Planning of prefabricated building industrial park _ prefabricated building development planning _ prefabricated building industrial base declaration _ prefabricated building demonstration city declaration - planning network of China Academy of Mechanical Engineering

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Chongqing prefabricated rural housing construction pilot project began to apply for subsidies of 200 to 500 yuan/m2

Last year, Guiyang started 88 prefabricated construction projects

Anhui Province Vigorously develops green building prefabricated buildings

Preferential Loan for Green Building Development Regulations of Shanxi Province

Implemented on December 1! Henan issued two technical standards for construction safety

Preface to prefabricated buildings

With the development of modern industrial technology, building houses can be manufactured in batches and complete sets like machine production. As long as the prefabricated building components are transported to the construction site and assembled.
　 The prefabricated building began to arouse people's interest in the early 20th century, and finally came true in the 1960s. Britain, France, the Soviet Union and other countries made the first attempt. Because of its fast construction speed and low production cost, prefabricated buildings are rapidly popularized around the world.
　 From the perspective of industrialization, the market potential of prefabricated buildings in China is not low, but the breakthrough of the bottleneck of industrial development still depends on the qualitative change of cost and mode.
Market space: prefabricated buildings have growth potential. In 2015, the newly constructed prefabricated building area in China was between 35 million and 45 million square meters, accounting for 3% of the newly constructed housing area. In the next few years, China's newly built building area is expected to remain above 1 billion square meters. If the policy goal of 30% in 2020 can be reached, China's prefabricated building industry is expected to have nearly 10 times the growth space.

Development background of prefabricated buildings

National policy (national level requires the development of building industrialization)
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to develop "new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization", the state has repeatedly proposed the policy requirements for the development of prefabricated buildings. Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Fujian and other provinces and cities also issued specific implementation opinions. After entering 2016, the policy direction is more obvious:
On February 6, 2016, Several Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Strengthening the Management of Urban Planning and Construction ， It is required to "actively promote the application of new green building materials, prefabricated buildings and steel structure buildings, and strive to make prefabricated buildings account for 30% of new buildings in about 10 years!" 。
Officially issued by the State Council on September 27, 2016 Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Developing Fabricated Buildings It is clearly pointed out that China should vigorously develop prefabricated buildings.

On November 19, 2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development held a national on-site meeting on prefabricated buildings in Shanghai.

At the meeting, the great significance of developing prefabricated buildings was emphasized again:
First, implement Green development concept Needs;

Second, realize Building modernization Needs;

Third, guarantee construction quality Needs;

Fourth, shorten construction cycle Needs;

Fifth, it can hasten the birth New industries And related service industries.

The situation shows that vigorously developing prefabricated buildings has become a national strategy to promote social and economic development.

Difficulties and problems faced by prefabricated buildings

The prefabricated building is a revolution in the construction industry and a complete change in the mode of production, which will inevitably bring about changes in productivity and production relations. We need to integrate modern science and technology and modern management to adapt to this change. Although the market potential of prefabricated buildings in China is huge, the current development situation cannot be blindly optimistic because of the weak work foundation. There are six main challenges:

The development path of prefabricated buildings: "three integrations"

1、 Requirements for systematic assembly: integration of architecture, structure, electromechanical and decoration
1. Integrated systematic assembly thinking
A system is an organic whole with specific functions, which is composed of several components that interact and depend on each other, and the system itself is a component of a larger system to which it belongs ——Qian Xuesen.
The prefabricated building is composed of four subsystems: architecture, structure, electromechanical and decoration. They are not only a complete and independent subsystem, but also a larger system, which is a construction project. The four subsystems exist independently and are subordinate to the large building system. Each subsystem is fabricated, and the entire large system is also fabricated.
2. Integrated and systematic assembly features -- building, structure, electromechanical, decoration design coordination
The prefabricated building project itself is systematic. According to the requirements of systematic assembly, all disciplines can cooperate in design to form a whole. The disciplines of architecture, structure, electromechanical and decoration can cooperate with each other and can also cooperate with each other.

2、 Requirements for industrial production: integration of design, processing and assembly

1. It is necessary to research, develop and optimize the standardized design, which is conducive to the automation and large-scale processing of the factory
Only standardized design products are suitable for industrial mass production. Therefore, it is necessary to study design standardization and design a series of standardized components and parts that are mechanized, automatic and large-scale. The corresponding processing machines and equipment are also standardized and can be mass produced, thus reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.

2. It is necessary to develop and optimize the design of connection nodes, which is conducive to simple and efficient assembly on site
Research, develop and design a new fabricated structural system. According to the production processing method and on-site assembly method, establish a new fabricated structural system with "prefabricated assembly" as the core, which is different from the traditional "equivalent cast-in-place", so as to meet the requirements of the industrialized production of prefabricated buildings and completely change the production and organization mode of the construction industry. R&D and design the connection node for efficient installation. According to the production and processing mode, field operation conditions, tooling system, assembly method and assembly method, R&D and innovation of the node design for easy connection on the site can be simple, fast and efficient connection on the site.

3. It is necessary to research and develop the key technology of automatic machining that can optimize the design of components

In view of the optimization design of rebar for mechanized operation of Li Er, research the unmatched rebar machining equipment, make reasonable layout, form an assembly line, break through the bottleneck of single machine production, numerous rebar binding workers and low efficiency, and build an automatic processing production line for the linkage of rebar production equipment system.
For a series of standardized design components, strengthen the research on the design technology of the processing technology production line, and form a flow production line with PC line and rebar line system connected; Strengthen the R&D and application of robots and manipulators in the automated production line of PC factory, and form a complete technical system for automated production of typical component systems; Strengthen the research on automatic and standardized production management technology of the factory, and form an advanced process management technology that does not cooperate with component design and assembly; Save labor, improve efficiency and improve quality.

4. To speed up the research and development of BIM information technology for prefabricated buildings
(1) To strengthen the research of BIM information management platform for the whole process of design processing assembly of prefabricated buildings
(2) Strengthen the research of CAM factory informatization production and processing technology based on BIM
(3) Strengthen the research on 5D-BIM informatization assembly management technology based on the whole industry chain

3、 Requirements of industrialization development: integration of technology, management and market
         1. EPC five in one management mode is conducive to improving the integration capability of the whole industrial chain technology system
The EPC project general management mode starts from the design stage when the general contractor of the project is involved. Beneficial 2 gives full play to the advantages of the integrated technology of building industrialization. Beneficial 2 takes the design as the main line to get through the "two integrations" in the project construction process, and realizes the design party, production and processing party The on-site packaging formula is highly integrated with the entire industry chain.
         2. The development of marketization is inseparable from the innovation of technical system
The existing prefabricated building system of KiII can improve the comfort, advancement and fashion of building products, create high-end prefabricated building products, and enhance market recognition through the coupling innovation of green building, passive building, energy-saving building, intelligent building and other technologies.
        3. The innovation of management mode is inseparable from the synergy of market mechanism
         4. The cultivation of market environment also needs the support of government policies

Assembled construction industry chain

Assembled construction industry chain: integration requirements are high, and it is difficult for internal and external entities to cooperate. The prefabricated construction industry chain includes three internal entities: real estate enterprises, prefabricated component processing enterprises and construction enterprises, and two external entities: government and technology research institutions. Among them, the government is at the core, and through incentive measures, the government effectively promotes the real estate enterprises as the source of the industrial chain to develop more prefabricated buildings. The difference between the whole operation process and traditional buildings is that it requires the high cooperation of all participants.
First, the design institute models according to the current prefabricated building design standards, then the building materials manufacturers provide raw materials according to the design requirements of the building products, and the prefabricated component processing plant inputs raw materials according to the component model provided by the design institute to produce prefabricated components in a large-scale way in a factory, The logistics company is entrusted in the middle to transport the prefabricated components according to the on-site construction progress and the progress of the prefabricated components produced by the prefabricated components factory. The construction enterprise completes the construction of the building by completing the assembly of the on-site prefabricated components through a highly mechanized construction process. Finally, the professional service team improves the sales and operation management of the products. Through the above workflow, the design, production, transportation, construction, sales and service links form an organic whole.

Data analysis of construction industrialization

With the gradual improvement of relevant standards and national policies, and the gradual transformation of the business model of real estate enterprises, the construction industrialization will reshape the information of the construction industry, and the development of China's construction industry will move towards a more mature road of industrial modernization.

Analysis of China's prefabricated building market size in 2017 and forecast of its development trend

In 2011, the market size of China's prefabricated construction industry was 2.88 billion yuan, and it reached 336.3 billion yuan in 2016, with an extremely rapid growth rate. The following chart compares the market size of China, Japan, the United States and the world:

During the 12th Five Year Plan period, more than 10 provincial governments were established More than 30 provincial or municipal governments have issued guidance and supporting administrative measures to promote the development of prefabricated buildings Policy exploration has been carried out in support, finished housing and project pilot projects.
During the "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period, there were 13 comprehensive pilot cities (including two industrial parks) for the modernization of the construction (residential) industry in China, and 57 enterprises in assembly construction bases were cultivated. The prefabricated building area completed by pilot cities and base enterprises accounts for more than 85% of the national total, which provides policy and project support for the development of prefabricated buildings, cultivates the market, promotes the formation and agglomeration of the industrial chain, and plays a good exemplary and leading role.

Some cases of the prefabricated building planning of the Chinese Academy of Mechanical Engineering

Development Planning of Maoming Green Building Industrial Park

Harbin Green Building Industry Integration Technology Innovation Base

Overall Planning of Shandong Jining New Building Materials Industrial Park Project

Tianshui Assembly Building Industrialization Plan (2017-2025)

Planning Scheme of Steel Structure Assembled Green Building Industrial Park in Xiqing District, Tianjin

Steel structure building design of A workshop of Hebei Jiande Integrated Building Industry Demonstration Park Phase 1

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