Topic content:
Read the following two pictures and answer the following questions. (4 points, 0.5 point for each space)
(1) The longitude and latitude position of point C in the figure is ______ ____; The longitude and latitude position of point E is ______________.
(2) Among the points A to F in the figure, ___________ is the point with extreme day and night, __________ is the point located in the north temperate zone, and __________ is the point located in the low latitude.
(3) Among points A to F, there are _________ points in the Eastern Hemisphere and _________ points in the Western Hemisphere.
(4) If this is December 22, the longest day at each point in the figure is __________________.
Best answer:
Subtopic 1: (150 ° E, 45 ° N) (15 ° E, 30 ° S)
Subtitle 2: A BC D
Subtopic 3: DEC ABF
Subtitle 4: F
Answer analysis:
Subtitle 1: Along the rotation direction: the east longitude increases and the west longitude decreases; The north latitude increases to north latitude; The north latitude is reduced to the south latitude, and the longitude line between the two longitudes 15 ° is 0 ° longitude, according to which the longitude and latitude of points C and E can be judged.
Subtitle 2: Polar day and night phenomena only occur within the polar circle, that is, the latitude is higher than 66.5 °, so only point A is consistent. The North Temperate Zone refers to the range from the Tropic of Cancer to the Arctic Circle, and points B and C coincide. Low latitude means that the latitude is lower than 30 °, so point D is consistent.
Subtopic 3: The eastern hemisphere refers to longitude 20 ° W and 160 ° E eastward; Therefore, DEC points are consistent; In the Western Hemisphere, the longitude range is 160 ° E to 20 ° W, so the ABF point is consistent.
Subtitle 4: On December 22, the direct sunlight point is located on the Tropic of Capricorn, so the longer the day goes south, the longest day should be located at the southernmost latitude.
Comment: The difficulty of this question is low, but there are many test points. As long as students patiently analyze and solve the question in combination with the general law of longitude and latitude distribution, the problem will be solved easily, but they need to pay attention to the integrity of the answer.
Test core:
Globe: people imitate the shape of the earth and reduce it in a certain proportion to make a model of the earth - the globe.
(1) The earth axis - the imaginary axis of the earth's rotation (2) The poles - the earth axis passes through the earth's center and intersects the earth's surface at two points. The point pointing to the North Star is called the North Pole; The opposite of the North Pole is called the South Pole.
(3) Equator - a large circle on a globe that is equidistant from the north and south poles.
Longitude and latitude lines: Longitude and latitude lines are drawn on the globe and map in order to determine the position and direction on the earth. There is no longitude and latitude line on the ground. The line connecting the north and south poles is called longitude. The line perpendicular to the longitude is called the weft line. A weft line is a circle of unequal lengths. The longest latitude line is the equator. Because longitude indicates the north-south direction, it is also called meridian. According to international regulations, the longitude passing through the original site of the British Greenwich Observatory is called the 0 ° longitude, also called the prime meridian. On the earth, the longitude indicates the north-south direction, and the latitude indicates the east-west direction.
(1) Latitudinal line: a circle circling the earth in the east-west direction.
(2) A line connecting the north and south poles and perpendicular to the latitude line.