Topic content:
Hai Rui, named Ruxian, is from Qiongshan. Take the provincial examination, issue the instructions from Nanping, move to the county of Chun'an, and let the old servants eat their own vegetables. Hu Zongxian, the governor, said, "Yesterday I heard that the sea order was the mother's birthday, and the market meat weighed two jin." Yan Maoqing, the imperial historian, went to the ministry, and the supplies were very thin. The town of Kangyan was too small to accommodate cars and horses. Mao Qing was very angry. However, I have heard of the auspicious name, so I went to collect power.
He lived in Xiyuan for a long time, and did not look at the dynasty. The governor and senior officials competed with Fu Rui, and the ceremonial officials often congratulated him. There is no court official who dares to speak about current politics, and Rui is the only one who can do better. When the emperor was relieved and angry, he arrived at the place. Gu Zuoyou said, "If you are interested in it, you will not escape!" The eunuch Huang Jin said on his side, "This man has a reputation for being a fool. When he heard about it, he knew that he would die if he offended his wife. When the city was in a coffin, he would punish his wife. When he was in court, his servants would also run away without leaving, so he would not escape." The emperor was silent. After a short while, I read it again and again, feeling moved too much.
(Muzong Longqing of the Ming Dynasty) In the summer of the third year, Ying Tianshifu, the governor of the Imperial Historian of Youjin, was appointed. The subordinate officials are afraid of their power, and the ink people are mostly free from it. Zhu Danqi, a powerful man, can smell auspicious and swarthy. People who supervise weaving are responsible for reducing public opinion. The merger of big families with simple diseases will destroy the powerful and powerful, and pacify the poor and weak. If the poor land enters the rich room, they will take it back. The order was swift and fierce, and the department was anxious to follow it. Those who were powerful went to other counties to avoid. However, most of the traitors took the opportunity to accuse them, so there were some people who were falsely wronged. Also, we cut the postage. Scholars and officialdom are not allowed to pay for the meal when they are out of the country, so there is much resentment. It is advisable to take Nanjing as the place of the Qing Dynasty, and the emperor will reward the auspicious with his superior imperial edict. Later, Dai Fengxiang impeached Ruipi, the traitors, the fish and meat gentry, and became the governor of the Nanjing Grain Reserve. When he took his new post, Gao Gong was in charge of the Ministry of Officials, and his title was Rui. He worked in the Ministry of Household in Nanjing, and Rui thanked him for his illness.
The emperor repeatedly wanted to summon Rui to govern Yin Ju, but he thought that Nanjing was the imperial historian of the right capital. Zhusisu is lazy, Rui corrects it with his own body. Fang Huan, the Imperial Historian who proposed to study, was afraid of seeing a correction. He wanted to start first, but Zhong Yuchun encouraged him again, and Huan went on to dispel the scandal. Rui also repeatedly begged and refused to stay. In fifteen years, he was an official. As a gift to the crown prince, Taibao, has a posthumous title of Zhongjie.
(From Ming History? Biography of Hai Rui)
[Note] ① Millet removal: brown rice.
② Fast and fierce: the momentum is fierce.
③ Correction (zh í): report and correct.
Subtitle 1: Analysis of underlined words in the following sentences. The incorrect one is ()
A. Mao Qing was very angry: angry
B. Rui Sui thanks for his illness
C. Pure title and auspicious title: hatred
D. The Yin of Ruling Yin Ju: Subtitle 2: In the following groups of sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage of the underlined words is ()
A. To reduce public opinion, we should raise our swords and look around
B. Powerful people go to other counties to avoid the wood and prosper
C. If he works for the Nanjing Household Department, he will be ashamed of his teacher
D. Topic 3: The following is an incorrect analysis and summary of the content of the original text
A. When Hai Rui moved to Chun'an County, he was clean and honest, wore cloth robes and ate coarse grains and brown rice, so that the old servants could grow vegetables on their own. He bought two jin of meat when he heard that he wished his mother a birthday.
B. The Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty had been in power for a long time, and he did not care about government affairs but fasted to practice Taoism. No one dares to speak, Hairui is alone. When the emperor read the memorial, he was very angry. He threw the memorial on the ground and ordered him to be arrested.
C. Hai Rui was too aggressive in carrying out government orders. Some traitors took the opportunity to complain, and some aristocratic family members were wronged. Several officials in the central court wrote to state his guilt, and the emperor was forced to dismiss him.
D. After Hairui takes office again, he is still upright and courageous. Fang Huan, who proposed to learn from the Imperial Historian, is afraid of being exposed. The villain first complains and slanders Hairui. Hairui also asked for retirement many times, but the emperor did not agree. Subtitle 4: Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese (10 points)
(1) When one hears of it, he knows that one should die if he touches others. A coffin in the city is a memorial to his wife, and he will be punished by the court. The servants will also run away without leaving anyone, so they will not escape.
(2) The merger of large families with simple diseases will destroy the powerful and powerful, and pacify the poor and weak. If the poor land enters the rich room, they will take it back.
Best answer:
Subtopic 1: B
Subtitle 2: A
Subtopic 3: C
Subtitle 4: (1) When I heard that he (Hai Rui) was absent, I knew that he would offend the emperor and die. I bought a coffin to bid farewell to my wife and waited for punishment in the imperial court. The slaves also fled everywhere and did not stay. In this way, they would not escape.
(2) Hai Rui has always hated the land annexation of big families, tried to fight against powerful forces and pacify the poor and weak people. The land that the poor people were annexed by the rich and the poor, Hairui took back all of it and handed it back to the restoration owner.
Answer analysis:
Subtitle 1: B (Xie: Resign from office)
Subtitle 2: A (A: because; B: denoting purpose, lai/conjunction; C: To/for; D: Pronoun, he/used between subject and predicate)
Subtitle 3: C (There is a problem with the saying that "the emperor was forced to dismiss him from his post". The original saying that "the emperor gave an excellent imperial edict to reward Rui" and "... Rui then thanked his illness and returned" can be used as evidence.)
Subtitle 4: (1) When translating this sentence, 1 point for "offending others", 1 point for "city", 1 point for "secret" and 1 point for "escape", and 1 point for sentence meaning.
(2) In this sentence, "element", "disease", "rate" and attribute postposition are respectively 1 point, and sentence meaning is 1 point.
Comment: The examination of classical Chinese content words and function words in this question is relatively simple. What should be noticed is the second sub topic. Compare the translation of this classical function word into modern Chinese to see whether it is translated into the same word. First understand and translate the function words in the text, then compare the function words in the passage. Connect the overall meaning of the sentence with the meaning of the context, and pay attention to the relationship between the context. With the help of sentence structure, see whether the part of speech of the function word in the two sentences is the same as the composition. Translating classical Chinese sentences is a must for reading classical Chinese. The standard of classical Chinese translation is three words: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. For students, it is good to reach the first two standards of "faithfulness" (accuracy) and "attainment" (fluency). Because the college entrance examination requires that the translation of classical Chinese should be literal and pay attention to the implementation of words, especially the understanding of key words and the judgment of special sentence patterns.
Attachment: Classical Chinese Translation
Hai Rui, known as Ruxian, is a native of Qiongshan (now Hainan). After passing the provincial examination, he was appointed as the teacher of Nanping County and transferred to the county magistrate of Chun'an. He wore a cloth robe, ate coarse rice, and let the old servant grow vegetables for himself. Hu Zongxian, the governor (official name), once said to people, "Yesterday I heard that Hai County Magistrate celebrated his mother's birthday and bought two jin of meat." Yu Shi Du (official name) Yan Maoqing passed by Chun'an County, and Hai Rui treated them poorly, saying that Chun'an County was too small to accommodate horses and cars. Yan Maoqing was very angry. But he had already heard of Hairui's reputation, so he had to restrain his authority and leave.
At that time, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty had been in power for a long time. Instead of going to the court to deal with government affairs, he lived in Xiyuan and concentrated on fasting and cultivating. Governor, governor and other high-ranking officials scramble to contribute auspicious items to the emperor, and the ceremonial officials always congratulate him. There is no one among the court officials who dares to talk about current affairs, so Hairui goes to school alone. When Emperor Jiajing read Hairui's memorial, he was very angry. He threw the memorial on the ground and said to his officials, "Catch him quickly and don't let him run away!" The eunuch Huang Jin said beside him, "This man has always had a fool's name. I heard that when he went to the imperial court, he knew that he would be damned if he offended the emperor. He bought a coffin, bid farewell to his wife, and waited for punishment in the imperial court. The servants also fled everywhere and did not stay. In this way, they would not escape. " The emperor was silent. After a while, he read Hairui's memorial again. He repeated it many times a day and sighed for it.
(Muzong Longqing of the Ming Dynasty) In the summer of the third year, (Hai Rui) inspected Yingtian Ten Mansions in his capacity as the Imperial Historian of Youjindu. The subordinate officials feared his dignity, and many corrupt people left their jobs voluntarily. The prominent dignitaries painted the gate red. Heard that Hairui was coming, they painted the red gate black. The eunuch Ren Jiangnan weaves has reduced his chariot and horse attendants because of Hai Ruilai. Hai Rui has always hated the land annexation of big families, tried to fight against powerful forces and pacify the poor and weak people. Hai Rui has always hated the land annexation of big families, tried to fight against powerful forces and pacify the poor and weak people. The land that the poor people were annexed by the rich and the poor, Hairui took back all of it and handed it back to the restoration owner. He carried out the decrees with great vigour, and the officials in charge (under his control) were cautious and did not disobey them, so that the capable heroes ran to other places to escape. The traitors often take the opportunity to complain, and some of the aristocratic families are often framed and wronged. Hairui also cut down the supply cost of the post station. Most of the literati and officialdom who passed Hairui's jurisdiction could not get something to offer and a place to stay, so they complained more and more. Dugei Shuhua commented on Hai Rui to the emperor in the matter, saying that he was obstinate and did not know the key points of administration. He suggested that he should be placed in an idle position in Nanjing. The emperor still issued an imperial edict in praise of Hai Rui. Before long, Dai Fengxiang impeached Hai Rui for protecting the traitors, persecuted the literati and officials, and sought fame and reputation to undermine the political affairs, so he transferred Hai Rui to the post of Nanjing Grain Reserve. Hairui is going to take a new post when Gao Gong is in charge of the official department. He always hates Hairui and merges Hairui's position into the Nanjing Household Department. Hairui then complains of illness and returns home.
The emperor repeatedly wanted to call Hairui, but the person in charge of the government secretly stopped him, so he appointed Hairui as the imperial historian of Nanjing City. All competent officials have always been lazy, and Hairui has set an example to correct the shortcomings. Fang Huan, the Imperial Historian who proposed to study, was afraid of being exposed. He wanted the villain to complain first. Zhong Yuchun encouraged him to do so. Fang Huan went to the public twice to slander Hai Rui. Hairui also wrote to ask for retirement many times, but the emperor issued an imperial edict to encourage him to stay and refused to allow him to retire. In the 15th year of Wanli's reign, Hairui died. He was posthumously recognized as the Crown Prince and Taibao, with a posthumous title of Zhongjie.
Test core:
Reading of classical Chinese: "Classical Chinese refers to the written language of ancient Chinese formed on the basis of the spoken language of the pre-qin period and the language in the works of the writers of the past dynasties who imitated ancient Chinese". Classical Chinese, that is, articles written in classical Chinese, that is, ancient classical Chinese works and works imitating it in previous dynasties. As a stereotyped written language, classical Chinese has been used for two or three thousand years, ranging from pre Qin scholars, Han Dynasty poetry, historical prose, to Tang and Song ancient prose, Ming and Qing stereotyped writing. In other words, classical Chinese is the written language of ancient China and the source of modern Chinese. Classical Chinese has a large proportion in middle school textbooks. To learn classical Chinese well, first of all, understand the words in the language environment, constantly accumulate, skillfully grasp the application of classical Chinese sentence patterns, accurately translate the text and deepen the understanding of the text on the basis of familiar reading and recitation, and consciously improve their literary appreciation and evaluation ability.
