(1) Bidding. Bidding procurement refers to the act of the purchaser, according to the determined procurement requirements, proposing the conditions for bidding procurement projects and sending invitations for bids to potential suppliers or contractors. Bidding is the act of letting the bidding unit do its own thing. At this stage, the main steps experienced by the procurement agency are: determining the procurement agency and procurement needs, preparing bidding documents, determining the base price of bids, issuing procurement announcements or invitations for bids, conducting pre qualification of bids, notifying bidders to participate in bidding and sell their bids, organizing pre bid meetings, etc. These work are mainly organized by the procurement agency.
　　
(2) Bid. Bidding refers to the act that the bidder fills in the bidding documents according to the requirements of the bidding notice and delivers them to the procurement agency after receiving the bidding notice. At this stage, the work carried out by the bidder mainly includes: applying for bid qualification, purchasing bids, inspecting the site, handling bid bond, calculating bids, preparing and delivering bids, etc.
　　
(3) Bid opening. Bid opening is the act of the procurement agency to officially unseal and announce the bidder's bid documents at a predetermined time and place. The bid opening shall be organized by the procurement agency, but the Bidder's representative shall be invited to attend. At this stage, the procurement officer shall open the envelope of each bid one by one according to relevant requirements. After the bid opening, the bid opening organizer shall prepare a summary of the bid opening meeting.
　　
(4) Bid evaluation. Bid evaluation is the act of the purchasing agency to review and evaluate all bids according to the requirements of the bidding documents. Bid evaluation is a separate act of the purchaser, which is organized by the purchasing agency. At this stage, the buyer's work mainly includes: reviewing whether the tender documents conform to the requirements and relevant provisions of the bidding documents, organizing personnel to compare and evaluate all the tenders in a certain way, requiring the bidder to clarify some problems in several tenders selected at the preliminary evaluation stage, making final evaluation and writing the bid evaluation report. (5) Award. The award of the bid is also the award of the contract, which is the act of the procurement agency to decide the winning bidder. The award of the bid is a separate act of the procurement agency, but it shall be decided by the user agency or other The decision shall be made together. At this stage, the procurement agency needs to decide the winning bidder, notify the winning bidder that its bid has been accepted, find the letter of intent for award to the winning bidder, notify all unsuccessful bids, and return the bid guarantee to them.
　　
(6) Award of contract. The awarding of a contract is also known as signing a contract, because in fact it is the act of the bid inviter awarding the contract to the winning bidder and signing it by both parties. At this stage, both parties usually confirm the contents of the bid and sign a formal contract based on the bid. In order to guarantee the performance of the contract, after signing the contract, the winning supplier or contractor shall also submit a certain form of guarantee or bond to the purchaser or the owner.