At present, anti-tumor drugs are classified according to their drug sources and mechanisms of action, which is of practical significance for grasping the characteristics of drugs and designing combined drug programs.
1、 Cytotoxic drugs
In recent years, the progress of cytotoxic drugs is limited. According to their mechanism of action, cytotoxic drugs are roughly classified into those that act on DNA structure, affect nucleic acid synthesis, nucleic acid transcription, DNA replication, affect mitosis and others.
2、 Small molecule targeted drugs
At present, commonly used targeted drugs include anti EGFR, ALK, MET and other inhibitors, as well as multi target multi kinase inhibitors.
3、 Antibodies
Monoclonal antibody is an antibody targeting a specific antigen epitope, which also has targeting effect. Classic drugs include Rituximab against CD20 and Trastuzumab against HER2, which have become commonly used drugs in clinical practice. Immunocheckpoint inhibitors are listed separately because of their unique mechanism of action.
4、 Immunocheckpoint inhibitor
In tumor immunotherapy, immunocheckpoint inhibitors have been studied most deeply and extensively, which is the second time after targeted therapy to change the pattern of tumor treatment. In addition to the common PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 inhibition, the research of double antibody drugs is also in progress.
5、 Hormones
Hormone drugs are common treatment components for breast cancer, prostate cancer and other tumors affected by sex hormones. Common hormone drugs are summarized in the table below.
6、 Antibody conjugated drug
Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) is another hotspot in drug research. ADC couples cytotoxic drugs to monoclonal antibodies through linkers, and uses the characteristics of antigen antibody specific binding to specifically deliver cytotoxic drugs to tumors to play a killing role. At present, many ADC have been listed. In addition, drugs targeting Trop2, CD79 and other targets are also in clinical trials.
7、 Others
In addition, drugs that are difficult to classify, such as biological reaction regulators, differentiation inducers, tumor vaccines, are included in other categories.
8、 Adjuvant drug
Tumor adjuvant drugs are also an important part of anti-tumor treatment, which can help reduce the adverse events of anti-tumor treatment and alleviate the symptoms of patients.
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[Source: China Health Channel]
key word: Action mechanism
monoclonal antibody
