Original title: Le Health | For the new crown KP.2 mutant, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention released information; Latest Interpretation of Zhang Wenhong
Worker's Daily - Ji Wei, reporter of China Industrial Network
From a global perspective, a new crown mutant named KP.2 is spreading. Since February, as the proportion of KP.2 in the global epidemic virus strains has increased rapidly, the World Health Organization listed KP.2 as "variant strains to be monitored" on May 3.
According to the relevant information of the new coronavirus KP.2 variant released by the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention on May 14, 25 KP.2 sequences have been detected in Chinese native cases as of May 12. KP.2 accounts for 0.05%~0.30% of the local series reported every week, which is at a very low level.
According to the State Administration for Disease Control and Prevention, the top three prevalent strains in China at this stage are JN. 1, JN. 1.16 and JN. 1.4. On March 11, the KP.2 variant was first detected from the local cases in Guangdong.
New coronal KP.2 mutant is less likely to cause new infection peak in a short time
On May 14, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention released a popular science question and answer on health of the new coronavirus KP.2 variant. According to the question and answer, experts believe that the current proportion of KP.2 sub branch infection cases in China's local cases is extremely low, and the possibility of becoming a dominant epidemic strain in China in the short term and causing a new infection peak is low.
What is the KP.2 variant?
KP.2 is the third generation sub branch of COVID-19 Omikjon JN. 1 mutant, and also a sub branch of JN. 1 mutant with strong transmission advantages. It was first detected in samples collected in India on January 2, 2024. Since February, as the proportion of KP.2 in the global epidemic virus strains has increased rapidly, the World Health Organization listed KP.2 as "variant strains to be monitored" on May 3. Up to now, no report has been retrieved that the pathogenicity and immune escape ability of KP.2 have changed significantly compared with the prevailing JN. 1 mutant strain.
What is the international prevalence of the KP.2 variant?
At present, the JN. 1 mutant is still the dominant epidemic strain in the world. Since this year, the proportion of KP.2 sub branch in the global epidemic strains has gradually increased, from 0.16% in the first ten days of January to about 14% in the first ten days of May. Recently, the prevalence of KP.2 sub branch in some countries is relatively high, accounting for 10%~30%.
Has KP.2 mutant become popular in China?
The top three prevalent strains in China at this stage are JN.1, JN1.16 and JN.1.4. On March 11, the KP.2 variant was first detected from the local cases in Guangdong. As of May 12, 25 KP.2 sequences have been detected in Chinese native cases. KP.2 accounts for 0.05%~0.30% of the local series reported every week, which is at a very low level.
Does the KP.2 mutant spread faster?
Two of the new mutation sites in KP.2 are located in S protein, suggesting that they have stronger transmission power. However, KP.2 is still a sub branch of the JN. 1 mutant. Existing studies believe that its transmission advantage will not be significantly improved compared with other sub branches of the JN. 1 mutant. Experts believe that, considering the current low proportion of KP.2 sub branch infection cases in China's local cases, and the previous epidemic situation caused by JN. 1 in China has been reduced to a lower level, KP.2 sub branch is less likely to become a dominant epidemic strain in China in the short term, and it is less likely to cause a new infection peak.
How to prevent KP.2 variant infection?
As with the prevention of infection of other Omikjon mutants, it is recommended that the public continue to maintain good personal hygiene habits, scientifically wear masks, adhere to regular work and rest, ensure healthy diet, and improve the immunity of the body.
Latest Interpretation of Zhang Wenhong
The COVID-19 is in continuous variation, but it is still difficult to break through the Omikjon family. Just as influenza viruses continue to mutate, mutation is the normal state for viruses to survive under the host's immune pressure.
The National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, in conjunction with data from 79 hospitals nationwide, monitored the platform to confirm the variation and fluctuation of the new coronavirus strain. From November 2022 to early April 2023, BA. 5.2 and BF. 7 will be the main types. Since early April 2023, XBB typing will gradually increase. From July 2023, XBB typing will be the main type of clinical samples, and EG. 5 will grow rapidly. FY.3.1 and FL.13.2 will be newly found in the first ten days of August. Among the "Variables Of Interest (VOI)" mentioned by WHO, XBB. 1.16 is more detected (including FU. 1), and "Variables under monitoring", In VUMs), XBB. 1.9.2 and its subtypes will account for more in the second half of 2023. The offspring of EG. 5.1 will be detected in late August, and the offspring of EG. 5.1.1 will be detected in early September, and the proportion of HK. 3 will gradually increase from September to December. In late October, the descendants of HK. 3, HK. 3.1 and HK. 3.2, appeared. JN. 1 will appear in January 2024, and more than 70% will be detected from January to March. JN. 1.1 and JN. 6 will appear. As of April 30, JN. 1 will still be detected.
The National Transmission Center also tested the underground sewage, and the monitoring of the concentration of neocoronal nucleic acid in the sewage showed that there was a peak of neocoronal nucleic acid around January 10, 2024, and then reached the peak plateau period of infection. Since March 27, there has been a downward trend, which has remained at the level of 3 × 104 copies/L since the middle of April, and the concentration of the last sampling on May 13 was 2.95 × 104 copies/L. And it has a further downward trend, and this value is similar to the interval concentration of the second and third rounds of infection peak.
During this period, the burden of clinical diseases of the new crown throughout the country did not fluctuate significantly, and was still in a normal fluctuation.
The current monitoring data suggest that the new coronavirus currently prevalent in China is still dominated by Omikjon JN. 1, while the current international epidemic has focused on the progeny subtype KP. 2 of JN. 1. As of May 12, 25 KP. 2 sequences have been monitored in China's local cases. KP.2 accounts for 0.05%~0.30% of the local series reported every week, which is still at a very low level. Although this subtype still has the possibility of increasing its proportion in the future, although it has been detected internationally since March this year, the CDC monitoring in the United States indicated that the proportion of KP.2 had risen to 28.2% as of May 11, there was no obvious increase in the number of emergency visits, inpatients and deaths, so it can be judged that the actual clinical risk of KP.2 follow-up is limited.
In the future, we will still strengthen the monitoring of COVID-19 and other respiratory pathogens, and the emergence of new virus subtypes will be normal, so there is no need to worry too much. (National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, WeChat official account of "Huashan Infection")
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Worker's Daily Client Le Health, Issue 478
