[Summary of views]
● At present, China's grain storage technology is generally at the advanced level in the world.
● "Green and excellent storage" is an important part of maintaining the "world granary".
● In the future, green grain storage technology and standard system suitable for different ecological areas should be truly established.
Food security is an important foundation of national security. As a country with a large population, it is of great significance to increase grain production and store grain well to ensure the stable operation of the economy and society.
In recent years, the relevant departments of the state have increased investment, vigorously promoted the construction of storage facilities, and promoted the application of green grain storage technology. At present, a grain storage security system suitable for grain production, storage and circulation has been basically formed. According to the data of the State Food and Materials Reserve Bureau, up to now, the intact storage capacity of national standard warehouses has exceeded 700 million tons, the storage capacity of low-temperature and quasi low-temperature grain has reached 200 million tons, and the storage capacity of air-conditioned grain storage technology has been 55 million tons.
Scientific and technological grain storage and green grain storage are the key measures to ensure the quantity, quality and storage safety of grain stocks. Why promote green grain storage? Next, how will China continue to promote the application and innovation of green grain storage technology? "Green grain storage has always been an ideal state for grain storage." Recently, Peng Yang, Deputy Director of the Department of Safe Storage and Science and Technology of the State Food and Materials Reserve Bureau, visited China's Economic Micro observation · Expert Talk, and said that green grain storage is a concrete manifestation of accelerating the green transformation of the development mode and putting the concept of green development into all aspects of the whole process of economic and social development.
Grain storage accelerated to "green and excellent storage"
Grain is a living organism with respiration and metabolism. During storage, it is easy to be affected by its own physiological activity, storage conditions, grain storage operations, etc., and its quantity and quality may change. If it is not properly stored, it may be degraded, moldy, insect pests, etc.
In this regard, Peng Yang said that constantly upgrading the hardware facilities of grain storage, continuously strengthening the innovative application of grain storage technology, and ensuring the real quantity, good quality, and safe storage of grain are not only a vivid reflection of the grain storage technology strategy in the storage link, but also an inevitable requirement to promote grain storage to speed up to the stage of "green and optimal storage".
"Green grain storage mainly uses green grain storage technology to keep the temperature and humidity of grain in a suitable storage state, maintain the grain's own activity, and inhibit the occurrence of insects and mildews." Peng Yang introduced that green grain storage can also reduce the use of stored grain chemicals, which is conducive to "green storage" of grain, preservation of quality and freshness, and achieve the purpose of energy conservation, emission reduction, low-carbon and environmental protection, It can realize the effective supply of green and high-quality grain.
With the improvement of storage facilities, China's grain storage technology has also been significantly improved. "At present, China's grain storage technology is generally at the advanced level in the world." Peng Yang said that, especially after the popularization and application of the "four in one" grain storage technology, the natural loss quota of state-owned grain warehouses within the grain storage cycle was controlled within 2 ‰, and the comprehensive loss rate was controlled within 1%, effectively solving the problem of pest control.
In recent years, China has also continued to increase investment in research and development of grain storage technology, vigorously promoting the application of green grain storage technologies such as temperature control, air conditioning, and integrated pest control. Peng Yang said that the technical level of grain storage in China has achieved a historic leap, and is moving towards the direction of temperature control and storage of grain to ensure quality and freshness, drug use reduction and efficiency increase, and environmentally friendly storage operations.
Grasping the need of grain and storage in four aspects
In order to achieve optimal grain storage, all regions are exploring intelligent and information-based means to effectively promote scientific grain storage and reduce grain losses. With the increasing coverage of green grain storage, the quality assurance capacity of "big country granaries" will become stronger and stronger. In recent years, what measures has China taken to focus on green grain storage?
Peng Yang said that in recent years, focusing on green grain storage, China has mainly made efforts from four aspects:
First, improve the system. At present, China has basically formed a multi-level food security system covering laws and regulations, departmental rules, administrative normative documents, etc., which provides the institutional basis for promoting green grain storage.
The second is to promote "green and excellent storage". All localities have closely followed the requirements of green, ecological, environmental protection and energy conservation, built and renovated a batch of high standard granaries, focused on improving the thermal insulation and air tightness of granaries, actively developed intelligent grain situation monitoring and control systems, explored the application of green comprehensive pest control technology, optimized the process and equipment processes, improved the ability to clean grain, improved the efficiency of green grain storage, and achieved phased results, Substantive steps have been taken in the high-quality development of grain storage.
The third is to strengthen the guidance of standards. The State Food and Materials Reserve Bureau has issued many standards such as the Construction Standard of High standard Grain Storehouse and the Technical Regulations for Nitrogen Gas Regulated Grain Storage, which provide guidance for the construction of high standard grain silos and the application of green grain storage technology. At the same time, we also carried out the standardization pilot work of green grain storage nationwide, and gradually explored the replicable and replicable green grain storage work model and typical experience to help scientific grain storage and optimal grain storage.
Fourth, strengthen mechanism guarantee. At present, China has incorporated the application of green grain storage technology into the assessment of cultivated land protection and food security responsibility system, forming a joint effort of working together.
At the same time, we will continue to strengthen the publicity and implementation of green grain storage policies and experience exchange by taking the opportunity of thematic activities such as the Food and Material Reserve Science and Technology Week. In addition, we will give full play to the role of the National Engineering Research Center for Grain Storage and Transportation, strengthen the key technologies of green grain storage, and transform innovative theories and technological achievements into vivid practices to promote green grain storage.
Adapt measures to local conditions and keep the people's "grain bag"
Scientific grain storage is an important guarantee to ensure the quantity and quality of grain. In the next step, how should China keep green grain storage?
"'Green and excellent storage' is an important part of maintaining and managing the 'world's granary'." Peng Yang introduced that at present, China is divided into seven major grain storage ecological areas, each of which has its own characteristics. There are small ecological areas in the large ecological areas, and the demand for grain storage technology is also different, which requires China to choose and apply green grain storage technology according to local conditions.
Peng Yang said that at the end of April, the State Food and Materials Reserve Bureau held a national grain green storage work site promotion meeting in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province. The meeting continued to promote the work of grain green storage in a deep and practical way with the theme of "promoting green grain storage in ecological areas and helping high-quality development of storage management".
"The next step will focus on promoting the demonstration of the integration of the technological innovation system of green grain storage in the sub ecological areas, focusing on technological innovation at the same time, which is a breakthrough from scratch and from the old to the new; and focusing on technological integration at the same time, which is a transformation from a single technology to combined application, from decentralized separation to overall optimization." Peng Yang said that by integrating technology, facilities, equipment Packaging and upgrading of materials and their applications, China is striving to create a green grain storage technology application matrix, and in the future, it is necessary to truly build a green grain storage technology and standard system suitable for different ecological areas.
Peng Yang said that China will also speed up the cultivation of a number of high-level scientific and technological talents and a team of professional storage skills, constantly improve the standardized, refined, green and intelligent level of grain storage management, and continue to improve the level of green grain storage technology, so as to provide strong support for promoting high-quality development of the grain industry and maintaining the "world granary".
