The purpose of financial evaluation includes:
1. From the perspective of enterprise or project, analyze the investment effect and evaluate the profitability after the project is completed and put into operation;
2. Determine the source of funds needed for a project, and develop a fund plan;
3. Estimate the loan repayment ability of the project;
4. To provide basis for coordinating the interests of enterprises and national interests.
Financial evaluation is to analyze and calculate the financial benefits and costs directly incurred by the project based on the current national financial and tax system and current price system on the basis of market prices from the perspective of enterprises, and then prepare financial statements, calculate financial evaluation indicators, and inspect the profitability, liquidity, foreign exchange balance and other financial conditions of the project to determine the financial feasibility of the project.
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The basic purpose of comprehensive financial evaluation is
The basic purpose of financial comprehensive evaluation is (). A. Horizontal contrast; B. Financial decision; C. Operator incentive; D. Analyze the change trend. The correct answer is A Horizontal contrast; B. Financial decision; C. Operator incentive; D. Analyze the change trend.
There are four main methods of financial comprehensive evaluation, including DuPont financial analysis system, Wall scoring method, comprehensive index method of business performance evaluation, and efficacy function method.
Among them, DuPont financial analysis system refers to the comprehensive analysis of the financial situation of enterprises by using the relationship between several major financial ratios, which is used to evaluate the profitability of companies and the level of return on shareholders' equity; Wall scoring method combines several financial ratios with linear relationship, which belongs to comprehensive ratio evaluation system;
The comprehensive index method of business performance evaluation refers to the use of a series of methods to conduct quantitative assessment and analysis of the production and operation status and operator performance of an enterprise or its branch within a certain business period, and make an objective and fair value judgment; The power function method is to determine a satisfactory value and an impermissible value for each evaluation index, and calculate the degree of satisfaction of each index with the satisfactory value as the upper limit and the impermissible value as the lower limit.
Financial evaluation indicators include: sales profit rate, total assets return rate, capital return rate, capital maintenance and appreciation rate, asset liability ratio, current ratio, quick ratio, accounts receivable turnover rate, inventory turnover rate, etc.
What is the purpose of financial analysis?
The purpose of financial analysis is to:
1. Financial analysis refers to the systematic analysis and evaluation of the past and present operating results, financial status and changes of enterprises based on and starting from financial statements and other data, using special methods. The purpose is to understand the past, evaluate the present, predict the future, and help interest groups improve decision-making.
2. The most basic function of financial analysis is to convert a large amount of report data into information useful for specific decisions to reduce the uncertainty of decisions.
3. The starting point of financial analysis is financial statements, and most of the data used in the analysis are from publicly published financial statements. Therefore, the premise of financial analysis is to correctly understand the financial statements.
4. The result of financial analysis is to evaluate the solvency, profitability and risk resistance of the enterprise, or find out the existing problems.
Development materials
1、 Financial analysis
Financial analysis is an economic management activity that uses a series of special analysis techniques and methods to analyze and evaluate the profitability, operating capacity, solvency and growth capacity of past and present financing activities, investment activities, operating activities, distribution activities of enterprises and other economic organizations based on accounting, statement materials and other relevant materials. It is an economic application discipline that provides accurate information or basis for investors, creditors, operators and other organizations or individuals concerned with the enterprise to understand the past, evaluate the current situation of the enterprise, and predict the future of the enterprise to make correct decisions.
As for the definition of financial analysis, there are many expressions. Water B. Neigs, a professor at the University of Southern California, believes that the essence of financial analysis is a technology to collect, analyze and explain various financial information related to decision-making.
There are many methods and tools for financial analysis, and the specific application should be based on the purpose of the analyst. It is most often used to perform single indicator and multi indicator comprehensive analysis around financial indicators, plus borrow some reference values (such as budget, target, etc.), use some analysis methods (such as ratio, trend, structure, factor, etc.) for analysis, and then present them to users in an intuitive and user-friendly format (reports, graphic reports, etc.).
2、 Work content of financial analysis:
1. Capital operation analysis: according to the company's business strategy and financial system, predict and supervise the company's cash flow and use of funds, and provide information and decision support for the company's capital operation, scheduling and overall planning.
2. Financial policy analysis: analyze and predict the company's financial returns and risks according to various financial statements, and provide suggestions for the company's business development, establishment and adjustment of financial management policies and systems.
3. Operation management analysis: participate in financial forecast, budget execution analysis and performance analysis of sales and production, and put forward professional analysis suggestions to provide professional financial support for business decisions.
4. Investment and financing management analysis: participate in financial calculation, cost analysis, sensitivity analysis and other activities of investment and financing projects, cooperate with the superior to develop investment and financing plans, prevent risks, and maximize the company's interests.
5. Financial analysis report: according to financial management policies and business development needs, write financial analysis report, investment financial research report, feasibility study report, etc., to provide analysis support for the company's financial decisions.
3、 Meaning of financial analysis:
1. Financial analysis is an important basis for evaluating financial status and operating performance
Through financial analysis, we can understand the solvency, operating capacity, profitability and cash flow of enterprises, reasonably evaluate the operating performance of operators, reward the good and punish the bad, and promote the improvement of management level.
2. Financial analysis is an important means to achieve financial goals
The fundamental goal of corporate finance is to maximize the value of enterprises. Through financial analysis, we constantly tap the potential, reveal the contradictions from all aspects, find out the gaps, fully understand the unused human and material resources, find the reasons for improper use, and promote the operation of business activities in accordance with the goal of maximizing enterprise value.
3. Financial analysis is an important step to implement correct investment decisions
Through financial analysis, investors can understand the profitability and solvency of enterprises, so as to further predict the level of return and risk after investment, so as to make correct investment decisions.
How do investors analyze financial statements of listed companies _ Xinhuanet
