Urban public transportation is mass transportation, which serves the public and is a people-oriented transportation system; Public transportation is also green transportation. It provides services with the lowest energy consumption and the smallest environmental pollution. It is a sustainable transportation system. As an important branch of urban public transport system, taxi plays an important role in urban transport. In the future, taxis will be electronic, intelligent, networked, energy saving and environmental protection.
A reasonable scale of transport capacity is the basis for the healthy and stable development of the taxi industry. When the taxi transport capacity is too high, it will exacerbate urban congestion, resulting in high empty driving rate, leading to operational difficulties and increasing social instability risks; When the taxi capacity is too low, it can not meet the travel demand of residents, reducing the passenger service level.
Passenger's helplessness
With the expansion of the urban area and population, the supply of taxis is in short supply, and the "difficulty of taking a taxi" has followed. The sustainability of the taxi industry is also tested by the problems of refusing to carry passengers, repeatedly carrying passengers, picking passengers, not calling a meter, detours, and the emergence of illegal cars and motorcycles.
Worries of taxi drivers
Unsafe and nonstandard have become the hard wound of Heimo. The taxi hailing software that gradually began to emerge two or three years ago made passengers exclaim that taxi hailing could be so beautiful! Book a car at home and go downstairs! At first, the taxi software was convenient and there were subsidies. Some taxi drivers felt that it was pretty good. However, the subsidy of mobile taxi software for drivers is gradually reduced, and the subsidy for special cars is increasing. With the rise of special cars, it is more and more difficult to earn money by driving taxis, and taxi drivers are under increasing pressure to survive.
Scope and method of investigation and analysis
Interview and analysis on taxi questionnaire
1. Basic information of taxi drivers
3. Taxi driver income (Average monthly income of drivers and its proportion in family income)
5. Taxi driver operating cost (Monthly rental fee, fuel cost, maintenance cost)
7. Types of guarantee taxi drivers hope to get
9. Taxi fixed point monitoring and analysis
2. Taxi driver's service life
4. Operation of taxi drivers (Daily working hours, operating kilometers, number of passengers, number of carpools, average number of passengers per time, proportion of operating days in the number of days in the whole year, and operating no-load rate)
6. Taxi number saturation
8. Taxi drivers' suggestions on local public transport capacity
Survey and analysis of social consultation in a county
Resident travel survey
1. Number of trips per week
2. Common vehicles
3. Weekly travel frequency by public transport
4. Frequency of taking taxi every week
5. Frequency of taking "black taxi"/motorcycle every week |
Travel distance of residents
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Waiting time of residents
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Residents encounter load rejection and carpooling problems when traveling
1. Whether the problem of load rejection is prominent
2. The problem of carpooling is more prominent. The highest proportion of carpooling is 49.6% for 1-2 times, followed by 31.6% for 3-4 times. |
Residents' demand for taxis
1. Proportion of daily travel
2. Meet travel requirements by adding taxis |
Residents' suggestions on the development of taxi market in a county
1. Improve the quality of taxi drivers and strengthen their training.
2. Regulate market order.
3. Change the problem of arbitrary fees and carpooling. For example, there are many behaviors such as carpooling, random charging, and no meter reading.
4. Adjust the starting price. The list price is expensive, so it is recommended to lower the starting price. |
Interview and summary for the government
At present, transportation departments around the country are waiting for the introduction of the national taxi management measures. At this stage, the government is waiting to see. Transportation departments around the country need to formulate detailed rules for taxi reform by November 2016, coordinate the demands of all parties, focus on sorting out the existing local taxi laws and regulations and relevant management policies, and put forward suggestions for modification and improvement, Revise in advance as soon as possible according to the procedure.
The newly issued Guiding Opinions have clarified a series of reform ideas such as "free use" and "period limit" of management rights. The new policy will gradually solve the problems accumulated in the taxi industry for a long time. It is very important to improve the benefit distribution system, better build enterprise drivers' operational risk sharing and reasonable benefit distribution. There is no need for high commitment and quota (share money), so that the interests of all parties can be reasonably distributed according to the operation situation.
Benchmarking research
Mainly from the following three aspects:
Transport capacity evaluation and analysis
In order to reasonably allocate the scale of urban taxi transport capacity and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the taxi industry, the Chinese Academy of Mechanical Engineering, combining years of research and consulting experience, now provides the following three services for the taxi industry:
1. Reference Scheme for Decision making of Government Taxi Launch
2. Investigation, Research, Analysis and Prospect Forecast of Taxi Industry in Cities and Counties
3. Research on Evaluation and Optimization of City and County Taxi Industry Capacity Scale
Review of important taxi policies
- The Ministry of Transport announced the newly revised Regulations on the Administration of Taxi Drivers' Employment Qualifications (Order No. 63 of the Ministry of Transport in 2016) and Regulations on the Administration of Cruise Taxi Operation Services (Order No. 64 of the Ministry of Transport in 2016).
- The Ministry of Transport, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and the State Cyberspace Office, jointly issued the Interim Measures for the Management of Online Taxi Booking Business Services (Order No. 60 of the Ministry of Transport in 2016), which will be officially implemented on November 1, 2016.
- The General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Deepening Reform and Promoting the Healthy Development of the Taxi Industry (GBF [2016] No. 58).
- Regulations on Taxi Operation and Service Management (Order No. 16, 2014 of the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China) promulgated by the Ministry of Transport.
- The Ministry of Construction issued a notice on further standardizing the management of the taxi industry.
- The General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Measures for the Supervision and Examination of Passenger Taxi Operation Pricing Costs (Trial) (Draft for Comments) to meet the needs of the government price authorities in formulating passenger taxi operation prices and improve the scientificity and rationality of government pricing.
- The State Council approved the Request for Instructions on the Establishment of the National Inter ministerial Joint Conference on Taxi Cleaning and Rectification (JC [2005] No. 212).
- Circular of the General Office of the State Council on Further Regulating the Administration of the Taxi Industry (GBF [2004] No. 81).
New Rules for Online Taxi Booking
The Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Promoting the Healthy Development of the Taxi Industry and the Interim Measures for the Management of Online Booking Taxi Business Services released on July 28 comprehensively proposed the goals, tasks and major measures to deepen the reform of the taxi industry
Three focuses of taxi reform
Senior leaders' attention to the taxi industry
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Li Xiaopeng, Minister of Transport Li Xiaopeng will face many major tasks: promoting the construction of comprehensive transportation service system, developing modern logistics industry, promoting logistics channels, building a maritime power, etc. [Details]
Yang Chuantang, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Transport "We hope to further deepen the reform of the taxi industry, standardize the management of online car hailing, give priority to the development of public transport, and build a diversified travel service system." [Details]
Liu Zhao, Director of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security The Interim Measures set strict access conditions for online car hailing drivers to maximize public safety, ensure road traffic safety and passenger travel safety, and provide safe and reliable services for public travel. [Details]
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Liu Xiaoming, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Transport For the taxi industry, the urban people's government should bear the main responsibility. At the national level, it is more of a directional, top-level design. Therefore, in this process, the main responsibility of the urban people's government for taxi management should be further clarified. [Details]
Li Shufu, member of the CPPCC National Committee and chairman of Geely Group "The taxi industry urgently needs to carry out institutional reform to break the 'ice' of interest solidification. The direction of reform should be to break the monopoly and completely return the allocation of the number of taxis to the market." [Details]
Guo Jifu, Director of Beijing Transportation Development Research Center Guo Jifu: As an important supplement to urban public transport, taxi has a very special transport service function, which is very necessary for some special groups in our city. [Details]
Our suggestions on taxi investment in urban construction
