Topic content:
Scientists measured the length of longitude and latitude lines at different latitudes, and the statistical results are shown in the table.
Latitude of the survey site (°)
Length of longitude 1 degree (km)
Length at 1 degree latitude (km)
zero
one hundred and eleven point three two two
one hundred and ten point five six nine
thirty
ninety-six point four nine zero
one hundred and ten point eight five zero
forty-five
seventy-eight point eight five zero
one hundred and eleven point one three two
eighty
nineteen point three nine four
one hundred and eleven point six six six
Subtitle 1: The following analysis of measurement results is correct
A. Both longitude and latitude lines grow with the increase of latitude
B. The length of latitude line becomes longer and the length of longitude line becomes shorter with the increase of latitude
C. The change of weft length with latitude is caused by measurement error
D. The change of longitude length reflects the irregularity of the earth shape Subtitle 2: Venice (Europe) in Italy and Ottawa (North America) in Canada are both near 45 ° N, and the distance between the two cities is about 6940 kilometers
A. Venice is about 6 hours earlier than Ottawa
B. Ottawa is about 6 hours earlier than Venice
C. Venice is about 4 hours earlier than Ottawa
D. Ottawa is about 4 hours earlier than Venice
Best answer:
Subtopic 1: D
Subtitle 2: A
Answer analysis:
Subtitle 1: The length of different latitude lines on the earth is that the lower the latitude is, the longer the latitude line is. If the earth is a regular sphere, the length of longitude lines should be equal, but the length of longitude lines is different, indicating the irregularity of the earth's shape. So choose option D.
Subtitle 2: The distance between the two cities is about 6940 km, so the difference is 6940 km/78.850=88 °. The local time difference between the two cities is about 6 hours. Venice (Europe) is in the east, so Venice is about 6 hours earlier than Ottawa. So choose A for this question.
Test core:
Globe: people imitate the shape of the earth and reduce it in a certain proportion to make a model of the earth - the globe.
(1) The earth axis - the imaginary axis of the earth's rotation (2) The poles - the earth axis passes through the earth's center and intersects the earth's surface at two points. The point pointing to the North Star is called the North Pole; The opposite of the North Pole is called the South Pole.
(3) Equator - a large circle on a globe that is equidistant from the north and south poles.
Longitude and latitude lines: Longitude and latitude lines are drawn on the globe and map in order to determine the position and direction on the earth. There is no longitude and latitude line on the ground. The line connecting the north and south poles is called longitude. The line perpendicular to the longitude is called the weft line. A weft line is a circle of unequal lengths. The longest latitude line is the equator. Because longitude indicates the north-south direction, it is also called meridian. According to international regulations, the longitude passing through the original site of the British Greenwich Observatory is called the 0 ° longitude, also called the prime meridian. On the earth, the longitude indicates the north-south direction, and the latitude indicates the east-west direction.
(1) Latitudinal line: a circle circling the earth in the east-west direction.
(2) A line connecting the north and south poles and perpendicular to the latitude line.