Original title: "Improved seeds+fertile fields", playing the prelude of wheat harvest

Zhao Qianqian, reporter of Farmer Daily and China Rural Network

The wind blows the Central Plains, the wheat waves roll, and the fertile fields are thousands of miles away. In late May, more than 85 million mu of wheat in Henan Province were harvested from south to north. "The wheat will be harvested here by the beginning of June. This year's wheat has good plumpness, compact plant type, good lodging resistance and good field performance." In the National Biological Breeding Industry Innovation Center Base located in Xinxiang Plain Urban Rural Integration Demonstration Zone, 3500 mu of 100 varieties of wheat have entered the late filling stage, said Wang Zhenyun, a staff member of the base, This year's wheat is growing better than usual.

Good seed and good grain. Clarifying the main direction of breeding and accelerating the breeding of varieties with wide adaptability are the key to improving wheat yield per unit area. The Huang Huai Hai region is an important grain producing area in China. Wheat varieties are famous for their high yield, high quality, strong comprehensive resistance, and even population. Lei Zhensheng, chief expert of wheat industry technology system in Henan Province, introduced that with the support of molecular biology breeding laboratory, intelligent greenhouse and other scientific research facilities, the National Biological Breeding Industry Innovation Center has made high-level research achievements in recent years. The research on core technology of wheat breeding is at the leading level in China. 37 new crop varieties have passed the examination and approval, and a total of 150 million mu have been promoted. The wheat varieties "Zhengmai 1860" and "Zhengmai 379" will be selected as the leading varieties of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2023.

"The wheat varieties displayed here this year, such as' Zheng Mai 136 ',' Xin Mai 26 'and' Bai Nong 307 ', have the characteristics of high yield, high quality, lodging resistance, disease resistance, etc., with a large promotion area and good planting effect." Sun Wenxin, the person in charge of the demonstration field, introduced that in view of the problems such as the large number of wheat varieties, the difficulty of selecting planting households, and the slow promotion of new varieties, The National Biological Breeding Industry Innovation Center Base, in combination with enterprises, scientific research, promotion system and other forces, has strengthened variety screening, held many variety demonstration and observation activities, and demonstrated and promoted new wheat varieties with high and stable yield and multi resistance. "In the future, we will further speed up the promotion and updating of wheat varieties, optimize variety innovation, and help improve wheat yield in a large area," said Sun Wenxin.

Good land can produce better grain. Perfect farmland infrastructure and good planting and production conditions are essential key factors for improving wheat yield in large areas. "Click a little on your mobile phone, and the field will be watered. When you water or inject medicine, your mobile phone can also receive reminders, and you can see the growth of wheat when you are not in the field, which was unimaginable in the past. Now farming is becoming more and more intelligent!" Shen Jifeng, a large land circulation household in Xihejiao Village, Yuanwu Town, Xinxiang City, sighed with emotion.

"Through the construction of high standard farmland, the quality of cultivated land has been significantly improved. More than 900 wells have been newly built and equipped. There are 810 sets of intelligent water fertilizer integrated machines, 491 sets of reel sprinkler irrigation machines, and 672.9 kilometers of buried pipelines have been laid. The irrigation and drainage facilities of farmland have been basically improved." Zheng Xiaofan, head of the Modern Agriculture Section of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Xinxiang Plain Urban Rural Integration Demonstration Area, The center dynamically monitors the soil moisture, pests and diseases, and the field meteorological environment through the comprehensive monitoring system of agricultural conditions. It finds out early and disposes accurately, improving the efficiency of farmland management.

"Translational, pointer, reel, automatic telescopic, semi-automatic telescopic, fixed, semi fixed, micro spray tape... a variety of irrigation equipment, farmers can choose the appropriate irrigation method according to the growth status of wheat and the actual situation of soil." Zheng Xiaofan said that the intelligent water fertilizer integrated machine can now achieve efficient water saving and full coverage, changing the previous form of "one bombardment", Appropriate amount of fertilizer and irrigation by stages can meet the growth needs of wheat at different stages.

"By applying new technologies, new equipment and new varieties to production, we have achieved cost saving and efficiency increase. Take the 600 mu of wheat I planted this year, for example, the production cost per mu is 600 yuan, which can save 50 to 60 yuan than before. It is expected that the output will also increase this year, which will save more than 200 yuan per mu." Shen Jifeng told reporters that if I accept the trust entrustment, A service fee of 60 yuan can be obtained per mu every year.

It is reported that the construction project of high standard farmland demonstration area in Xinxiang Plain Demonstration Area involves 5 townships and 64 administrative villages, with a total area of 108900 mu and a total investment of 446 million yuan. It mainly constructs seven projects, including farmland fertility improvement, farmland roads, farmland irrigation, and farmland drainage. "At present, we have made good preparations for wheat harvesting, and put in various agricultural machinery such as harvesters and seeders to ensure that wheat is harvested in time, grains are returned to the warehouse, and the production of 'three summers' is fully guaranteed," said Zheng Xiaofan.