June 14 is the 18th "World Blood Donor Day", and this year's theme is "Blood donation, let the world continue to beat". So, what conditions do you need to meet as a blood donor? Is blood donation harmful to the body? Is there any conflict between vaccination and blood donation? Wang Hongjie, deputy director of the Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, visited the "Good Doctor of the People" client and gave detailed answers to netizens about the knowledge related to blood donation.
What conditions do blood donors need to meet?
Wang Hongjie pointed out that there are basic conditions for voluntary blood donation, first of all age. The Blood Donation Law clearly stipulates that the age range of citizens of the right age to participate in blood donation is 18-55 years old. It should be noted that minors under the age of 18 cannot donate blood. The upper limit of 55 years old is a general rule of law. It does not mean that you cannot donate blood when you are over 55 years old. If your physical conditions permit and you agree, you can still donate blood.
In addition, the Requirements for Health Examination of Blood Donors clearly stipulates the basic elements that blood donors should have before donating blood, such as the physical condition of blood donors, including some key basic physical indicators, such as blood pressure, pulse, temperature, weight, etc.
Wang Hongjie said that the standard also stipulates the inquiry about the health history of blood donors, such as which diseases can not donate blood and which diseases to postpone blood donation. It can be said that those who not only meet the basic age requirements of the blood donation law of China, but also meet the requirements of the "Requirements for Health Examination of Blood Donors" can participate in blood donation.
What precautions are there before and after blood donation?
Wang Hongjie reminded that before donating blood, one should understand the basic knowledge. The main purpose is to eliminate nervousness and donate blood with a relaxed attitude. In addition, some basic preparations need to be made, such as eating low-fat food as much as possible two days before blood donation, which is conducive to meeting the requirements of blood testing and benefiting the recipients. The other thing is to keep enough rest and sleep. If the body condition is poor before blood donation, the probability of adverse reactions during and after blood donation may increase.
Wang Hongjie mentioned that after blood donation, we need to pay attention to that, first of all, we must protect the vein puncture point, and try not to bathe within 24 hours; Secondly, pay attention to adequate rest and sleep, and do not do strenuous sports, such as ball games and mountaineering; Finally, after blood donation, you must sit at the blood donation site for an additional period of time, usually 15 minutes.
What are the safety guarantees in the process of blood donation?
When talking about whether blood donation will infect diseases, Wang Hongjie said that the Measures for the Administration of Blood Stations clearly stipulated that blood stations must use disposable blood collection appliances, reagents and equipment approved by the State Food and Drug Administration to collect blood. From this perspective, blood donation will not cause cross infection, and the public can rest assured.
Is there any conflict between vaccination and blood donation?
Wang Hongjie said that vaccination did have an impact on the process of blood collection and supply or unpaid blood donation. For different types of vaccines, China has a relatively delayed blood donation time requirement.
He further explained that in 2021, the General Office of the National Health Commission and the Health Bureau of the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission jointly issued the Guidelines for the Normalized Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Epidemic in Blood Stations, which stipulates that those vaccinated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine can donate blood 48 hours after vaccination; People vaccinated with other types of COVID-19 vaccine (excluding live attenuated vaccine) can donate blood 14 days after the day of vaccination.
Is blood donation harmful to the body?
Wang Hongjie explained that it was a traditional misunderstanding about whether blood donation was harmful to the body. The total blood volume of normal human body is about 4000-5000ml. According to relevant regulations, a blood donation of 200ml can not exceed 400ml at most. This amount of blood donation actually accounts for about 10% of the whole body blood of normal people.
Wang Hongjie mentioned that according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization, a one-time human blood donation within 13% is safe and will not cause anemia and discomfort. Therefore, the disposable blood collection volume controlled by China is within the safety limit. Of course, there is a premise that blood donation must be scientifically standardized in accordance with relevant regulations.
How often is it appropriate to donate blood?
According to the standard of blood donation volume of 200-400 ml, what frequency is more appropriate for a blood donation? In this regard, Wang Hongjie said that the blood donation interval is actually to fully protect the safety of blood donors. Countries all over the world have made corresponding regulations on the amount of blood donated at one time and the interval between each donation. Our current regulation is that if it is for whole blood donation, the interval is 6 months. (Zhang Wenting intern Han Hong)
