Introduction to Ningqiang County
Ningqiang, formerly known as Ningqiang, is the old name of Wei and Zhou. It belonged to Liangzhou in ancient times and was called Jiameng County in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Sanquan County was set up at Yangping Pass in the early Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Emperor Qiande of the Song Dynasty (965 A.D.), Sanquan County was directly under the leadership of the capital, which was the first county directly under the central government in China's history. In 1935, during the Long March of the Red Army, the Sichuan Shaanxi Revolutionary Base was established, and two county-level Soviet regimes, Ningqiang and Yangpingguan, were established respectively. This name was first used on New Year's Day in 1942. Ning Qiang was liberated on December 11, 1949. [Overview] Ningqiang County is located in the southwest corner of Shaanxi Province, connecting Sichuan to the south, Gansu to the west, and Lueyang, Mianxian and Nanzheng counties from the north to the east. Qinling Mountains stretch across the north and Bashan Mountains stretch across the south. It is a district and county in the bottom middle of the mountain where the north meets the south, with Sichuan in the front of Gansu, and "eight mountains, water and farmland". The geographical coordinates are: 105 ° 20 ′ 10 ″~106 ° 35 ′ 18 ″ east diameter, 32 ° 37 ′ 06 ″~33 ° 12 ′ 42 ″ north latitude, the highest elevation of the county is 2103 meters, the lowest point is 52.0 meters, and the total area is 3282.73 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 32 townships (including 11 towns and 21 townships), 366 administrative villages and 2459 villager groups, with a total population of 326300, mainly Han people, and 11 ethnic minorities including Hui, Manchu, Zhuang and Bai. The cultivated land is 440000 mu, including 76000 mu of paddy field and 1.48 mu per capita. [Superior resources] With mild climate and abundant rainfall, Ningqiang has three advantageous resources of biology, minerals and hydropower. The county is rich in forest resources, with 282 species of trees, and 7 species of trees under national key protection, including Lianxiang and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The forestry land is 3.16 million mu, the forest coverage rate is 49.8%, the total storage of standing trees is 4.198 million cubic meters, and there are two forest farms, Wudingguan and Hongshiliang. Seven production bases have been initially formed, including Chinese medicinal materials mainly including Eucommia ulmoides, Gastrodia elata and American ginseng, edible fungi mainly including agaric and shiitake mushrooms, and dry and fresh fruits mainly including walnuts and persimmons. Lacquer and tung oil are traditional projects of Ningqiang with a long history. "Ningqiang Que Tongue", "Jinniu Zao" and other famous teas enjoy a good reputation at home and abroad. There are 142 species of wild animals in 50 families of 18 orders, belonging to 50 species of national first and second level key protected animals. Ningqiang grassland is rich in resources and suitable for breeding. Cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry breeding industry has become the dominant industry in the county. Ningqiang is located in the Ningluanmian Triangle, with superior metallogenic conditions and rich mineral resources, ranking second in Hanzhong City. There are 31 kinds of metal and non-metallic mineral deposits, with an ore volume of 268.4 million tons and a potential value of 13.2 billion. Among them, there are 5 kinds of metal deposits and 42 ore occurrences, mainly including iron, copper, manganese, zinc, gold, etc. After preliminary exploration, the single gold reserves are more than 30000 kg. The non-metallic mineral deposits account for 94% of the mineral deposits in the county, and constitute the main part of the mineral deposits in the county, mainly including asbestos, phosphorus, sulfur, barite, marble, granite, sepiolite, chrysanthemum stone, etc. There are two major water systems in the county, namely Jialing River and Hanshui River, which contain 174600 kilowatts of hydropower resources. The total installed capacity of developed small hydropower stations is 12300 kilowatts. The provincial key construction project under construction, Erlangba Hydropower Project, plans to install 50000 kilowatts of hydropower and generate 200 million kilowatts of electricity annually. [Status quo of economic development] Ningqiang County's economy is dominated by agriculture, and agriculture and forestry are developed simultaneously. The main crops are corn, wheat, rice, beans and potatoes. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the system of contracted responsibility linked to output has been implemented in rural areas, and agriculture has shown unprecedented vitality. On the basis of extensive investigation, research and scientific demonstration, the county party committee and government have determined the development strategy of "one main body and two wings", that is, taking grain production as the main body, diversified operation and township enterprises as the two wings, which is a new step for agricultural production. Since 1982, the grain harvest has been bumper year after year. In 1991, the threshold of 100 million kg was first set, an increase of 46.2% over 1980 and 3.1 times that at the beginning of liberation. In 1997, the total agricultural output value of the county was billion yuan, the total grain output value was 101500 tons, the total output value of diversified economy was 312 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 826 yuan. Since the reform and opening up, township enterprises have sprung up from 359 in 1978 to more than 9000 in 1997. Township enterprises focusing on mining, smelting, construction, building materials and processing have begun to take shape. In 1997, the total output value of township enterprises was 438 million yuan, accounting for 59.4% of the total industrial and agricultural output value of the county, becoming half of Ningqiang's economic development. Ningqiang has a certain foundation in industry. Before liberation, there were only a few factories such as matches, paper making and leather making. After nearly 50 years of development, in addition to the match factory with a history of more than 80 years, there are also cement, paint, electrical appliances, machinery, food, grain and oil processing and gold, copper, iron, manganese, asbestos, marble and other mining, processing and refining enterprises. In 1997, the total industrial output value was 316 million yuan, accounting for 51% of the total industrial and agricultural output value, and famous and high-quality products continued to emerge. Provincial enterprises in the territory include Shimian Mine in Southern Shaanxi, Bayi Copper Mine, Erlangba Hydropower Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Manganese Mine, and municipal enterprises include Yangpingguan Gold Mine. In 1997, the total industrial and agricultural output value of the county reached 601.6 billion yuan, and the fiscal revenue was 28.86 million yuan, of which 19.62 million yuan was from local fiscal revenue. The per capita net income of urban residents is 2673 yuan. [Traffic Communication] Ningqiang has been an important hub of Qin and Shu since ancient times, and is famous for its steep roads. Before liberation, only the Sichuan Shaanxi Highway passed through. At present, Baoji Chengdu Railway and Yang'an Railway crisscross the county, meet at Yangpingguan, and National Highway 108 passes through the county with local roads. Railways and highways form a transportation network extending in all directions. The post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly. Programmed telephone, mobile phone and optical cable communication have been opened, wireless paging has entered the provincial network, and 32 villages and towns have all realized program-controlled switching and digital transmission. In terms of power, the completion of Yangpingguan 110kV substation will completely solve the situation of power shortage. The economic prosperity has brought about rapid changes in urban construction. The scale of the urban area is constantly expanding and the appearance is constantly changing. The high-rise buildings that have sprung up from the ground have become the new landscape of Ningqiang Mountain City, which is reflected by the city and river. [Science, education and health] On the eve of liberation, Ningqiang has two junior high schools and 51 primary schools with more than 3200 students. After nearly 50 years of tortuous development, there are 382 primary and secondary schools, 2800 teachers and 46222 students. After the liberation, there were more than 1000 students enrolled in institutions of higher learning and more than 10000 technical secondary school students. The social and cultural undertakings have made great progress. Three "Hanyuan Pen Club" were held. Famous calligraphers and painters from all over the country gathered in Ningqiang and splashed ink. The calligraphy works of four amateur authors were selected into the national calligraphy exhibition sponsored by the Chinese Calligraphy Association. "Revitalizing Nanjing through science and education" has become the consensus of the people of the whole county. There are four scientific and technological research institutes, including gastrodia elata, agaric and edible fungi, with more than 4000 scientific and technological personnel and more than 500 people with intermediate or higher professional titles. A large number of important scientific and technological achievements have been made in artificial cultivation of gastrodia elata, improvement of mountain cattle, high-yield cultivation of edible fungi, management and protection of aerial seeding forests, etc. In 1983, Ningqiang's health service was listed as one of the third key construction counties in Shaanxi Province. At present, the county has 63 medical and health institutions, more than 500 beds, Ningqiang County Hospital, County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the county seat, and health centers in villages and towns. The coverage rate of village clinics is 98%. [Tourism Resources] Ningqiang is located at the eastern end of the "Jianmen Shu Road", a national key scenic spot. The mountain ranges are Cuiwei, the caves and ravines are magnificent, the streams of snow are flying, the trees are lush, and the scenery of Qin and Ba can be seen in a moment. There are "Zilong Mountain" where Zhao Yun, the famous general of the Three Kingdoms, stationed his troops, "Yuwang Stele" where Dayu was said to have controlled the flood to the source of the Han River, "Longmen Cave" where Lu You wrote a poem, and relics of "Jinniu Gorge, Wuding Pass, and the first pass of the Western Qin Dynasty", the ancient dangerous roads to Sichuan still exist. Zhuge Liang made the Northern Expedition by this route, and the Emperor Minghuang of the Tang Dynasty crossed the border to Shu. In the early Qing Dynasty, Wang Fuchen, the governor of Shaanxi, launched an anti Qing mutiny in Ningqiang. Celebrities and poets of all ages wrote immortal poems to Ning Qiang. Many slogans and other precious revolutionary relics left by the Red Army during the Long March are rare textbooks for traditional revolutionary education. [Five Year Plan] In the next five years, the people of Ningqiang will hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, continue to promote the reform of the economic system and the fundamental transformation of the mode of economic growth, and focus on the implementation of the "May 3rd" project; Relying on three investments (mineral resources, biology and water power), accelerate development, focus on "double three" (three technologies and three industries of corn, namely tobacco and tea in planting industry; pigs, sheep and poultry in animal husbandry; Eucommia ulmoides Oliv, edible fungi and dried fruits in forestry), start the industry, highlight the "three reforms" (restructuring of state-owned enterprises, restructuring of national roads, and reconstruction of old cities), and expand opening up, Strengthen the three links (access, power and water), consolidate the foundation, synchronize the three policies (honest, diligent and clean), and coordinate development. By 2002, the planned GNP will reach 950 million yuan, the total industrial and agricultural output value will reach 1.1 billion yuan, of which the total agricultural output value will reach 400 million yuan, the total industrial output value will reach 700 million yuan, the total output value of township enterprises will reach 1.05 billion yuan, the local fiscal revenue will reach 30 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers will reach 1400 yuan. Basically, a strong agricultural county has been built, the industrialization process has been significantly accelerated, the urban landscape has changed, the trade circulation has become more active, all the poor people have lifted out of poverty, and some have entered the well-off society. The income of urban residents has increased significantly, and the quality of life has improved significantly. The comprehensive economic strength ranks in the forefront of mountainous counties in the city. Convenient transportation, communication, abundant resources, preferential policies and good investment environment have laid a solid foundation for Ningqiang's economic take-off. Responding to the clarion call of the times, Ning Qiang is opening its doors, going out of the mountains, connecting internally and introducing externally, and warmly welcoming all the sages in the world. Businessmen from all over the world are investing in Ning Qiang in the principle of "mutual benefit and common development", setting up industry with us, drawing a colorful picture of the new century with diligence and wisdom, and jointly bringing Ning Qiang, full of livelihood and vitality, into the 21st century.
