entered the modern history of humiliation.
From 1858 to 1860, China's neighbor, the Tsarist Russia, took the opportunity of the Second Opium War to force the Qing government to recognize the ceding clause in the previous Aihui Treaty and sign the Sino Russian Beijing Treaty through the identity of mediator when the British and French allied forces entered Beijing. The annexation of Northeast China was the loss of more than 1 million square kilometers of our territory, and the long coastline of Jilin was also controlled by the Tsarist Russia.
After occupying the northeast of China, the Tsarist Russia set its goal in the northwest of China. From 1862, the Tsarist Russian invasion army entered the northwest of China and launched a two-year war with the Qing government, which once pushed our country to Kashgar and Ili. The Qing government finally ended in failure. Under the pressure of the Tsarist Russia, In 1864, the Qing government signed the "Treaty on the Exploration of the Northwest Boundary" with it, and the tsarist Russia obtained 440000 square kilometers of land in the northwest.
In 1871, encouraged by Britain and Russia, Aguba launched a rebellion in Xinjiang, and Russia seized the opportunity to occupy Ili. Later, in 1879, the Qing government was forced to sign the Ili Treaty, and more than 70000 square kilometers of land in Xinjiang in the northwest of China was stolen again by the Tsarist Russia.
Since 1860, in just 20 years, the tsarist Russia has plundered 1.51 million square kilometers of land from the Qing Dynasty.
As a neighbor of the Qing government, facing the decadent and backward Qing government, the tsarist Russia launched a bloodbath and cut off a large area of territory from the Qing Dynasty. When Britain and France and other powers occupied colonies all over the world, Russia gained more territorial resources by virtue of its border with China's territory.
The Tsarist Russia constantly encouraged the independence of Outer Mongolia while occupying our territory. 1911 saw the success of the 1911 Revolution and the official demise of the Qing Dynasty. The feudal aristocracy of Outer Mongolia declared independence with the support of Russia. More than 3 million square kilometers of land in China leave the motherland.
Although tsarist Russia occupied a large area of our country, after the victory of the Russian October Revolution in 1917, tsarist Russia went to ruin. It can be said that tsarist Russia did not enjoy the dividend of occupying our country's territory. The fruits of victory were finally enjoyed by the Soviet Union and Russia today.
When Lenin was in power, the Soviet Union once wanted to return China's territory occupied by Russia, but at that time, China was in a period of warlord scuffle and was too busy. The best time to recover the territory was missed.
When Stalin was in power, the political economy of the Soviet Union was at the forefront of the world, and they completely abandoned their previous ideas. Moreover, Mongolia, with the support of the Soviet Union, formally went it alone through a referendum. As a result, more than 1.5 million square kilometers of land were distributed under the efforts of the Russians.
The vast territory of our country occupied by the Tsarist Russia not only borders their territory, but also, most importantly, these lands occupied by the Tsarist Russia not only lost an important outlet to the sea in the northeast of China, but also have a large number of geomantic treasures.
First of all, look at the outer northeast region. The climate here is cold and it was the place where the Qing Dynasty flourished. After a large number of residents of the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, it was once sparsely populated. After all, compared with Guannei, the climate here is relatively poor, but there is a large amount of uncultivated black land,. At present, depending on the fertile black land that has been reclaimed, the potential of cultivated land here is estimated by residents to be enough to feed 150 million people.
And the forest coverage here is as high as 75%, and the wood resources are very rich.
Vladivostok is about 180 kilometers away from Hunchun City, Jilin Province, China. The climate here is a typical temperate monsoon climate, with an annual average temperature of about 4 degrees Celsius. It is navigable throughout the year and is a famous ice free port.
secondly; The Ili River Valley, about 120000 square kilometers, of which 64000 square kilometers have been taken out by the Tsarist Russia. This place is called the Jiangnan beyond the Great Wall. It is one of the few fertile land for food cultivation in the Western Regions.
In addition, there are a large number of high-quality pastures in the Outer Northwest and Mongolian Plateau. The local people have lived on animal husbandry for generations. In addition, valuable water resources such as Balkhash Lake, Issyk Lake, Ala Lake, Jaisanpo, two-thirds of Xingkai Lake, two-thirds of Heilongjiang, Jingqili River, half of Wusuli River, half of Erguna River, etc., were all taken away by the Tsarist Russia in this series of divisions.
It can be seen that there are rich mineral resources, oil and gas resources, and a large number of precious water and soil resources in the cut area. And these are only visible to the naked eye. It is difficult to estimate how many precious resources are hidden in the underground of more than 3 million square kilometers.
