In many people's impression, the most obvious label of Shanxi is generally coal, Shanxi merchants, or vinegar.
However, in the southern part of Shanxi, there is a city that has sprung up relying on salt. It is named after salt,
It is Yuncheng 。
Yuncheng is named after the "City of Salt Transportation".
Yuncheng Salt Lake (Jiechi), located in Jinnan Basin, is known as the "Dead Sea of China". It was formed in the fourth generation of the Cenozoic. As the mountains went out to the sea, a large number of salt bearing minerals gathered.
Picture/Little Red Book @ Xiao Hongyue Kathy
For thousands of years, people have dried salt here, and salt has been transported from here to all parts of the country, hence the name Yuncheng.
Liu Zongyuan, who went out of Yuncheng, also described the scene of people drawing water and drying salt: "The river runs along the banks of the ditch and the city, criss crossing the circle, like crops like a garden, fishing is full of scale, and the roots are unknown."
▲ The salt tax of Yuncheng Salt Lake once accounted for one eighth of the national fiscal revenue. Figure/Yuncheng News Network
It is said that a long time ago, the battle between the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor in Banquan was fought in Yuncheng today, and the reason for the war was to fight for salt mines.
In the battle of Banquan, the guide car invented by Feng Hou, the prime minister of the Yellow Emperor, played an important role. Unfortunately, Feng Hou died in battle, and the Yellow Emperor was so sad that he buried him in Zhao Village, north of the Yellow River. Later generations renamed Zhao Village "Feng Hou Mausoleum", meaning the tomb of Feng Hou.
This is also the east turning corner of the Yellow River, where the Weihe River, Luohe River from the west and the Yellow River rolling down from the south meet. Historically, the Yellow River has been crossed by boat, also known as "Fengling Ferry".
When we first met at Fengling Ferry, we missed Yang Guo for life.
Under the pen of Master Jin Yong, 16 year old Guo Xiang met Yang Guo here. Fengling Ferry became the biggest disaster in Guo Xiang's life. Later, Guo Xiang founded Emei Sect and named his disciples Abbess Fengling.
Historically, Fengling Ferry was the largest ferry crossing on the Yellow River. From here on, the Yellow River flows eastward, which is spectacular.
▲ When the Yellow River reaches Fenglingdu, it turns to the lower reaches in the middle reaches, which naturally divides the provincial boundaries between Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan, and "Jiming Three Provinces" comes from this.
Looking across the river from Fenglingdu, the opposite bank is Tongguan, Shaanxi. The straight distance between Fenglingdu and Tongguan is only 15 kilometers.
Maybe because they drink the same river, Yuncheng and Guanzhong naturally feel close.
Yuncheng dialect is very similar to Xi'an dialect, and Yuncheng people also like mutton soaked buns very much.
▲ Different from the way Xi'an mutton is soaked in steamed buns, Yuncheng people like to eat large pieces of steamed buns, and Xi'an likes to break them into small pieces. Figure/Weibo @ Say, Shadow and Explain the Play
One of the childhood memories of many Yuncheng people is that when they ate as children, when they watched the Weather Forecast after the News Network ended, the whole family was concerned about the weather in Xi'an.
▲ From Yuncheng to Xi'an is about half as far as Taiyuan, the provincial capital.
Yuncheng is also a famous historical and cultural city with low profile.
In 2019, the State Council issued the Notice on Approving and Announcing the Eighth Batch of National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units, and Shanxi Province was selected as 79 units. So far, there are 531 national protected units in Shanxi, ranking first in the country. Among them, Yuncheng has 12 new places and 102 national insurance units, surpassing Beijing and ranking first among prefecture level cities in China.
Pujin Ferry, more than 20 kilometers upstream of Fengling Ferry, is the place where the Yellow River iron cattle of the Tang Dynasty were found.
▲ The Yellow River Iron Bull in Yongji County
Pujindu is located in Yongji County. Yongji was called Puban in ancient times. Later, it was named Yongji because it was adjacent to Yongji Canal in the west.
Pujin Ferry is adjacent to the Pujiu Temple, the place where the story of the West Chamber took place, to the east, and faces the Stork Tower, one of the four famous buildings in China, to the west.
The Pujiu Temple was built in the period of Empress Wu of the Tang Dynasty. The love story of "The matchmaker leads the red line under the moon, and Zhang Sheng meets Cui Yingying" in Wang Shifu's West Chamber of the Yuan Dynasty happened in the Pujiu Temple.
The stupa in the temple is commonly known as Yingying Pagoda. This pagoda, together with the Echo Wall of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, the Pagoda of Baolun Temple in Henan, and the "Stone Qin" in Tongnan Grand Buddhist Temple in Chongqing, is called the four existing echo buildings in China.
The poet Wang Zhihuan once stood on the stork tower and recited a famous line that has been eulogizing for thousands of years: the Yellow River flows into the sea when the mountain is at its end in the daytime. If you want to go further, you can write the Stork Tower in the hearts of people all over the world with only 20 words.
From Fengling Ferry down, Dayu Ferry and Maojin Ferry are the three famous ferries on the Yellow River.
Dayu Ferry is almost at the corner of the Yellow River, not far from the famous Hangu Pass.
The ferry below Dayu Ferry is Maojin Ferry, also called Huixing Ancient Ferry. After passing Maojin Ferry, you will reach the boundary of Henan Province.
Pinglu, where Mao Jindu is located, is not famous but has a long history.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the State of Yu and the State of Guo were in power here.
At that time, the Duke Xian of Jin launched a large-scale military expansion to destroy the State of Guo, but there was a State of Yu between the State of Jin and the State of Guo, and the crusade against the State of Guo had to pass through Yu. So the Duke Xian of Jin sent the monarch of the State of Yu a lot of BMW and precious jade, hoping that the State of Yu would take the way to the Jin troops who went south to crusade against the State of Guo.
At that time, Gong Zhiqi, a doctor of the State of Yu, hurriedly persuaded that Yu and Guo were close neighbors. When Guo was destroyed, Yu could not survive alone. But the greedy monarch of the State of Yu agreed to the Duke Xian of the Jin Dynasty. So on the way back from the destruction of Guo, the Jin army smoothly destroyed the State of Yu.
This is the origin of the idioms "Fake Yu destroyed Guo" and "Death of the lips and cold teeth". At that time, the Jin State destroyed Yu Guo and the other two countries, namely, Maojin crossed to Henan, and won the victory at one stroke.
The State of Jin rose when it was presented to the Duke of Jin. Later, Duke Wen of Jin defeated the State of Chu in the battle of Chengpu and became the overlord of the Central Plains.
▲ Unique in the Spring and Autumn Period Most of the time, Jin and Chu were contending for hegemony, while Qi and Qin were watching.
In the heyday of Jin, its territory covered all of Shanxi Province today, as well as parts of Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places, which is also the origin of Shanxi's abbreviation "Jin".
▲ The State of Jin was divided into the three kingdoms of Han, Zhao and Wei, which occupied three seats among the seven heroes of the Warring States Period. This shows how powerful the State of Jin was in those days.
As the saying goes, prosperity is bound to decline. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the three families divided Jin. History entered the Warring States Period, so today we are also used to calling Shanxi the land of three Jin.
The overlords at that time also particularly favored the land of Yuncheng. First, the crazy Duke Xian of Jin set the country's capital in Jiang, which is today's Yuncheng Jiang County.
After the three families were divided into Jin, Yuncheng belonged to the strongest Wei at that time. The capital of the State of Wei was Anyi, which is today's Xiaxian County of Yuncheng.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yuncheng was called Hedong area because it was located to the east of the Yellow River.
There are three famous families in Hedong: Liu, Xue and Pei.
Liu Ran in the popular TV play "The Wind Rises in Luoyang" a while ago came from the Liushi in Hedong. In the play, she married the son of the minister of the Ministry of Work, all of whom belonged to the next marriage.
The wife of Chen Jichang in the Hedong Lion Roar is also said to have come from the Hedong Liu family. The Hedong Liu family is best known as Liu Xiahui and Liu Zongyuan.
Xue Rengui, a white robed general, was born in the Xue family in Hedong, and the Pei family in Hedong is a famous family in the history of feudal society in China , in the TV play The Wind Rises The Rainbow Clothes Pei Xingjian was born in He Dong Pei Family.
▲ The stills of TV series The Wind Rises The Rainy Clothes
There have also emerged such civil and military talents as Zhang Yi, Wang Bo, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei, Liu Zongyuan and Sima Guang 。
The glorious and long history has left too many precious traces on this land.
▲ Wanrong Jiwang Temple Map/Wander around and listen to the scorpion's chant
Wanrong Jiwang Temple, located in the northwest of Wanrong County, Yuncheng City, is dedicated to Hou Ji, the ancestor of agriculture. It is said that Hou Ji taught people to plant various food crops here in ancient times.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
The Jiwang Temple faces south from the north. There is only one main hall and one stage left. The main hall is five rooms wide and three rooms deep. The roof of the single eaved veranda is the highest in the existing single eaved buildings before the Yuan Dynasty in southern Shanxi.
▲ Stage drawing/poor tour er Yixiu mama _tallzq
Archaeologists once found an inscription on the front eaves of the main hall, "The First Year of the Heavenly Sage" (1023), which established the identity of the wooden architecture remains on the top of the side hall of the Northern Song Dynasty,
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
Jiwang Temple has also become the only remaining building on the top of the side hall of the Northern Song Dynasty in China.
However, the most representative building in Vang Vieng is Feiyun Building. There is a local saying in Vang Vieng that goes like this: "Vang Vieng has a Jiedian Building, half of which is in the sky".
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
Jiedian Tower refers to the Feiyun Tower located in Dongyue Temple in Jiedian Town. It is said that Feiyun Tower was built in the Tang Dynasty by Lu Ban, and the existing building was built in the first year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1506).
Figure/Wander around and listen to the scorpion's chant
Feiyun Tower is a pure wooden structure, with a cross resting on the top of the mountain. There is no iron nail in the building. It has three floors outside and five floors inside. There are 345 groups of dougong in the whole building, which is known as "the first wooden building in China" and "the south tower and the north tower" together with Yingxian wooden tower.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
The Yongle Palace before relocation was not far from Fenglingdu. In 1959, it was moved to the current place because of the construction of Sanmenxia Reservoir.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
Yongle Palace is the largest existing Taoist temple in China. It was built in the early Yuan Dynasty to commemorate Lv Dongbin and is one of the three ancestral halls of Quanzhen Taoism. The most famous art of Yongle Palace is mural art. The murals in Yongle Palace can be called a wonderful flower of ancient Chinese murals, a huge system in the history of world painting, with extremely high artistic value.
▲ Wuji Temple, also known as Sanqing Hall, is where the most beautiful murals are. Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
The mural in the Sanqing Hall is called "Chaoyuan Picture", which mainly depicts the scene of the Taoist gods worshipping the Yuanshi Heavenly Monastery.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
All the figures are nearly 300, centered on 8 main figures 3 meters high, and the other figures are arranged in the form of symmetrical guards of honor. The main figure in the painting is solemn and solemn, and the group figures stand in a ring. The image is plump and round, and all of them are in good spirits, without any similarity.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
The Guangren King Temple is not far from Yongle Palace, which is commonly known as the Five Dragon Temple, Guangren King Temple is commonly known as the Five Dragon Temple. It is a Dragon King Temple used by the people to pray for rain. Guangren King is one of the Dragon Kings, the Green Dragon God.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
The main hall sits from north to south, with single eaves resting on the top of the mountain. It was built for the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty, It is one of the only three semi complete large wooden buildings of the Tang Dynasty in China, There are no columns in the hall, and all the beams are exposed. The whole building structure is simple, simple and vigorous, showing the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty.
Figure/Qiyouer Yixiu Mama_tallzq
When Yuncheng people report their families outside, Guan Gong is often the topic of conversation.
Guan Yu was a famous general of the Shu Han Dynasty at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was widely respected by the people because of his loyalty and integrity, and was honored as the "Sage of Martial Arts" by later generations. He was as famous as the "Sage of Literature" Confucius. Wu temples were built all over the country, and even there were "Confucian temples in counties, and Wu temples in villages".
The Temple of Guandi in Jiezhou, located in Guan Yu's hometown, is the ancestor of the martial temples in the world. The Temple of Guandi in Jiezhou was built in the Sui Dynasty and has been repaired in all previous dynasties.
▲ "Guansheng Cultural Buildings" has been included in the preliminary list of China's world cultural heritage. Figure/ Travel to Biu, master Lu Ma
There are more than 100 halls in the whole temple, with clear priorities and strict layout.
Figure/Lu Mark, the main tourist in Biu
The Guandi Temple is divided into two parts: the south of the street is called Jieyi Garden, and the north of the street is Zhengmiao. The main temple faces south from the north. The main axis is divided into two parts: the front courtyard and the back palace. The back palace is centered on the "Qi Su Qianqiu" square and the Spring and Autumn Tower.
Figure/Kama Yang, the master of poor travel in Biu
Guan Yu can be regarded as the most popular figure in the feudal history of China, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, the three major religions in China, all listed him as a figure of their own religion. Guan Yu also Therefore, it has become the intersection of Chinese religious culture, which is also a very unique and interesting cultural phenomenon.
Figure/Poor Tour Biu Master Kama-Yang
As one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, Sanjin has a long history, a galaxy of talents, rich historical and cultural heritage, and unique geographical location, which also endows her with the beauty of mountains and rivers.
Every time I come to this land, I can always find treasure.
The number of ancient buildings in Shanxi ranks first in China, with Yuncheng accounting for nearly one fifth.
▲ Yuncheng Boating Zen Master Pagoda, built in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the well preserved pavilions style famous pagodas in China. Figure/Poor Tour Biu Master Fat mama
It is said that the 5000 year civilization looks at Shanxi, what does it look at?
What we see is the immortal mark left by the five thousand year history of China on this land.
