The 23rd Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, 2018Winter Olympic Games, referred to as "Pyeongchang Winter Olympics", was held from February 9 to 25, 2018the republic of koreaIt was held in Pingchang County.This is the first time in Korean historyWinter Olympics。The Pyeongchang Olympic Games has 15 major events and 102 minor events.The opening and closing ceremonies of the Winter Olympics and most snow sports will be held in Pingchang County, while all ice sports will be held inGangneung , downhill skiing competition will be held inJingshan Countyconduct.The Pyeongchang Olympic Organizing Committee has finally determined 2922 athletes from 92 countries and regions to participate in the Winter Olympic Games.There are 1680 male players and 1242 female players.[1]
On February 9, 2018, the opening ceremony of the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games was held in Pyeongchang.[2]On the evening of February 25, 2018, the Pingchang Winter Olympic Games came to an end.Norway and Germany tied for the first place with 14 gold medals.In the medal list, Norway ranked first in the total number of medals with 14 gold, 14 silver and 11 bronze medals, and broke the Winter Olympics record for the total number of medals;South Korea, the host country, ranked sixth with 17 medals, second only to the major ice and snow powers in Northern Europe and North America;China won 1 gold, 6 silver and 2 bronze, ranking 14th in the medal list.[3-4][26]
From February 16 to 19, 2011, the IOC evaluation committee members made a field visit to Pyeongchang.
On April 8, 2011, the presentation was made at the presentation of the cities bidding for the Winter Olympics held in London.
From May 18 to 19, 2011, the presentation was made at the "2018 Winter Olympics Candidate Cities Report" held by the headquarters of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Lausanne, Switzerland.
On July 6, 2011, the 123rd Session of the International Olympic Committee was held in South AfricaDurban Pingchang was voted as the host city of the 2018 Winter Olympic Games.[5]
On October 19, 2011, the Organizing Committee for the 2018 Pingchang Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games was established[6]。
Image ambassador
The image ambassador of the Pingchang Olympic Bid Committee isVancouver Winter Olympics 2010Women's figure skating gold medal winnerKim Yu na。On July 6, 2011, in the final presentation in each bid city, she impressed everyone present with her fluent English and sweet image.[7]
Voting results
On July 6, 2011, the 123rd Session of the International Olympic Committee held in Durban, South Africa, announced the host city of the 2018 Winter Olympics. Pyeongchang, South Korea, defeated two European cities, Munich, Germany and Annecy, France, with an absolute advantage of more than half of the votes in the first round, and became the host city of the 2018 Winter Olympics.
In 2011, after ten years of waiting and two defeats in Vancouver, Canada, and Sochi, Russia, in 2003, the dream of South Koreans to host the Winter Olympics finally came true.
At the moment when IOC President Rogge announced the results, Korean cheers rang out in the conference hall of Durban International Convention and Exhibition Center[7]。
After the announcement of the voting results of the host city of the 2018 Winter Olympics,Jacques Rogge On behalf of the International Olympic Committee, he signed agreements with the ROK Olympic Committee and the Pyeongchang Municipal Government to host the Winter Olympics.Chairman of Pingchang Olympic Bid CommitteeZhao LianghaoAfter the signing ceremony, he said: "In the process of bidding for the Olympic Games in the past 10 years, Pyeongchang has been listening and learning, and constantly improving its ability to host the Winter Olympic Games as promised to the international Olympic movement. Today, Pyeongchang's efforts and commitments have finally been rewarded, and this unremitting effort will continue until 2018, when Pyeongchang will host a successful Winter Olympic Games."[7]
Olympic bid evaluation
Pingchang Winter Olympic Games will be the successor1972 Sapporo Winter Olympic Gamesand1998 Nagano Winter Olympic GamesSince then, Asian countries have hosted this event for the third time.IOC membersHong Kong, ChinaJacques Rogge Huo ZhentingIt is believed that the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games will play a positive role in improving the winter sports level of the whole Asia.Affected by the climate environment and sports habits, compared with European and American countries, the overall level of winter sports in Asian countries is not high. Perhaps the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics is an opportunity to make winter sports more popular in Asia and usher in new development opportunities.[7]
event
Announce
edit
The Pyeongchang Winter Olympics has 15 events, including short track speed skating, figure skating, freestyle skiing, etc.Compared with four years agoSochi Winter Olympics Six events have been added to the four events of this event, namely, the snowboard ski jump (male/female), speed skating group start (male/female), mixed doubles curling and alpine skiing team competition. The largest number of women's and men's mixed events in previous Winter Olympics will be held.Therefore, the number of events set up in the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics reached 102, which is the first time that the number of gold medals exceeded 100 in the history of the Winter Olympics.[6][19]
According to the report of the Korea Modern Economic Research Institute, holding the Winter Olympics will bring 21.1 trillion won (about 18.7 billion US dollars) to the Korean economy, and the follow-up benefits in 10 years will reach 43.8 trillion won (about 38.9 billion US dollars).[8]
On the morning of October 19, 2011, the Organizing Committee for the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games held its inaugural meeting at the North Korea Hotel in Westin, Seoul. Jin Zhenju, the governor of Daodao Qianjiangyuan, was officially elected as the chairman of the Organizing Committee for the term of office ending in October 2013.He also served as the Executive Chairman of the Pingchang Organizing Committee.
Cui Wenxun, Governor of Jiangyuan Daodao, Cui Guangzhi, Director of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Park Yung sheng, President of the Korean Sports Association, Yin Shuo rong, President of the Korean Disabled Human Body Association, Kim Jae lie, President of the Korean Ice Sports League, and Wen Donghou, Secretary General of the Organizing Committee, were appointed as Vice Chairmen.13 people, including IOC member Wen Dacheng and figure skater Kim Yu Na, were appointed as executive members.Nine people, including Prime Minister Kim Hwang sik, member of the International Olympic Committee, Li Jianxi, president of Samsung Electronics, chairman of the Winter Olympics Bid Committee, and Zhao Lianghao, president of Hanjin Group, were appointed as consultants[9]。
Event culture
Announce
edit
The emblem of the Olympic Games
In May 2013, the Organizing Committee of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games determined the basic policies related to the development of the emblem.
In July 2013, professional enterprises with international qualifications and experience were selected through public bidding to start the development work.
In October 2013, the design raising activity was implemented for ordinary citizens.
On January 21, 2017, the IOC finally recognized the emblem of the Pingchang Olympic Games.The International Olympic Committee and the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics Organizing Committee have registered the trademark right of the Winter Olympics emblem with South Korea and other countries around the world.
In January 2018, the official of the 2018 Pingchang Winter OlympicsemblemOfficially released.The emblem of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games is completed by visualizing the consonants of the Korean word "Pyeongchang".The emblem of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games contains the meaning of the snow and ice in Pyeongchang, the Winter Olympic athletes and people from all over the world coming together to celebrate the festival.The colors of the emblem are the traditional colors of South Korea - five square colors (blue, red, yellow, white, black).[10]
On February 9, 2017 (Beijing time), 365 days before the opening ceremony of the Pingchang Winter Olympics, the Organizing Committee announced the theme slogan of the 2018 Pingchang Winter Olympics: "Passion Connected!"
Passion Connected - Passion, Peace, Prosperity and Harmonious World, which symbolizes the enthusiasm of people all over the world for winter sports. People of all ages actively participate in winter sports around the world, and open up a new world through continuous publicity and promotion[6]。
"Passion" means passion, love and vision. As the host of a worldwide celebration, Pyeongchang will inspire people and convey the warm feelings of South Korea.The slogan expresses the spirit of the Olympic Games and the warm feelings of South Korea."Connected" means to connect, combine and connect. Through South Korea's cutting-edge technology and integrated culture, Pyeongchang will become a space for people of all ages to participate.Slogans mean a new beginning, a harmonious world and a new world for the Winter Olympic Games[6]。
The mascots of the Winter Olympic Games and the Winter Paralympic Games are respectively the white tiger "Soohorang" and the Asian black bear "Bandabi".
The tiger symbolizes the geographical shape of the Korean Peninsula, especially the white tiger is considered as a sacred guardian animal.At the same time, the color of the white tiger also symbolizes ice and snow sports."Soohorang" is a name with multiple Korean meanings."Sooho" means "guard" in Korean, which means to protect athletes, spectators and all Olympic participants."Rang" is the middle word of "ho-rang-i (tiger)" in Korean, and also the last word of the traditional folk song "Jeongseon Arirang" in Jiangyuandao, where the host city is located.
On February 9, 2017, the celebration ceremony for the first anniversary of the countdown to the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games was held inJiangling Ice Hockey CenterThe Winter Olympics torch and torchbearers' clothing were announced.
[11]
Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Torch
The torch of the Pingchang Winter Olympic Games is mainly white and gold, 700 mm high, representing the altitude of 700 meters in Pingchang.When the torch is lit, the flame will burn in five directions, which is the symbol of "*" - Pingchang. The symbol is engraved on the lower half and around the top of the torch.
The design of the torchbearers' clothing combines the colors of the Olympic rings, and uses waterproof materials as well as cold resistance.[11]
On September 21, 2017, the medals of the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games were exposed, and the three-dimensional stripes covered the whole medal, with a strong sense of the times.The gold medal weighs 586g, the silver medal 580g, and the bronze medal 493g.Compared with the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, gold and silver medals are heavier and bronze medals are lighter[12]。
Torch relay
Announce
edit
On October 24, 2017, the flame collection ceremony of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games was successfully held in ancient Olympia, the birthplace of the Olympic Games on the Peloponnese Peninsula in Greece.Affected by the rain on that day, the reserved fire collected during rehearsal was selected for the ceremony.After the torch is lit, it will pass in Greece for about a week, and arrive at Incheon Airport on November 1, 2017. 7500 torchbearers will carry on the relay in South Korea for 101 days, until February 9, 2018, when the Winter Olympics opens.[13-15]
The opening ceremony
Announce
edit
overview
At 19:00 on February 9, 2018 Beijing time, the 2018 Winter Olympic Games officially opened in Pyeongchang, South Korea.The opening ceremony took "peace" as the theme. The joint entrance of the South Korean and North Korean delegations caused cheers from the audience. At the final ignition segment, South Korean national treasure athletesKim Yu naAfter receiving the torch from the players of the Korean ice hockey team, a solo dance on the ice ignited the Olympic flame.
Opening ceremony of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics
"Hand in Hand" classic reappearance dream 1988
Different from the previous opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics, the athletes of the Pingchang opening ceremony were admitted to the middle of the artistic performance, which was divided into two parts.
After the first stage of the performance, the athletes' delegation entered the stadium.The organizing committee specially selected 13 Korean pop music songs, which lasted for 60 years.Except《Hand in hand》Besides, Uncle Hongniao's《Gangnam Style》It is also among them.When the familiar "Jiangnan STYLE" melody sounded, the audience cheered and ushered in the first climax of the ceremony.
Zhou Yang enters China to welcome the second female flag bearer of the Winter Olympics
Different from the past practice, the delegation of the opening ceremony of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games did not enter the stadium in alphabetical order, but in Korean.Therefore, the Chinese delegation did not enter the arena at the front as usual, but was ranked 65th.Near 8 p.m. Beijing time on February 9, 2018,Zhou YangHolding a five-star red flag, he led the Chinese delegation to the stage.
This is Zhou Yang's third time to participate in the Winter Olympics. In the previous two Winter Olympics, this famous short track speed skater has won three gold medalsYang YangLater, China was the second female flag bearer of the Winter Olympics.
Attention attracted by the joint entrance of the DPRK and the ROK
At the end of the ceremony, the South Korean and North Korean delegations joined the ceremony.This time, the flag bearer of both sides was South Korean bobsled player Won Run Jung and ice hockey team member Huang Zhongqin from North Korea. When they entered the arena together with the joint delegation, the whole audience applauded.It is worth mentioning that South Korea and North Korea will also form a women's hockey team to participate in the competition.
The bell of peace plays the theme of the opening ceremony, and the four mythical beasts appear
In the first part of the performance, an ingenious short film became the beginning of tonight's opening ceremony. Many landmark buildings and places of interest in South Korea flashed on the big screen one by one. The Korean boy who played ice hockey strove hard to hit the famous Peace Bell in Linjin Pavilion in South Korea.
At this time, the camera cuts back to the scene, and the bell of peace "Crossing" appears in the center of the site, and the bell rings at this time, reflecting people's cherish for peace and desire for harmony, which is the theme of tonight's opening ceremony "Call for peace and build harmony".According to the organizing committee, all temples in South Korea will ring bells at this time to pray for world peace.
In addition to ringing the bell to pray, the four magic beasts:white tiger、rosefinch、Qinglong、BasaltIn addition, many mythical figures familiar to the Korean people:Bear girl, half man, half bird, and phoenix also appeared in the TV screen, which symbolizes the harmonious coexistence of heaven, earth, and people.
Back to reality, hundreds of actors dressed in traditional Korean national costumes and hung with sticks and drums perform. The dance combines elements of Bagua and Tai Chi, symbolizing balance and harmony.At the end of the dance, combining the group dance and the lighting effect, the red and blue Tai Chi shape appeared on the scene, which is also the flag pattern of South Korea.
Imagination of high-tech future world connection echoing the slogan of Pingchang
The second part is the performance of Korean traditional folk songs《arirang 》Opening the curtain, this performance goes through the history of modern Korea and the imagination of the future.In the song of 77 year old Korean man Kim Nam chi, five children rowed into the stadium in a small boat. Their background was stormy and then sunny, implying that South Korea has finally ushered in economic take-off after suffering.
Then the children used the magic ice pen to draw their dreams in turn, and then the door of light to the future appeared above their heads.When the door of light opened to them, the children's dreams came true one by one.The fourth industrial revolution is unfolding before people's eyes. Artificial intelligence and the interconnection of everything will completely change people's lives.
Then 120 doors of light appeared on the scene, symbolizing the technology serving people: modern technology has brought our lives closer, but also blocked the communication between people.58 performers danced around the door, telling the audience that only the communication between people is the real connection, opening the door to communicate with people and the world.
The doors of light are connected to each other, and the ground of the stadium is marked with a smile, and different expression packs appear.58 performers approached the center of the stage and lit the aura in the center with their devices.Then the actors sent out their light beams to reach the sky above the stadium. At this time, the sky and the earth were connected, so the whole world was closely connected, echoing the slogan of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics "Passion Connected" again.
North and South Korea Jointly Pass the Torch
Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the Pingchang Winter OlympicsLi XifanAnd the President of the International Olympic CommitteeBachAfter the speech, the President of South KoreaWen ZaiyinThe opening of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics was officially announced.
Then the music sounded, and the five children reappeared after experiencing the journey of exploration. They lit candles with the actors on the scene, forming two huge doves of peace in the center of the stadium.British legendary singerJohn LennonClassic tracks《Song of Peace》Four inter generational Korean singers sang against the backdrop of doves of peace, and the moving melody echoed over the stadium.
Jin Yan'er lights the sacred flame
The Olympic flag then entered the stadium and was raised in the center of the stadium to the accompaniment of the Olympic Song sung by Korean soprano singers.Next is the exciting ignition ceremony. The torch passes the golf Olympic championConcubine Park Ren, football playerAn ZhenhuanThe hands of three people were handed over to two members of the inter Korean women's ice hockey team. They climbed up the ramp and ran to the main torch tower.
Just then,Kim Yu naThere is no doubt that it appears on the ice under the main torch tower.After a solo dance on the ice, she took the torch in the hands of two hockey players and lit the ice and snow brazier in front of her. A mechanical device rose to the ground and passed the flame to the main torch tower.
The opening ceremony of the previous Olympic Games will end at the ignition stage, but this time the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics was ingenious. After Kim Yaner lit the flame, she continued to dance with the theme of flame.In the cold winter night, the flame in the stadium was beating, and the fireworks outside the stadium were blooming. The opening ceremony ended successfully.[16]
Competition area
Announce
edit
At least one athlete from 92 countries or regions has qualified for the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games.Among them,Ecuador、Eritrea、Kosovo 、Malaysia、NigeriaandSingaporeSix other countries will make their debut in the Winter Olympics for the first time.On the other hand, althoughCayman Islands、dominicaandPeruAll of them have one athlete qualified, but the Olympic Committees of these countries have said that they will not participate in the Winter Olympics.[1]
RussiaThe athletes will use the flag of the International Olympic Committee to participate, because the Russian Olympic Committee was suspended due to doping during the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympic Games.
Competition venue
Announce
edit
Pingchang Olympic Stadium
Pingchang Olympic Stadium
Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Winter Olympic Games and the Winter Paralympic Games
Alpesia Resort
English: Alpensia Precinct;
Korean: 알 펜 시 아 키 점 프 Version 기 장.
Alpia ski jumping stadium, where biathlon, cross-country skiing and ski jumping competitions will be held.It is the ski jumping outdoor stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea.The stadium can hold 26000 people.
On the evening of February 25, 2018 local time, the closing ceremony of the 23rd Winter Olympic Games was held in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
Closing ceremony
At the closing ceremony, the Korean and South Korean delegations once again held the Korean Peninsula flag together.IOC President Bach thanked the host and volunteers for their efforts to successfully complete the Winter Olympics.Liu Yandong, Special Representative of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended the closing ceremony.
As the host city of the next Winter Olympics, Beijing Mayor Chen Jining took over the Olympic five ring flag. Through an 8-minute live performance, Beijing showed the world the perfect combination of ancient Chinese culture and modern technology.Chinese President Xi Jinping sent an invitation to the world via video: "2022! Meet in Beijing!"
At the closing ceremony of the Pingchang Winter Olympics, the performance of "Beijing Eight Minutes" directed by Zhang Yimou showed the theme of "Welcome to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics" through the interaction between the Internet and more than 60 million ordinary Chinese people using artificial intelligence technology.[20-21]
Disputed events
Announce
edit
Official promo event
Movable type printing of promotional film for Pingchang Winter Olympics
At the closing ceremony of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, in the official promotional film of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in South Korea,movable-type printing、Guqin、Ink and wash、palaceSuch elements familiar to Chinese audiences have emerged, especially movable type printing, and Korean characters are displayed in the promotional video.This element was complained by Chinese netizens, "This is naked plagiarism from China!" The netizens complained, "Oriental Palace, movable type printing, ancient zither, ink and wash, if you don't add a pickle, match a songarirang Do you know what this is?2018 Pyeongchang, the Republic of Korea with a long history of 5000 years welcomes you! "[22]
Some netizens also believe that the Koreans are paying homage to the Chinese people. "The eight minutes of Pyeongchang, South Korea, at the closing ceremony of the Sochi Winter Olympic Games was another imitation of Chinese zither, another theft of Chinese ink and wash paintings, and another plagiarism of Chinese movable type printing. I don't know whether it is a tribute to Chinese culture or a naked performance of no culture."[22]
Doping incident
On February 13, 2018, the International Court of Arbitration for Sport issued a statement saying that Saito Hui, a Japanese men's short track speed skater, had left the Japanese Winter Olympic delegation after being found positive for doping in a drug test before the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games.[23]
During the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games, the Russian Olympic team broke out two doping incidents again, one was the bronze medalist in the mixed doubles curling, Krushernitzki, and the other was Sergiova who participated in the women's snowmobile competition. The drug test results of both athletes were positive, and Rushernitzki has promised to return the medals he won.[24]
Cyber attacks
On February 24, 2018, according to US intelligence, Russian military spies hacked hundreds of computers used by managers of the 2018 South Korean Winter Olympics.
On February 26, 2018, Pyeongchang officials admitted that the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics held on February 9, 2018 was attacked by the network, but they refused to confirm that the attack was carried out by Russians.On the evening of the opening ceremony, problems occurred in the Internet, broadcasting system and Olympic website.Many viewers were unable to print their tickets, resulting in empty seats.[25]
