Comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, and continue to inject strong impetus into Chinese style modernization ※

Xi Jinping

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from November 9 to 12, 2013. The plenary session was presided over by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee, made an important speech. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lan Hongguang/Photo 1

Reform and opening up is a key move to determine the fate of contemporary China, as well as to achieve the "two centenary goals" and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Our key move now is reform and opening up. There is no end to practice and development, to emancipate the mind, to reform and opening up, and there is no way out for pause and retrogression. At present, there are many contradictions and difficulties in promoting reform, but it is impossible not to change. We should show courage, adhere to the correct direction of reform and opening up, dare to bite the bullet, dare to wade into dangerous beaches, not only dare to break through the barriers of ideas, but also dare to break through the barriers of interest solidification, so that reform and opening up will not stop.

(Speech during the investigation work in Guangdong from December 7 to 11, 2012)

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Reform and opening up is a profound revolution. We must adhere to the right direction and follow the right path. The direction determines the road, and the road determines the fate. The key to the great success of China's reform and opening up is that we regard the basic line of the Party as the lifeline of the Party and the country, and always adhere to the two basic points of economic construction as the center, the Four Cardinal Principles, and reform and opening up, which are integrated into the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We neither follow the old path of closed and rigid, nor change our flag. Reform and opening up must have the courage to emancipate the mind, but emancipating the mind has a direction, a position, and a principle, so reform and opening up also has a direction, a position, and a principle. Some people define reform and opening up as a change in the direction of western "universal values" and western political systems, or they will not reform and open up. This is a misinterpretation of our reform and opening up. We cannot say in general that China's reform lags behind in some aspect. In some aspects and at some time, it is possible to be faster and slower, but in general, there is no aspect of China's reform that has changed or has not changed. The essence of the problem is what to change and what not to change. Some things cannot be changed, and will not be changed for a long time. We can't learn to walk in Handan. The world is developing and the society is making progress. There is a dead road not to carry out reform and opening up, and there is also a dead road to carry out "reform and opening up" that negates the socialist direction. On the question of direction, we must be very clear headed. Our goal is to constantly promote the self-improvement and development of the socialist system, rather than changing its course. We should adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles as the foundation of our country. We should not only ensure the correct direction of reform and opening up with the Four Cardinal Principles, but also endow the Four Cardinal Principles with new era connotation through reform and opening up, eliminate all kinds of interference, and unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

(Speech at the second collective learning of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee on December 31, 2012)

On October 14, 2020, the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was held in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivered an important speech at the meeting. This afternoon, Xi Jinping came to Lianhuashan Park to present a flower basket to the bronze statue of Comrade Deng Xiaoping. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Ye/Photo 3

Adhere to the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and capacity. Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed in 1992 that it would take another 30 years for us to form a more mature and stereotyped system in all aspects. On the basis of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's strategic thinking, this plenary session proposed to promote the modernization of the national governance system and capacity. This is an inevitable requirement for the improvement and development of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and it is the proper meaning for realizing socialist modernization. The reason why we decided to study comprehensively deepening reform at the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee is not to promote reform in one area or several areas, but to promote reform in all areas, that is, from the overall perspective of the national governance system and capacity.

(Speech at the Second Plenary Session of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee on November 12, 2013)

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The people are the creators of history and the source of our strength. The most fundamental reason why the reform and opening up has won the heartfelt support and active participation of the broad masses of the people is that we made the cause of reform and opening up deeply rooted in the people at the beginning. The plenary session decided to sum up the valuable experience accumulated in the reform and opening up, one of which is to emphasize that we must adhere to the people-oriented principle, respect the dominant position of the people, give play to the pioneering spirit of the people, and closely rely on the people to promote reform. No reform can succeed without the support and participation of the people. No matter what difficulties and challenges you encounter, as long as the people support and participate, there will be no difficulties that can not be overcome and no obstacles that can not be overcome. We need to implement the Party's mass line, share weal and woe with the people, and work together with the people.

To promote any major reform, we must grasp and handle major issues related to reform from the people's standpoint, and plan reform ideas and formulate reform measures based on the interests of the people. Wang Fu of the Han Dynasty said: "The movement of the roc is not the lightness of a feather; the speed of a steed is not the strength of a foot." In other words, the roc soars into the sky, not by the lightness of a feather; The steed runs at a high speed, not by the power of one foot. If China wants to fly high and run fast, it must rely on the strength of the 1.3 billion people.

In the process of comprehensively deepening reform, when encountering complicated interests that are difficult to balance, we should seriously think about the actual situation of the masses? What are the masses expecting? How to ensure the interests of the masses? Are the masses satisfied with our reform? To improve the scientificity of reform decision-making, it is very important to listen to the opinions and suggestions of the masses extensively, summarize the fresh experience created by the masses in time, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the masses to promote reform, pool the wisdom and strength of the vast majority of the people into reform, and work with the people to push forward the reform.

(Speech at the Second Plenary Session of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee on November 12, 2013)

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To uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, we must constantly adapt to the development of social productive forces, adjust the relations of production, and constantly adapt to the development of the economic base to improve the superstructure. Over the past 35 years of reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made significant achievements. The fundamental reason is that we have stimulated the vitality of social productivity development through continuous adjustment of production relations, and adapted to the development requirements of the economic foundation through continuous improvement of the superstructure. Our economic restructuring, political, cultural, social, ecological, and party building reforms are all for this purpose.

Our proposal to comprehensively deepen reform is to adapt to the changes in the movement of basic social contradictions to promote social development. The basic social contradictions are always developing, so adjusting the relations of production and improving the superstructure need to continue accordingly. As I said, there is no end to practice and development, to emancipate the mind, and to reform and opening up. Reform and opening up are only ongoing and not completed. This is the attitude of historical materialism.

(Speech at the 11th collective learning session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee on December 3, 2013)

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When we considered the topics of the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, we proposed to formulate a plan for comprehensively deepening reform, not just economic restructuring, or economic and social restructuring. This is because in order to solve the outstanding contradictions and problems we face, it is difficult to rely on the reform of a single field and a single level. We must strengthen top-level design, overall planning, and enhance the relevance, systematicness, and synergy of various reforms. Only by solving the problem of inadaptability in the relations of production and the problem of inadaptability in the superstructure, can comprehensive effects be produced.

At the same time, we also highlighted the need to focus on economic development and give play to the role of economic restructuring as a traction. That is to say, we should grasp the main aspects of the basic social contradictions at this stage of our country, with the focus on development. Only by closely focusing on the first task of development to deploy reforms in all aspects, and by liberating and developing social productive forces to provide a strong traction for reform, can we better promote the adaptation of production relations to productive forces, superstructure and economic foundation. The practice since China's reform and opening up has fully proved that firmly grasping the liberation and development of social productive forces can provide a strong impetus for other aspects of reform and affect the corresponding promotion of other aspects of reform.

(Speech at the 11th collective learning session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee on December 3, 2013)

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Deepening reform in a country with a population of more than 1.3 billion is no easy task. After more than 30 years of reform, China has entered a deep-water area. It can be said that the easy and happy reform has been completed. The delicious meat has been eaten, and the rest is hard to chew. This requires us to be bold and steady. Be bold, even if the reform is difficult, we should move forward, dare to take responsibility, dare to bite the bullet, and dare to wade into dangerous beaches. The steady step means that the direction must be accurate and the driving must be steady, especially no subversive mistakes.

(Answers to questions during an exclusive interview with Russian TV on February 7, 2014)

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What direction should we take to modernize the national governance system and capacity? This is a fundamental question that must be answered well. Considering this issue, we must fully understand and grasp the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform, which is a whole of two sentences, namely, improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. There is a relationship between the first sentence and the last sentence. The first sentence stipulates the fundamental direction. Our direction is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, not any other path. That is what I often say, we should unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, neither the old path of closed and rigid, nor the evil path of changing the flag. The latter sentence stipulates the clear direction of improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics under the guidance of the fundamental direction. Two sentences are complete. Only the second sentence, not the first sentence, is incomplete and incomplete.

(Speech at the seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and comprehensively deepening reform for provincial and ministerial level leading cadres on February 17, 2014)

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All regions and departments should firmly establish a sense of overall situation and responsibility, take reform as a major political responsibility, strengthen reform determination and confidence, enhance the ideological and action consciousness of promoting reform, be both reform promoters and reform doers, grasp the implementation of reform with the spirit of nailing nails, seize the key, work accurately, dare to bite hard bones, focus on and repeatedly grasp, Until the results are achieved.

(Speech at the 21st Meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform on February 23, 2016)

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We will continue to comprehensively deepen reform. Only socialism can save China, and only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism. We must adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, continue to modernize the national governance system and capacity, resolutely remove all outdated ideas and institutional mechanisms, break through the barriers of entrenched interests, absorb the beneficial achievements of human civilization, and build a systematic, scientific, standardized, and effective system, Give full play to the advantages of our socialist system.

(Report on the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 18, 2017)

On December 18, 2018, the conference to celebrate the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivered an important speech at the conference. This is Xi Jinping applauding to congratulate the honorees. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi/Photo 11

The Chinese people have the spirit of great dreams, and the Chinese nation is full of the spirit of reform and openness. Thousands of years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation began the great practice of creating Chinese civilization by adhering to the spirit of "Zhou is an old state, but his life is renewed". Since ancient times, there have been countless political reform movements in China, leaving behind heroic declarations such as "if the world is not governed together, the country will not follow the ancient law". Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has confidently and magnanimously carried out exchanges and cultural exchanges with foreign nations with the broad mind of "Great Harmony in the World" and "Harmony in All Countries". It has composed the vast songs of the Silk Road that cover thousands of miles, and created the prosperous Tang atmosphere of Chang'an, a clothing gathering of all countries. It is the reform and opening spirit of "Heaven is healthy, and a gentleman strives for self-improvement", "The terrain is vast, and a gentleman carries things with great virtue" that has made Chinese civilization the only brilliant civilization in human history that has not been interrupted for more than 5000 years. From the perspective of thousands of years of history, reform and opening up are generally the historical norm of China. The Chinese nation continues to move towards the future with the attitude of reform and opening up, which has profound historical origins and profound cultural roots.

(Speech at the General Assembly to Celebrate the 40th Anniversary of Reform and Opening up on December 18, 2018)

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The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is epoch-making, opening a new historical period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee is also epoch-making, opening a new era of comprehensively deepening reform and promoting reform through overall system design, creating a new situation of China's reform and opening up. With unprecedented determination and strength, we have pushed forward the comprehensive deepening of reform, gnawed down many tough bones, and broken through many rapids and dangerous shoals. The reform has been comprehensively launched, made breakthroughs in many areas, and advanced in depth. The main framework of reform in major areas has been basically established, which has effectively promoted the development of various undertakings.

(Speech at the Summary Conference on Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions on July 5, 2019)

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The reform and opening up in the new era has many new connotations and characteristics. One of the most important points is that the system construction is more important. The reform is more faced with deep-seated system and mechanism problems. The requirements for the top-level design of reform are higher, and the reform is more systematic, holistic, and collaborative. Accordingly, the task of establishing regulations and systems is heavier. To plan to comprehensively deepen reform in the new era, we must take adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and capacity as the main axis, deeply grasp the development requirements of China and the trend of the times, put system building and governance capacity building in a more prominent position, and continue to deepen the reform of systems and mechanisms in all fields and in all aspects, We will promote more mature and well-established systems in all areas, and modernize the country's governance system and capacity.

(Statement on the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues of Adhering to and Improving the Socialist System with Chinese Characteristics and Promoting the Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capability, October 28, 2019)

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Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has broken through the shackles of ideas with unprecedented determination and strength, broken through the barriers of interest fixation, resolutely removed the drawbacks of various systems and mechanisms, actively responded to the risks and challenges brought about by changes in the external environment, and launched a magnificent reform process. The goals and tasks set at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China have been comprehensively promoted. The basic institutional framework in various fields has been basically established. In many fields, historic changes, systematic reshaping, and overall restructuring have been achieved, laying a solid foundation for promoting the formation of a systematic, scientific, standardized, and effective system, and making all aspects of the system more mature and stereotyped, We have made historic achievements in comprehensively deepening reform. We should strengthen our confidence in reform, gather the joint forces of reform, make persistent efforts, forge ahead, and promote reform in the new development stage to achieve greater breakthroughs and show greater achievements.

Looking back on the reform work over the years, we have put forward a series of innovative theories, taken a series of major measures and made a series of major breakthroughs, which are revolutionary and have created a new situation in which the reform and opening up drive the cause of the Party and the country to achieve historic achievements and historic changes.

(Speech at the 17th Meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform on December 30, 2020)

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We will continue to deepen reform and opening up. Deeply promote reform and innovation, unswervingly expand opening up, focus on solving deep-seated institutional and institutional obstacles, constantly highlight the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, constantly enhance the power and vitality of socialist modernization, and better transform China's institutional advantages into national governance effectiveness.

(Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 16, 2022)

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We should make good use of the key move of reform, adhere to the reform direction of the socialist market economy, strengthen the integration, coordination and efficiency of the reform system, consolidate and deepen the reform achievements in solving institutional obstacles, institutional obstacles and innovative policies, and make new breakthroughs in important areas and key links.

(Speech at the First Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee on October 23, 2022)

The second plenary meeting of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will be held in Beijing from February 26 to 28, 2023. This is Xi Jinping, Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang, Li Xi and others on the rostrum. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi/Photo 17

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a series of major reform measures, which is a major strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee for comprehensively deepening reform in the new era and new journey. We should closely focus on the goal of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, introduce a number of strategic, creative and leading reforms, strengthen the integration, coordination and efficiency of the reform system, and make new breakthroughs in important areas and key links. We should adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, further deepen the reform of state-owned assets and enterprises, and improve the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises; Optimize the development environment of private enterprises, enhance the confidence of private economic development, and promote the development and growth of private enterprises. We will improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, build a high standard market system, improve the macroeconomic governance system, and give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the role of the government. We will strengthen and improve modern financial regulation, strengthen the financial stability guarantee system, and standardize and guide the healthy development of capital in accordance with the law. We will promote high-level opening up, steadily expand institutional openness in terms of rules, regulations, management, standards, and high-quality efforts to jointly build the "Belt and Road". While focusing on promoting the reform of the economic system, we should plan well for the reform in the fields of education, science and technology, politics, rule of law, culture, society, ecology, national security and party building. We will focus on improving the reform implementation mechanism, promote the implementation of reform measures, constantly highlight the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, constantly enhance the power and vitality of socialist modernization, and better translate China's institutional advantages into national governance effectiveness.

(Speech at the Second Plenary Session of the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee on February 28, 2023)

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This year is the first year to comprehensively implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, the 45th anniversary of reform and opening up and the 10th anniversary of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. To achieve the goals and tasks of the new era and new journey, we should take the comprehensive deepening of reform as the fundamental driving force for promoting Chinese style modernization, as an important starting point for stabilizing the overall situation, responding to the situation, and opening up a new situation. We should follow the correct direction, adhere to innovation, and work hard to write a new chapter of reform and opening up on the new journey.

(Speech at the first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform on April 21, 2023)

From April 22 to 24, 2024, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, made an investigation in Chongqing. This is the afternoon of the 22nd when Xi Jinping visited the exhibition of Chongqing's achievements in scientific and technological innovation and industrial development. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Ye/photo

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We should further deepen reform and opening up. Reform and opening up is an important magic weapon for contemporary China to catch up with the times by leaps and bounds, and a key move to determine the success or failure of Chinese style modernization. To promote Chinese style modernization, we must further comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, constantly liberate and develop the productive forces, liberate and enhance social vitality. We must comply with the new trend of the times, the new requirements of practical development, and the new expectations of the people. With a strong determination to reform to the end, we must be honest, bold, precise, coordinated, and sustained, and resolutely remove all institutional barriers that restrict the smooth progress of Chinese style modernization. We should deepen the reform of the economic system, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, build a unified national market, improve the macroeconomic governance system, stimulate the vitality of various business entities, and accelerate the formation of systems and mechanisms conducive to high-quality development. We should deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, give full play to the advantages of the new national system, strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, optimize the allocation of innovative resources, make efforts to break through key core technologies, and promote the self-reliance of high-level science and technology. We should coordinate the reform of the cultural system, social system, ecological civilization system and other fields, and inject new impetus into the Chinese style modernization in an all-round way.

(Speech at the forum commemorating the 130th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Mao Zedong on December 26, 2023)

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The relations of production must adapt to the requirements of the development of productive forces. To develop the new quality productive forces, we must further deepen the reform in an all-round way and form a new type of production relationship that matches it. The new quality productivity not only needs the government's advanced planning guidance and scientific policy support, but also needs the market mechanism adjustment, enterprises and other micro entities to constantly innovate, which is jointly cultivated and driven by the government's "visible hand" and the market's "invisible hand". Therefore, we need to deepen the reform of the economic system, the scientific and technological system, and strive to break through the blockages and checkpoints that constrain the development of new quality productivity, establish a high standard market system, innovate the allocation of production factors, and let all kinds of advanced and high-quality production factors flow smoothly towards the development of new quality productivity. At the same time, we should open up to the outside world at a high level and create a good international environment for the development of new quality productive forces.

(Speech at the 11th collective learning session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee on January 31, 2024)

From March 18 to 21, 2024, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Hunan. This is the morning of the 19th, when Xi Jinping inspected Changde River Street, he communicated cordially with shopkeepers and tourists. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Ye/Photo 21

We will comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, and continue to enhance the endogenous impetus and vitality of development. We should plan major measures to further comprehensively deepen reform, and continue to inject strong impetus into high-quality development and Chinese style modernization. We should focus on building a high-level socialist market economy system, deepen the market-oriented reform of factors, build a high standard market system, and speed up the improvement of basic market economy systems such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. We should constantly improve and implement the "two unswerving" system and mechanism, effectively remove the obstacles that restrict private enterprises to participate in fair market competition, support the development and growth of private economy and private enterprises, and stimulate the endogenous power and innovation vitality of various business entities. We should deepen the reform of the science and technology system, the education system, and the talent system, and strive to break through the blockages that constrain the development of new quality productivity. We need to increase institutional openness, continue to build a market-oriented, legalized and internationalized first-class business environment, and create new advantages for a higher level of open economy.

(Speech made by the Jiangsu delegation at the second session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2024)

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To further deepen the reform comprehensively, we should highlight the problem orientation, focus on solving the problems that restrict the construction of a new development pattern and promote high-quality development, the pain points and difficulties in the field of development environment and people's livelihood, and the focus and hot issues that are contrary to social fairness and justice, effectively prevent and resolve major risks, and continue to add impetus and vitality to economic and social development.

(Speech during the investigation in Hunan on March 21, 2024)

※ This is an excerpt from General Secretary Xi Jinping's important statement on comprehensively deepening reform and opening up and continuously injecting strong impetus into Chinese style modernization from December 2012 to March 2024.