1. Aperture priority: Aperture priority is mostly used in portraits and landscapes. Aperture first is to manually define the aperture size, and the camera will determine the shutter speed according to this aperture value. Because the aperture size directly affects the depth of field, this mode is most widely used in ordinary shooting. When shooting portraits, large aperture and long focal length are generally used to achieve the function of blurring the background to obtain a shallow depth of field, which can highlight the main body. At the same time, a larger aperture can also get a faster shutter value, thus improving the stability of handheld shooting. When taking pictures of scenery, I often use a smaller aperture, so that the range of depth of field is relatively wide, which can make the distant and near scenery clear. The same applies to shooting night scenes.
2. Shutter priority: Shutter priority is mostly used to shoot moving objects, such as sports, moving vehicles, waterfalls, flying objects, fireworks, water droplets, etc. In contrast to aperture priority, shutter priority is to obtain the aperture value through camera metering when the shutter is manually defined. Shutter priority is mostly used for shooting moving objects, especially in sports photography. Many friends find that the subject is blurred when shooting moving objects, which is mostly because the shutter speed is not fast enough. In this case, you can use the shutter priority mode, roughly determine a shutter value, and then shoot. And the movement of objects is generally regular, so the shutter value can also be estimated roughly. For example, when photographing pedestrians, the shutter speed only needs 1/125 second, while when photographing falling water droplets, it takes 1/1000 second.
3. Portrait shooting. Secondly, aperture is preferred. Select a large aperture, which can make the shutter faster, reduce shaking, and make the background as virtual as possible. It is better to select spot metering, spot metering for face, and use exposure locking. Because other metering methods are easily affected by the color of clothes, the face exposure is abnormal. Finally, composition. The portrait should preferably occupy 1/3-1/2, and the face should be at the top 1/3 (seen from below). The portrait film thus shot will be vivid, have visual impact and make people look good.
4. Macro: taking good macro requires light and composition skills. What we need to master is how to shoot the macro clearly and not paste it? Just pay attention to the following two points. First, use a tripod. The handle is unstable, and you can always see the paste after zooming in, so first, use a tripod. Secondly, use a self timer. We found that even with the use of the rack, there is still shaking when pressing the shutter. The best way is to start the self timer.
5. Use of exposure compensation: press the+- key, an exposure compensation adjustment bar will appear, and the left and right keys will adjust the positive and negative compensation and size, 1/3 level at a time. After adjustment, press the+- key again to confirm. So, how is exposure compensation applied? In general, it is white plus black minus. In a white environment, the photometry is on the low side and needs to be increased, and vice versa. ① When the shooting environment is relatively dark and the brightness needs to be increased, but the flash cannot work, the exposure can be compensated and the exposure amount can be increased appropriately. ② When the white object to be photographed looks gray or not white enough in the photo, the exposure should be increased, which is simply "more white, more white". This seems to run counter to the basic principles and habits of exposure, but in fact it is not. This is because the camera's light measurement tends to focus on the central body, and the white body will make the camera think that the environment is bright, As a result, the exposure is not enough, which is also a common problem that most beginners are prone to commit. ③ When you shoot in front of a very bright background, such as sunny windows, backlit scenes, etc., you should increase the exposure or use flash. ④ When you are shooting people on the beach, in snow, in full sunshine or in front of a white background, you should increase the exposure and use flash, otherwise the main body will be dark. ⑤ When shooting a snow scene, the background light is strongly reflected by the snow, and the metering deviation of the camera is particularly large. At this time, the exposure should be increased, or the snow will become gray. ⑥ When photographing a black object, you should reduce the exposure to make the black more pure. ⑦ When you shoot in front of a black background, you also need to reduce the exposure to avoid overexposure of the subject. ⑧ For night scene shooting, the flash should be turned off, the exposure value should be increased, and the effect of brightness can be achieved by extending the exposure time of the camera. Many people feel that the ability of night scene shooting is very poor. In fact, the incorrect use of the camera's exposure method is one of the important reasons. ⑨ In cloudy and foggy days, the environment is still bright, but the illumination of the actual object is obviously insufficient. If no exposure compensation is added, the picture may be dim. Appropriate exposure compensation, 0.3 to 0.7, can make the brightness of the scene more natural. Being good at application and reasonable use of exposure compensation can greatly improve the success rate of your photographic works, produce clear pictures, appropriate brightness, view comfortable photos, and improve the shooting quality.
6. Use grid lines on the screen skillfully to compose pictures: the golden section ratio we know can give people an aesthetic feeling. Therefore, arranging the points of interest in the film on the four focal points, or on the division line, will give people a visual sense of beauty. Grid lines provide us with such reference conveniently. In addition to the above attention to the composition of the golden dot, the following points should also be paid attention to: ① Avoid the straight lines that run through both sides, especially the horizontal or vertical lines that run through the photo into two parts. ② Processing of horizon. In landscape works, the horizon often appears. In order to avoid the effect of dividing up and down, try to break the flatness of the horizon, such as using clouds, distant mountains, sunrise, sunset or other buildings. In addition, the position of the horizon should also be arranged on the dividing line of the interest center, and CX1 should remain horizontal (special creativity is another matter). ③ When shooting a moving object, leave some space in front of the moving object. When the subject is moving, the viewer's eyes will habitually move along the direction of the subject's movement. If there is no space in front of the movement, it will give people a sense of oppression. In addition, there should be relatively large space in the direction of the subject's gaze.
7. Shooting before sunset or on cloudy days: we can get the desired effect during the day or night, and the automatic white balance is very accurate. But only in the period before and after sunset, or in cloudy weather, the film is foggy, which is not ideal. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the white balance, first pull to the manual gear starting from gear P, press the function key, select cloudy day, and press the function key to confirm. If it is still not ideal, set the manual white balance.
