What are the engineering majors in universities

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Science and engineering majors are divided into four disciplines: science, engineering, agriculture and medicine. The disciplines are as follows: 1. Science 1. Mathematics: mathematics and applied mathematics; Information and Computing Science 2. Physics: Physics; Applied Physics 3. Chemistry: Chemistry; Applied Chemistry 4. Biological Science: Biological Science; Biotechnology 5. Astronomy: astronomy 6. Geology: geology; Geochemistry 7. Geographical science: geographical science; Resource environment and urban and rural planning management; GIS 8. Geophysics: Geophysics 9. Atmospheric science: Marine science; Applied Meteorology 10. Marine Science: Marine Science; Marine technology 11. Mechanics: theoretical and applied mechanics 12. Electronic information science: electronic information science and technology; Microelectronics; Optical information science and technology 13. Materials science: material physics; Material Chemistry 14. Environmental Science: Environmental Science; Ecology 15. Psychology: psychology; Applied Psychology 16. Statistics: Statistics 2. Engineering 1. Geology and mineral resources: mining engineering; Petroleum engineering; Mineral processing engineering; Exploration technology and engineering; Resource exploration engineering 2. Materials: metallurgical engineering; Metal material engineering; Inorganic non-metallic material engineering; Polymer materials and engineering 3. Machinery: mechanical design, manufacturing and automation; Material forming and control engineering; Industrial design; Process equipment and control engineering 4. Instrumentation: measurement and control technology and instruments 5. Energy and power: nuclear engineering and technology 6. Electrical information: electrical engineering and automation; Automation; electronic information engineering; Communication engineering; Computer science and technology; Biomedical engineering 7. Civil engineering: architecture; Urban planning; civil engineering; Building environment and equipment engineering; Water supply and drainage engineering 8. Water conservancy: water conservancy and hydropower engineering; Hydrology and water resources engineering; Port, waterway and coastal engineering 9. Surveying and mapping engineering 10. Environment and safety engineering: environmental engineering; Safety engineering 11. Chemical and pharmaceutical: chemical engineering and process; Pharmaceutical engineering 12. Transportation: transportation; Traffic engineering; Oil and gas storage and transportation engineering; Flight technology; Navigation technology; Marine engineering 13. Marine engineering: ship and marine engineering 14. Light industrial textile food: food science and engineering; Light chemical engineering; Packaging engineering; Printing engineering; Textile engineering; Clothing design and engineering 15. Aerospace: aircraft design and engineering; Aircraft power engineering; Aircraft manufacturing engineering; Aircraft environment and life support engineering 16. Weapons: weapon systems and launch engineering; Detection guidance and control technology; Ammunition engineering and explosion technology; Special energy engineering and pyrotechnic technology; Ground weapon maneuver engineering; Information countermeasure technology 17. Engineering mechanics 18. Bioengineering 19. Agricultural engineering: agricultural mechanization and automation; Agricultural electrification and automation; Agricultural building environment and energy engineering; Agricultural water conservancy engineering 20. Forestry engineering: forest engineering; Wood science and engineering; Forest products and chemicals 21. Public security technology: criminal science and technology; Fire engineering III, agronomy 1. Plant production: agronomy; Gardening; Plant protection; Tea science 2. Grass science: Grass science 3. Forest resources: Forestry; Forest resource protection and recreation; Wildlife and nature reserve management 4. Environmental ecology: garden; Soil and water conservation and desertification prevention; Agricultural resources and environment 5. Animal production: animal science: sericulture 6. Animal medicine: animal medicine 7. Aquaculture: aquaculture; Marine fishery science and technology IV, medicine 1. Basic medicine: basic medicine 2. Preventive medicine: preventive medicine 3. Clinical medicine and medical technology: clinical medicine; Anesthesiology; Medical imaging; Medical inspection 4. Stomatology: stomatology 5. Traditional Chinese medicine: traditional Chinese medicine; Acupuncture and massage; Mongolian medicine; Tibetan medicine 6. Forensic medicine: Forensic medicine 7. Nursing science: Nursing science 8. Pharmacy: Pharmacy; Traditional Chinese medicine; Pharmaceutical preparations

What disciplines are included in engineering disciplines

Engineering disciplines include engineering mechanics, machinery and materials.

1. Engineering mechanics.

Engineering mechanics involves many branches of mechanics and a wide range of engineering technology fields. It is a basic technical discipline with strong theoretical nature and extremely close connection with engineering technology. The theorems, laws and conclusions of engineering mechanics are widely used in engineering technology in all walks of life, and are an important basis for solving practical problems in engineering. Its most basic part includes statics and material mechanics.

Research methods include experimental research, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation. In practice, the three methods are often used comprehensively to promote each other. Including experimental mechanics, structural inspection, structural test analysis. The model test is divided into partial model test and overall model test. The field test of the structure includes the test of structural members and the test of the overall structure. Experimental research is the main means to verify and develop theoretical analysis and calculation methods.

2. Machinery.

Machinery is a broad discipline in engineering, and is one of the most popular majors for science students. It can be called the strongest engineering discipline, and it is also a popular major in the future. Mechanical majors need good science knowledge, drawing ability, and electronic technology. "Mechatronics are not separated". College disciplines are often integrated with mechanical and electronic teaching. Generally speaking, the demand for mechanical technicians is still large, and the employment rate has always been the highest, about 95%, but the salary is relatively low compared with other industries.

Mechanical majors mainly include mechanical design and manufacturing and automation, material forming and control engineering, process equipment and control engineering, mechanical and electronic engineering, measurement and control technology and instruments, electromechanical integration, aircraft design, vehicle engineering, agricultural mechanization and automation, and industrial design.

3. Materials.

The material specialty belongs to engineering, including metal material engineering, polymer material and engineering, inorganic non-metallic material engineering, etc. Materials science is a discipline that studies the relationship between material composition, structure, process, properties and use performance, and provides scientific basis for material design, manufacturing, process optimization and reasonable use. This kind of specialty requires higher hands-on ability than other specialties, and has a wide range of material classifications, generally including polymer materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, and metal materials.

The main courses of the material specialty include: basic courses of engineering, such as advanced mathematics, general physics, linear algebra, etc.; basic courses of specialty, such as physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, etc.; specialized courses, such as material research methods, material science foundation, material engineering foundation, etc.

What majors do universities have in science and engineering

Science and engineering majors:

Mathematics and applied mathematics, information and computing science, physics, applied chemistry, biotechnology, geology, atmospheric science, theory and applied mechanics, electronic information science and technology, environmental science, mining engineering, petroleum engineering, metallurgical engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, and its automation, architecture, etc.

1. Architecture

Architecture is a subject that focuses on learning how to design buildings, while learning related basic technology courses. The main learning content is to design the building from scratch from the plane, exterior facade and internal and external space by analyzing a blank field, and according to the requirements of the building for room functions, the type of building, the technology and materials used for building construction, etc.

2. Petroleum Engineering

The major of petroleum engineering cultivates senior specialized technical talents who have basic engineering theories and professional knowledge of petroleum engineering, can be engaged in engineering design, engineering construction and management, application research and scientific and technological development in the field of petroleum engineering, such as oil and gas drilling engineering, oil production engineering, reservoir engineering, reservoir evaluation, etc., and obtain basic training for petroleum engineers.

3. Environmental Science

The major of environmental science cultivates students with basic theories, knowledge and skills of environmental science. Students of this major mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of environmental science, receive basic training in applied basic research, applied research and environmental management, have good scientific literacy and certain teaching, research, development and management abilities, master the methods of environmental monitoring and environmental quality assessment, and basic skills in environmental planning and management.

4. Information and Computing Science

The major of information and computing science, formerly known as "computational mathematics", was renamed as "computational mathematics and its application software" in 1987 and "information and computing science" in 1998 by the Ministry of Education.

5. Physics

The physics major cultivates senior professionals who master the basic theories and methods of physics, have good mathematical foundation and experimental skills, and can engage in scientific research, teaching, technology and related management in physics or related scientific and technological fields.

Children chasing dreams 2024-06-16 17:07:28

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Origin of Xin Qiji's name

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The origin of Xin Qiji's name: Xin Qiji's grandfather, Xin Zan, hoped that he would become a great general and admired Huo Qubing, a famous general of the Western Han Dynasty, so he named him "Qi Ji". Xin Qiji has practiced martial arts and swords since he was young, and has read poetry and books. He has always regarded Huo Qubing as his idol.

Profile:

Xin Qiji (from May 28, 1140 to October 3, 1207), originally named Tanfu, later renamed You'an, and later renamed Jiaxuan when he was middle-aged, was a native of Licheng County (now Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province), Jinan, Shandong East Road. Southern Song officials, generals, litterateurs, bold and unconstrained poets, known as "the dragon in ci". Together with Su Shi, they are called "Su Xin", and together with Li Qingzhao, they are called "Jinan Er'an".

Shandong was occupied by Jin people when he was born. In his early years, Shandong was as famous in the north as Dang Huaiying, known as "Xin Dang". When he was young, he participated in the Geng Jing Uprising, captured and killed the traitor Zhang Anguo, returned to the Southern Song Dynasty, and presented Ten Treaties on Beauty and Celery, Nine Treaties, etc. He successively served as a garrison in Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and other places, calmed down the uprising of Lai Wenzheng, a tea merchant in Jingnan, and pushed aside the public opinion to create the Flying Tiger Army to stabilize the Huxiang region. Because of his disagreement with the ruling peace faction, he was repeatedly impeached and went up and down several times, finally retiring from the mountain. Before and after the Kaixi Northern Expedition, Han Tuozhou, a governor, successively used Xin Qiji to inform Shaoxing and Zhenjiang, and recruited him to serve as the Privy Council, Chengzhi and other officials. All of them were dismissed. In 1207, the third year of the New Year, Xin Qiji died at the age of 68. Emperor Gong of the Song Dynasty was awarded a young teacher with the posthumous title of "Zhongmin".

Xin Qiji devoted his whole life to recovery and made great achievements, but his fate was full of difficulties and his ambition was hard to pay. But he never wavered in his belief in restoring the Central Plains. Instead, he expressed his passion and concern for the rise and fall of the country and the fate of the nation in his poems. His poems have various artistic styles, mainly bold and unconstrained. Their style is solemn and heroic, but there is no lack of delicacy and softness. Their themes are broad and they are good at using allusions to express the patriotic enthusiasm to restore national unity, pour out the grief and indignation that it is difficult to pay for their lofty aspirations, humiliate and condemn the ruling people at that time, and there are also many works that recite the rivers and mountains of the motherland. There are more than 600 extant words, including Jiaxuan Long and Short Sentences, which have been handed down from generation to generation.

Main impacts:

1、 Literature:

1. Words:

Xin has more than 600 Ci poems, and is the writer with the most Ci poems in the Song Dynasty. His poems mostly focus on the realistic problems of the country and the nation, expressing his impassioned patriotism. Xin Ci, with its patriotic thought in content and innovative spirit in art, has had a great influence in the history of literature. Chen Liang and Liu Guo, who sang with Xin Qiji in ci, or later Liu Kezhuang and Liu Chenweng, were similar to his writing tendency, forming a powerful patriotic ci school after the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty. In later generations, when the country and the nation are in danger, many writers draw inspiration from Xin's poems.

2. Poetry:

Xin Qiji's poems, according to Xin Qitai's Collection of Jiaxuan, there are 111 poems collected. Deng Guangming edited and collated "Xin Jiaxuan's Copy of Poems and Essays", eliminating the mistakes and adding omissions, and got 124 poems. Later, Kong Fanli's "Xin Jiaxuan Poetry Supplement" added 19 new poems. There are 133 existing poems of Xin. Xin's poems reflect the author's life, thoughts and feelings from different aspects, which can be proved by his words. Among them, "Farewell to Hunan Tribune", a self written political experience, can be read in contrast with "Partridge Sky, Banners and Ten Thousand Men at the Age of Zhuang"; "Sometimes when I think about something difficult to think about, I don't know when I shoot at the broken fence" ("Heming Pavilion quatrains"), lamenting the hero's frustration, I also co shot with "Water Dragon Singing - Climbing the Jiankang Heart Appreciation Pavilion", and "Bamboo sticks and sandals watching the waterfall return, I feel tired in my old age, Cui Wei", "Together with Du Shugao and Zhu Yan to watch the Tianbao Temple waterfall owner stay for two days and drink about the peony drink"), and co shot with "Partridge Sky, Goose Lake Return to Sickness". It is the theme of lyrics chanted repeatedly during leisure time. "There is still a happy atmosphere and strength, but he can still join the army like Bao in poetry" ("The rhyme of seeing and sending with the teacher"), Xin Qiji promised himself with Bao Zhao. His poetic style was elegant, and besides the "Jiangxi" and "Jianghu" at that time, he had his own way of marching. Moreover, some of his anti Japanese poetry, solemn and stirring, may not be under his anti Japanese poetry, but after all, Xin Qiji wrote poetry in addition to his poetry, and his achievements in poetry can not be compared with that of poetry.

3. Article:

In addition to his achievements in poetry, Xin Qiji's writing style is magnificent and full of pride, which is quite commendable. Xin Qiji's essays, according to Deng Guangming's compilation, are 17, most of which are sulfur readings, except for a few enlightenment notes and sacrificial essays. Such memorials, to a certain extent, revealed the sharp national and class contradictions that existed at that time, and more profoundly reflected the social reality; He also systematically stated Xin Qiji's views and strategies on fighting against the Jin Dynasty and recovering his career, which fully reflected his "heroic spirit" and "strong spirit". Xin Qiji has clearly declared that "the people who talk about the world are the masters of qi" (the second part of the Nine Opinions). The so-called "style of writing is bold, the wisdom is simple, and the power to write is strong" (The Complete Works of Hou Cun, Vol. 98), which reflects the characteristics of Xin Wen. Later generations regarded him as a great writer of political essays in the Southern Song Dynasty, which was only covered by the name of Ci and was not well known.

2、 Calligraphy:

Xin Qiji has a "Calligraphy of Going to the State", which is now stored in the Palace Museum. Paper book, ten lines of semi cursive script, is for correspondence. At the end of the document, "Xuanjiao Lang Xin removed the secret pavilion and revised the right of writing. Jiangnan West Road raised the issue of criminal justice, Xin Qiji, Zhazi". The center uses a pen, stippling rules, and writes smoothly and freely, without losing the appearance of straightness and squareness in the roundness and beauty.

"The Calligraphy of Going to the Country" was once collected by Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty, Huang Lin, Xiang Yuanpei in the Ming Dynasty and Yong Europe in the Qing Dynasty, and was described as "Calligraphy and Painting Appreciation".

3、 Military:

1. Military activities:

Xin Qiji is not only an expert in Ci, but also a rare talent of the general. As a general, he can take the lead and capture Zhang Anguo among thousands of troops; He is handsome and can command with determination. He has the merit of pacifying the tea merchant army in January.

Xin Qiji once proposed large-scale cross sea landing operations, which are coordinated with land attacks. His idea is full of military creativity. He said that it has the same effect as Han Xin's idea of bypassing the Central Plains and reaching the same place during the Chu Han War.

2. Military thinking:

Xin Qiji's military theory is mainly embodied in Ten Comments on American Celery. "Ten Treatises on the United States and Celery", also known as "Ten Treatises on the Imperial Army", is a military political paper by Xin Qiji. From the first theory to the tenth theory, the book is all brilliant and has high research value. At the same time, it is also a good military treatise, which states the grand plan of fighting against the Japanese and saving the nation, recovering lost territory and unifying China. After Xin Qiji presented Ten Treatises on Beautiful Celery to Emperor Xiaozong of Song Dynasty, later generations took "Beautiful Celery" as a synonym for worrying about the country, the people and the subversion of the country. The Ten Treatises on Beauty and Celery is divided into ten chapters, which are respectively Shen Shi, Cha Qing, Guan Ri, Autonomous, Shou Huai, Zhi Yong, Fang Wei, Jiu Ren, and Xiang Zhan. They have constructed in detail the national governance strategy from spirit to material and then to military management, and stated the way of employing people and troops. At last, he showed Xiaozong the strategic idea of the Southern Song Dynasty attacking the Jin State step by step, and systematically demonstrated Xin Qiji's strategic policy and foresight, which was enough to reflect his military strategic level and strategy.

What are the engineering majors in universities

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