In recent days, the hot weather in northern China has continued. On June 14, the Ministry of Water Resources upgraded the emergency response to drought prevention in Henan and Hebei provinces to Level III, and maintained the Level IV emergency response to drought prevention in Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.

In response to the high temperature weather and drought, North China, Huang Huai River and other places made every effort to do a good job in forecasting and early warning, water scheduling, agricultural technology guidance and other work to minimize the losses caused by drought. A few days ago, the reporter visited the front-line of major grain producing provinces such as Hebei, Shandong and Henan to learn about the implementation of measures to combat drought and ensure summer sowing.

Try to transfer water to quench thirst

"Water is coming!" On the afternoon of June 14, a trickle of water flowed from the main irrigation canal. Zhang Qingmin, a large grain grower in Huayuan Village, Zhangqiu Town, Yanggu County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, hurried to arrange people to lay water hoses, "seize the time to divert water for irrigation, and we will certainly keep the results of summer sowing!"

Since June, the average precipitation in Shandong Province has been 1.5 mm, 92.8% less than that in the same period of the year. The weather is hot and people get angry. Two days ago, Zhang Qingmin, who had just planted 350 mu of corn, had blisters on his mouth

The "thirst quenching" water comes from the nearby Jindi River. "After the drought, we immediately felt and drained the drought resistant water source and water demand, and took measures to deal with it, such as water diversion from other rivers and flowing irrigation. At present, the county has transferred 5.1 million cubic meters of water, solving the problem of farmland irrigation in 50 villages along the coast." Zhang Guangchun, secretary of the Party Leadership Group and head of Yanggu County Water Conservancy Bureau, introduced.

The turbine turned, the gate lifted, and the water poured down... In the early morning of June 12, the Xiaomazhuang Reservoir in Lanling County, Linyi City, Shandong Province lifted the gate to release water. This water release lasted for 5 days, with a total amount of 864000 cubic meters, and more than 35000 mu of farmland was irrigated. During summer sowing, Linyi City successively dispatched 6 large and 26 medium-sized reservoirs and some small reservoirs to release water, and the cumulative release of water for summer sowing exceeded 240 million cubic meters.

Shandong Province allocates water resources as a whole and strengthens the unified regulation and management of drought resistant water sources. Up to now, the Water Resources Department of Shandong Province has directed 156 large and medium-sized irrigation areas to make full use of all available water sources such as reservoirs, rivers and motor wells, carry out water diversion irrigation, expand irrigation area, and have accumulated 11.8769 million mu of drought resistant irrigation.

Henan Province also suffered from high temperatures for several days. Since late April, the average precipitation in Henan Province has been 26.6 mm, 75% less than that in the same period of the year. Especially since June, 72 national meteorological stations in 16 cities under the jurisdiction of Anyang and other provinces have experienced severe drought or above. Since late May, Henan has comprehensively investigated 987200 farmland irrigation wells, repaired damaged facilities in time to meet the needs of drought resistant irrigation.

"As of the middle of June, Henan's large and medium-sized reservoirs had a total available water volume of 4.048 billion cubic meters, with sufficient reserves. Considering the most unfavorable factor of no effective rainfall before the end of June, 700 million cubic meters of water could be released for drought resistant irrigation; the middle route project of the South to North Water Transfer, large and medium-sized reservoirs and river channels had normal water supply, with abundant underground water sources, which could meet the demand for drought resistance." The relevant person in charge of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province told the reporter.

Scientific water-saving and seedling protection

On the morning of June 14, in the wheat stubble field of Houxiaogu Village, Xinmatou Town, Qiu County, Hebei Province, a reel sprinkler was operating under the scorching sun, and a large stream of water was sprayed from the outlet, moving counterclockwise for sprinkler irrigation, with the spray diameter exceeding 30 meters.

This machine, which makes contributions to the drought resistance, is a newly promoted irrigation equipment in the county. "Its biggest advantage is that it saves water, and spray irrigation can be carried out when the radiation diameter is set up!" Zhao Junlei, a member of the social service organization of Qiu County, said, "Ordinary flood irrigation requires about 60 cubic meters of water per mu of land, and this machine needs 30-40 cubic meters of water. The reel sprinkler can spray irrigation land evenly, effectively saving water." Not only saves water, but also saves labor. Zhao Junlei said: "One person can operate such a machine. On average, 1.5 mu of farmland can be irrigated in one hour. For plots with good soil moisture, it is no problem to irrigate 3 mu in one hour." At present, there are more than 60 such reel sprinkler machines in Qiuxian County, which has played a great role in the key period of agricultural drought resistance and water conservation in the county.

In the corn field, Guo Weidong, a villager in Guolou Village, Dutang Township, Taikang County, Henan Province, took out the remote control and pressed it towards the pumping well room, and the water mist instantly sprayed from the spray gun. "Sprinkler belt, spray gun, water pump... I have a full set of watering equipment here. One spray gun can irrigate more than 20 mu of land a day."

"This year I planted 130 mu of corn and more than 30 mu of soybeans and peanuts. I have watered them twice since the wheat harvest. It seems that the weather has been too dry recently, so I will water them for the third time today." Guo Weidong said that if it doesn't rain recently, it is estimated that we will have to spray water on corn and peanuts again in 10 days.

In Linyi, Shandong Province, the newly sown corn seedlings between dry wheat stubbles pulled out three or five new leaves, and irrigation water poured into the land. "Thanks to the high standard farmland water-saving irrigation facilities built, the irrigation water will automatically flow into the field as soon as you swipe the card." Zhang Yongsan, a villager in Xiaoweizhuang Village, Zhengcheng Town, Pingyi County, breathed a sigh of relief as he watched the dry land get nourished.

On the eve of the "three summers" production, Linyi City carried out a dragnet screening of the completed high standard farmland, providing an important guarantee for summer planting. In recent days, all counties and districts in Linyi City have made full use of irrigation facilities to increase the capacity of drought resistance and irrigation protection. At present, more than 8600 pump wells and pump stations have been put into operation to effectively play the role of high standard farmland in "drought resistance and water conservation".

Good agricultural technology guidance

During the critical period of summer sowing, many agricultural experts were sent to the field to provide guidance on drought resistance and summer sowing.

In Xingcun Town, Sishui County, Jining City, Shandong Province, a seeder shuttles back and forth in the field. "The fields with insufficient soil moisture should be planted with soil moisture, and the varieties with high temperature resistance, lodging resistance and high yield should be selected as far as possible." Wang Qin, an agricultural technical staff of the Sishui County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and colleagues checked the seeding situation. Recently, Sishui County has set up 7 drought resistant technical guidance groups to enter villages and fields to carry out technical guidance services such as soil moisture conservation, crop cultivation, water storage and conservation, water-saving irrigation, etc.

"The moisture content is not very good, and we need to improve the water utilization rate. Scientific drip irrigation helps to improve the survival rate of sprouts." In the scorching sun, Song Renzhou, a specially employed agricultural technician of Renze District Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, patiently guided farmers to carry out precise drip irrigation in a newly sown corn field in Zhangzhuang Community, Rencheng Town, Renze District, Xingtai City, Hebei Province.

"At present, 375000 mu of wheat has been basically harvested in Renze District, and 363000 mu of summer maize has entered the critical sowing period." Song Renzhou said that the agricultural department of Renze District actively organized agricultural experts to divide into four groups, go deep into the field, provide one-on-one service guidance for large growers, family farms, etc., and implement technical measures to resist high temperatures according to the time, the place, and the seedlings, Give suggestions on drought prevention sowing management and protection, and strengthen dynamic monitoring and evaluation to provide technical support for agricultural production and consolidate the foundation for autumn harvest.

In response to the drought, many departments around the country took measures to actively respond. Henan Province issued the Emergency Notice on Doing Well the Current Drought Relief Work, the Emergency Notice on Practically Doing Well the Drought Relief Seeding and Seedling Protection Work and other documents, putting forward requirements on drought resistant seeding, field management, drought monitoring, water source regulation, etc; Handan City, Hebei Province, launched the Emergency Plan for Summer Cropping and Summer Pipe, which emphasized soil grabbing, planting, watering, and agronomic soil conservation.

"Although suffering from a certain degree of drought, the province's summer harvest work basically ended on June 7. The summer sowing work started in a large area on May 28, and by June 13, the sown area had reached 79.152 million mu." Yang Wentao, director of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Division of the Emergency Management Department of Henan Province, said.

People's Daily (June 15, 2024, 4th Edition)

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