Topic content:
Read "Latitude and longitude map" and complete the following questions. (10 points)
(1) Longitude and latitude position: A ______, C ______.
(2) C is located in the ______ direction of A, and a plane flies from A to B along the shortest route. The appropriate heading is ______.
(3) The distance between C and D is ______ (less than, equal to, or greater than) the distance between C and B.
Best answer:
(1)(60°S,170°W) (70°S,170°E)
(2) Southwest First Southwest, then Northwest
(3) Less than
Answer analysis:
Question (1) On the top view of the Antarctic region, it can be seen that the rotation direction of the earth is clockwise, so A in the figure is the west longitude, the longitude of the other three points is the east longitude, and the latitude of A, B, C and D is the south latitude. From this, it can be concluded that the geographical coordinates of A and C are respectively (60 ° S, 170 ° W) (70 ° S, 170 ° E). Question (2) According to the method of direction head judgment on the longitude and latitude network chart, it can be determined that C is located in the southwest of A, and A and B are on the same latitude line. The shortest distance between two points on the sphere is the length of the arc of the two great circles, flying first to high latitude, then to low latitude, so from A to B, the direction along the shortest route is first to southwest, then to northwest. Question (3) The span of longitude and latitude between C and D and between C and B is the same, but the latitude of B is lower, so the distance between C and D is smaller than that between C and B
Comment: This question is mainly about the examinee's interpretation of the longitude and latitude network. From the pole in the figure is S, it can be seen that the area in the figure is part of the polar view centered on the South Pole. The test questions involve the determination of east-west longitude and south-north latitude, the determination of the direction on the longitude and latitude grid, the determination and calculation of the shortest distance between two points on the sphere. The test questions are comprehensive to a certain extent and belong to the middle and difficult questions
Test core:
Globe: people imitate the shape of the earth and reduce it in a certain proportion to make a model of the earth - the globe.
(1) The earth axis - the imaginary axis of the earth's rotation (2) The poles - the earth axis passes through the earth's center and intersects the earth's surface at two points. The point pointing to the North Star is called the North Pole; The opposite of the North Pole is called the South Pole.
(3) Equator - a large circle on a globe that is equidistant from the north and south poles.
Longitude and latitude lines: Longitude and latitude lines are drawn on the globe and map in order to determine the position and direction on the earth. There is no longitude and latitude line on the ground. The line connecting the north and south poles is called longitude. The line perpendicular to the longitude is called the weft line. A weft line is a circle of unequal lengths. The longest latitude line is the equator. Because longitude indicates the north-south direction, it is also called meridian. According to international regulations, the longitude passing through the original site of the British Greenwich Observatory is called the 0 ° longitude, also called the prime meridian. On the earth, the longitude indicates the north-south direction, and the latitude indicates the east-west direction.
(1) Latitudinal line: a circle circling the earth in the east-west direction.
(2) A line connecting the north and south poles and perpendicular to the latitude line.