Shaanxi Beech Planting Base

Male flowers have very short stalks, about 3 mm in diameter, perianth split to the middle, perianth lobes 6-7, unequal in size, outside covered with fine hairs, degenerate ovary absent; Female flowers are nearly sessile, with a diameter of about 1.5 mm. Perianth segments are 4~- 5, with fine hairs outside and ovary. Drupe, upper oblique, concave, about 4 mm in diameter, with dorsal and ventral ridges, net ribs obvious, glabrous, with persistent perianth. Flowering in April and fruiting in October.

It is distributed in China, Japan and Korea. In China, it is distributed in Liaoning (Dalian), Shaanxi (Qinling Mountains), Gansu (Qinling Mountains), Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong. It is born in the river valley and stream side sparse forest, with an altitude of 500-1 900 meters. It is often cultivated in East China and grows well in humid and fertile soil.
Seed collection and mother tree selection: select strong mother trees with more fruits and plump seeds according to the purpose of selection. For the cultivation of timber forest, the parent tree shall be compact, tall, straight trunk, high under branches, vigorous and free from diseases and pests. To cultivate garden greening varieties, the parent tree should have broad crown, plump tree body, rich seasonal changes in leaf color, and long leaf color period; Discoloration occurs early. For potted ornamental type, the parent tree shall be short and strange in shape.
Density control: after two years of planting, seedlings should be taken up and transplanted in alternate rows. Through the separation of seedlings and density control, the growth space of seedlings should be expanded. The spacing between plants should be adjusted to 100cm × 200cm (5000 plants/hm2) or 100cm × 150cm (6700 plants/hm2). During the transplantation process, attention should be paid to the moisture preservation of seedlings. Later, the density will be dynamically adjusted every year according to the site conditions and cultivation objectives (market specification requirements). The row spacing of seedlings aged 3 years is adjusted to 200cm × 200cm (2500 plants/hm2) or 200cm × 300cm (1700 plants/hm2); Five year old seedlings should be adjusted to 200cm × 400cm (1200 plants/hm2), 200cm × 300cm (1700 plants/hm2); seven year old seedlings should be adjusted to 400cm × 400cm (600 plants/hm2), 400cm × 600cm (400 plants/hm2). Through reasonable density control, ensure the good development of trees, cultivate good tree shape, and improve the application quality of green seedlings.
It can resist early waterlogging. Although the beech can adapt to a certain dry climate, it still needs to adapt to a humid climate. In case of continuous drought, timely watering and irrigation shall be carried out to prevent seedlings from dying due to water loss. In rainy season, timely drainage shall be carried out to reduce waterlogging. Too high groundwater level and too much water in soil will have serious adverse effects on beech trees. Reasonable fertilization, the cultivation of beech seedlings needs to be timely fertilization in the fast-growing season. The principle of fertilization is: at the initial stage of seedling growth, select fertilizer; Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the middle growth stage (fast-growing stage); In the later stage, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will be applied to improve the wood quality of seedlings.
Disease and insect control, no serious disease of beech has been found. More than 20 kinds of insect pests have been found in the seedling stage, mainly including small tigers, aphids, geometrid, leaf borers, poisonous moths, pocket moths, scarabs, etc. For leaf eating pests, 80% dichlorvos 1000 times liquid, 90% trichlorfon 1200 times liquid or 2.5% trichlorfon 6000 times liquid and other insecticides can be sprayed for 1~2 times in time; For underground pests, small tigers must be irrigated or baited.