Lapping is an important machining method in ultra precision machining. its advantages are high machining precision and wide range of materials. However, traditional lapping has some disadvantages, such as low processing efficiency, high processing cost, unstable processing accuracy and processing quality, which restricts the application of traditional lapping. This project solves most of the shortcomings of traditional grinding, improves the level of grinding technology, while ensuring the grinding precision and processing quality (reaching the nanometer level), it also significantly reduces the processing cost, improves the processing efficiency, makes the grinding technology further practical, is conducive to the promotion and application of grinding technology, and promotes China's precision machining technology The progress of advanced manufacturing technology will enhance China's competitiveness in the field of processing and manufacturing, especially for the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China. Advanced processing and manufacturing industry and optoelectronics industry are both characteristic industries and competitive industries in China, and are also key industries in China. Grinding technology plays an important role in the development of both industries. The nano efficient grinding technology developed in this project has obvious advantages in processing efficiency, processing cost, processing quality and processing precision, and has a good application prospect. The grinder developed by the project team using this new technology is a new high-speed grinder. Due to its advanced performance, the relevant grinder prototype has been applied in more than a dozen units in China, and has also been exported to Australia twice, which has been widely praised by users at home and abroad. This technology is only used in the processing of individual parts, and is not widely used. It should further improve the processing technology, optimize the grinding process parameters, and expand the scope of grinding; It is also necessary to improve the grinder, improve its performance, and improve its shape to make it practical and commercialized, so as to promote its application more widely. The market demand for grinders is very large, reaching tens of thousands, with an annual demand of thousands. The average cost of each grinder is 40000 yuan, the average price of each grinder is 80000 yuan, the average gross profit of each grinder is 40000 yuan, and the gross profit margin is 50%. According to the annual sales of 1000 sets, the annual output value is 80 million yuan, and the annual gross profit is 40 million yuan. This shows that the grinder developed in this project has a good market prospect. In order to better promote the application of the new grinder, it is necessary to conduct appropriate pilot test, combine with enterprises, establish corresponding production bases, and carry out batch production. At the same time, we should also use the enterprise's sales channels and means to increase publicity and expand the sales volume of new grinding.
The grinder is controlled by stepless speed regulation system, which can easily adjust the grinding speed suitable for grinding various parts. The closed loop feedback pressure control of electro pneumatic proportional valve is adopted, and the pressure device can be adjusted and controlled independently. The hanging wall is equipped with a slow lowering function to effectively prevent the breakage of thin and brittle workpieces. Through a time relay and a grinding counter, the grinding time and the number of grinding circles can be accurately set and controlled according to the processing requirements. The pressure mode can be adjusted during operation. When the grinding set time or lap speed is reached, the machine will automatically stop and give an alarm prompt, realizing semi-automatic operation. The grinding process has three stages, namely, the starting stage, the formal stage and the ending stage. The starting stage is the acceleration of the grinding tool, the formal stage is the constant speed rotation of the grinding tool, and the ending stage is the deceleration rotation of the grinding tool. Its feature is that in the beginning of the grinding process, the acceleration of the manually controlled grinding tool speed increases from zero to fast, When the grinding tool speed rises to half of the formal grinding speed, there is a inflection point in the acceleration change. The acceleration controlling the grinding tool speed decreases from the maximum value to the slow value until the grinding tool speed reaches the formal grinding speed, and the acceleration of the grinding tool speed drops to zero. Taking advantage of this characteristic of fixed abrasive grinding, the abrasive density distribution on the abrasive tool is designed reasonably according to the density distribution of the relative motion track between the workpiece abrasive tools, so that the abrasion of the abrasive tool in the grinding process does not affect the surface accuracy of the abrasive tool, thus significantly improving the surface accuracy of the workpiece, and avoiding the trouble of dressing the abrasive tool. In plane fixed abrasive grinding, the rotating motion of the grinding tool is the main motion, and the motion of the workpiece is the auxiliary motion. In most cases, the workpiece is floating on the grinding tool, and its motion law is unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the force on the workpiece in order to find out its force state and motion law. Taking the workpiece as the separation body of the whole grinding system, the differential equation of force balance of the workpiece is established, and the motion law of the workpiece can be obtained by solving the equation. The main machine of the grinder is driven by a speed regulating motor, equipped with a high-power deceleration system, which is soft start and soft stop, and runs smoothly. The upper and lower grinding plates, the sun wheel and the star wheel form a grinding movement in four directions and at a coordinated speed during processing, so as to achieve the efficient operation of simultaneous grinding of the upper and lower surfaces. The lower grinding plate can be lifted to facilitate the loading and unloading of workpieces. The pneumatic sun wheel direction changing device precisely controls the grinding accuracy and speed of both sides of the workpiece. The correction wheel is equipped with the machine to correct the parallel error of the upper and lower grinding plates. The lapping basket grinder inherits the characteristics of the basket grinder that the two processes of decentralized lapping are realized in one machine and one process. At the same time, it can also be used alone as a disperser (when the dispersing disk is in the working position and the grinding basket has not dropped). For the materials to be grinded, the function of first dispersing and then grinding can be realized (when the grinding basket is lowered to the working position, the materials can be grinded with high efficiency).