"I am an ordinary farmer, and I can earn 230000 yuan a year by planting agaric. How dare I imagine that before!" Guo Hongli, a villager in Shuangshan Village, Huangsongdian Town, Jiaohe City, Jilin Province, mentioned the current income, and her face was full of smiles.
Jiaohe City, located in the east of Jilin Province, is known as the "Hometown of Black Fungus in China". The specialty "Huangsongdian Black Fungus" is a national geographical indication product of China, with the output value of the whole industrial chain reaching 5.57 billion yuan. In the early 1970s, Jiaohe City began to try to cultivate black fungus artificially. The national labor brand "Changbai Mountain Fungus Gardeners" originated here.
In 2023, "Changbai Mountain Fungus Horticultural Worker" was also rated as "Ten Outstanding Labor Brands" in Jilin Province.
Find a way out in the mountains
In late April, the temperature in Changbai Mountain area gradually warmed up. In the edible fungus base in Shuangshan Village, Jiaohe City, agricultural vehicles shuttle back and forth, and workers are cleaning up the fungus segments in the field.
"The harvest season is the peak of employment. Each family needs at least 5 workers, and the number of employees in the village is about 1000~2000." Liu Baochen, secretary of the Party branch of Shuangshan Village, is the leader of the village in planting agaric, and is also the employer of the labor brand "Changbai Mountain Fungus Gardeners". He said that the cultivation of auricularia auricula has created a large number of labor markets, and he has to hire workers in nearby towns and even around Changchun every year during the construction period.
Aiming at the market demand, Jiaohe Employment Service Bureau actively carries out the cultivation of fungus gardeners, and trains skilled personnel and talents such as junior, middle, senior and technicians in various technical links such as cultivation and preservation of fungus, construction of cultivation sites, preparation of cultivation materials, cultivation management, harvesting, processing and storage of fungus, Through the expert team of Li Yu, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, we have provided experimental technology and field guidance for many years, and cultivated a large number of fungus gardeners with local characteristics.
At present, Shuangshan Village has a permanent population of more than 360 households, more than 80% of which grow agaric, and the annual production of dried agaric is about 4 million jin.
In 2021, Shuangshan Village began to try to cultivate Ganoderma lucidum, and set up a thousand shed Ganoderma lucidum industrial park under the leadership of the government. At present, a single shed can produce 130kg~175kg of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.
To be a "tower" in the industry
"Our Huangsongdian black fungus is the 'Rolls Royce' in the fungus!" Zhang Guohong is very confident about the quality of his own products. Zhang Guohong, 37, has been engaged in the edible fungus industry for nearly 20 years. In 2014, he founded Senbaiwei Food Co., Ltd. in Jiaohe City, covering the planting, processing and sales of agricultural products. Because the company employs nearly 500 people annually, Zhang Guohong has also become a labor broker of "Changbai Mountain Fungus Gardeners".
"We use oak wood sections to make fungus bags, which are made of natural wood from Changbai Mountain, imitating the original ecology. The taste of the fungus is very similar to that of wild fungus, which tastes elastic and rich in colloid." Zhang Guohong introduced.
In 2006, Jiaohe City set up a large market for the sales of Huangsongdian edible fungi, which successfully launched the brand of Huangsongdian, attracted purchasers from all over the country, improved sales and promoted local employment.
"We all know that the quality of our Huangsongdian black fungus is good. Some customers fly from the south, such as Fujian, Hangzhou, and Zhejiang, and many of them buy more than 1000 kilograms." Tian Xue, the sales manager of Senbaiwei Food Company, is a college student who returns home to work. The booming development of the edible fungus industry in her hometown has also brought a turning point to her career. Tian Xue said that there are more and more college students like her in the company. They can do things they like in their hometown and have a good income, which is a two-way journey for them and their hometown's industrial development.
Iteration in technology
"Auricularia auricula and Ganoderma lucidum are two business cards of Huang Songdian. Auricularia auricula has developed early and its technology is more mature. Ganoderma lucidum is difficult to grow, and its development is relatively slow, but its market space is also larger." Jia Jungang is the image spokesperson of the labor brand of "Changbai Mountain Fungus Gardener", and also the promoter of edible fungus planting technology. He was once elected as the national outstanding migrant worker. In 2016, he focused on the Ganoderma lucidum industry and began to study planting technology.
"After testing, the content of our Ganoderma triterpenoids and Ganoderma polysaccharides is more than 6 times the national standard." At present, two products of Jinzhilou Biotechnology Co., Ltd. established by Jia Jungang have obtained the blue hat certification (health food logo). As a technical director, Jia Jungang constantly seeks breakthroughs. In 2023, he and Jilin Provincial Institute of Biology jointly developed the technology of Ganoderma lucidum cultivation without soil cover, and obtained a patent. It took him and his team three years to achieve this result.
At the same time of upgrading the products, Jia Jungang also insisted on promoting Ganoderma lucidum planting technology free of charge, and visited all towns and villages in Jiaohe City. In 2019, Jia Jungang came to Xinzhan Town to promote planting technology. At that time, there were 31 natural villages in the town, and no one planted glossy ganoderma. Five years later, there are 29 villages in the town with more than 100 households planting glossy ganoderma, and it is the main industry.
"Technology is valuable only when it is popularized!" Jia Jungang believes that the development of the Ganoderma lucidum industry has unlimited possibilities, and farmers need to follow closely in order to gain common benefits.
"With the continuous expansion of the industrial scale, Jiaohe has more than 20000 fungus horticulturists and more than 60000 fungus horticulturists in the province, which has led to more than 300000 jobs." Wang Aoxue, director of the Labor Export Office of Jilin Employment Bureau, said that in the future, the employment department will continue to provide service guarantees from policy support, scientific and technological support, training support and other aspects, We will continue to expand the team of "Changbai Mountain Fungus Gardeners" to help more migrant workers achieve high-quality employment.
