Practical experience in accounting: formula for calculating the change rate of profit before interest and tax
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Direct relief
Q: What is direct relief?
Answer: Definition: Direct reduction or exemption refers to the direct reduction or exemption of VAT on one or all links of providing taxable services. The input tax on goods or taxable services purchased by taxpayers for VAT exempt items shall not be deducted. No special invoice shall be issued for providing tax-free and taxable services.
The tax relief is divided into approved tax relief and record tax relief. The approved tax reduction or exemption refers to the tax reduction or exemption items that should be approved by the tax authorities according to laws and regulations; Filing tax relief refers to tax relief items that do not need the approval of the tax authorities.
Taxpayers who enjoy approved tax reductions and exemptions shall submit approval materials and submit applications. Taxpayers who have the authority to approve according to the law shall not enjoy tax reductions and exemptions if they act in accordance with the provisions of these Measures. Taxpayers who enjoy tax reductions and exemptions of record type shall have the corresponding qualifications for tax reductions and exemptions, and shall go through the prescribed filing procedures.
Taxpayers who provide taxable services using tax exemption and reduction provisions may waive tax exemption and reduction and pay VAT in accordance with the provisions. After waiving the tax exemption and reduction, no further application for tax exemption and reduction shall be made within 36 months. The waiver of the right to tax exemption shall be submitted in writing to the competent tax authority for filing. Where taxpayers provide taxable services that are subject to both tax exemption and zero tax rate provisions, zero tax rate shall prevail. If zero tax rate is applicable to bank tax services, you can give up the application of zero tax rate and choose tax exemption or pay VAT according to regulations. After giving up the application of zero tax rate, no application for zero tax rate shall be made within 36 months.
Calculation formula of profit change rate before interest and tax of accounting knowledge
Case analysis
A heating company is a general VAT taxpayer, mainly engaged in tax-free residential heating business, and also engaged in taxable non residential heating business such as some businesses. In August 2016, the VAT input tax was 800000 yuan (it can not be used for residential heating and non residential heating), a total of 5.65 million yuan was charged for residential heating, and 3.39 million yuan was charged for non residential heating. Company A shall prepare the following accounting entries (unit: 10000 yuan):
(1) Accounting input tax:
Debit: Taxes payable - VAT payable (input tax) 80
Credit: bank deposit 80
(2) Accounting output tax:
Main business income=(565+339) ÷ (1+13%)=8 million yuan
Output tax=800 × 13%=10.4 million yuan
Including: output tax accrued for residential heating=104 × 565 ÷ (565+339)=650000 yuan
Debit: bank deposit 904
Credit: main business income 800
Taxes payable - VAT payable (output tax) 104
(3) Input tax that cannot be deducted for transferring out residential heating=80 × 565 ÷ (565+339)=500 thousand yuan
Debit: main business cost 50
Credit: taxes payable - VAT payable (input tax transferred out) 50
(4) Tax carried forward for residential heating exemption:
Debit: Taxes payable - VAT payable (tax deduction) 65
Credit: Non operating income 65
Levy and refund immediately
Q: What is immediate collection and withdrawal?
Answer: immediate collection and refund means that the relevant provisions of the tax authority will collect the VAT payable of the taxpayer in full and in time, and then the tax authority will return all or part of the VAT collected into the warehouse to the taxpayer. Taxpayers may issue special VAT invoices and calculate output tax, input tax and tax payable as usual. Taxpayers who receive tax refunds from tax authorities shall be included in the subject of "non operating income".
case analysis
Company A is a general VAT taxpayer. In August 2016, Company A sold its self-developed and produced software products and obtained a tax exclusive income of 5 million yuan. The current input tax of the software product is 300000 yuan. According to the regulations, after the general VAT taxpayer sells software products developed and produced by itself and collects VAT at the rate of 17%, the part of its actual VAT burden exceeding 3% will be subject to the policy of immediate collection and refund. Company A shall prepare the following accounting entries (unit: 10000 yuan):
(1) When selling software products:
Debit: Bank deposit 585
Credit: main business income 500
Taxes payable - VAT payable (output tax) 85
(2) Calculate the immediate tax refund:
Current VAT payable=500 × 17% - 30=85-30=550000 yuan
Actual tax burden rate of the software product sold in the current period=55 ÷ 500=11%
The actual tax burden rate of the software products changed in the current period exceeds 3%, and the part whose actual VAT burden exceeds 3% can enjoy the immediate tax refund policy.
Immediate collection and refund=55-500 × 3%=55-15=400000 yuan
When the taxpayer receives the immediate tax refund from the tax authority, it shall make the following accounting treatment:
Debit: bank deposit 40
Credit: Non operating income 40
Advance and retreat
The tax refund refers to a tax preference in which the tax authority collects the tax paid in accordance with the provisions of the tax law and then gives a partial or full refund or refund of the tax paid according to the prescribed procedures. Taxpayers who enjoy the first tax refund can issue special VAT invoices and calculate the output tax, input tax and tax payable as usual. Compared with immediate tax refund, the time for tax refund is slightly delayed. When a taxpayer receives the refund of tax collected in advance by the tax authority, the accounting treatment is the same as the immediate refund of tax collected, which is included in the subject of "non operating income".
To levy before returning
Levy before return means that the tax authority normally collects VAT into the warehouse, and then the financial authority reviews and returns the VAT paid by the enterprise into the warehouse according to the tax policy, and calculates the output tax, input tax and tax payable as usual. Compared with the refund upon collection and the refund upon collection, the timeliness of taxpayers receiving tax refund is different. The refund upon collection is the fastest, the refund upon collection is the second, and the refund upon collection is the slowest. When the taxpayer receives the tax refunded after collection, the accounting treatment is the same as that of the tax refunded after collection and the tax refunded after collection, which has been included in the subject of "non operating income". (Top Financial and Stock College: www.58188. com)
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