Topic content:
[Common Sense of Economics]
Roosevelt's New Deal made great contributions to the development of American agriculture, the improvement of farmers' living standards and the modernization of agriculture. In general, the agricultural income was 4.5 billion US dollars in 1932 (more than 1.9 billion net income), and rose to 6.9 billion US dollars in 1935 (more than 4.6 billion net income). In 1935, the living standard of farmers increased by 1/3 according to the parity level, the level of agricultural mechanization was greatly improved, and electricity and telecommunications were also widely used in rural areas. This has established American agriculture on the basis of modern equipment and modern social services, strengthened the position of American agriculture in the world, and laid a solid foundation for the victory of World War II and the establishment of post-war world hegemony.
(1) Why can Roosevelt's New Deal strengthen the position of American agriculture in the world? (6 points)
(2) What important enlightenment does Roosevelt's New Deal have for China's early realization of agricultural modernization? (6 points)
Best answer:
(1) ① The Agricultural Adjustment Law was issued to stabilize the income of agricultural operators and stabilize and restore agriculture. (3 points)
② Through the Federal Emergency Relief Law and the Social Security Law, a broad social security system will be established to ensure the minimum living standard of farmers. (3 points)
(2) ① The realization of agricultural modernization in China also has problems such as weak agricultural foundation, lagging rural development, and slow income increase of farmers. (3 points) ② To realize agricultural modernization as soon as possible, the Chinese government should use fiscal and tax policies, strengthen national macro-control, improve the social security system, increase agricultural investment, increase farmers' income, ensure their basic life, and promote the construction of a new socialist countryside. (3 points)
Answer analysis:
(1) This question asks students to explain why Roosevelt's New Deal can strengthen the position of American agriculture in the world. The cut of this question is not big. It directly examines students' understanding and memory of Roosevelt's New Deal measures in the field of agricultural production. Roosevelt's New Deal, through the introduction of the Agricultural Adjustment Law, the Federal Emergency Relief Law and the Social Security Law, stabilized the income of agricultural operators, guaranteed the minimum living standard of farmers, and fully mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in agricultural production; Vigorously encourage agricultural production to adopt new technologies and use modern equipment to serve agricultural production, which has improved the mechanization level of agricultural production and the capacity of agricultural production.
(2) This question asks students to explain the important enlightenment of Roosevelt's New Deal for China's early realization of agricultural modernization. The answer to this question must be based on the answer to the above question. There are some problems in China's agriculture, such as weak foundation, lagging rural development, slow income increase of farmers, etc. Therefore, students should also analyze and explain how to solve this problem from the aspects of increasing agricultural investment through national macro-control, improving the level of agricultural infrastructure and technical equipment in China, and ensuring the basic life of agriculture through improving the social security system.
Test core: